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Nycteribiidae

{{Short description|Family of flies}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Nycteribiidae (parasite fly living on bats) (5021769088).jpg

| image_caption =

| taxon = Nycteribiidae

| authority = Samouelle 1819

| subdivision_ranks = Subfamilies

| subdivision = Three; see text

}}

Nycteribiidae is a family of the true fly superfamily Hippoboscoidea. Together with their close relatives the Streblidae, they are known as "bat flies". As the latter do not seem to be a monophyletic group, it is conceivable that bat flies cannot be united into a single family.{{cite journal |author1=Frederik Torp Petersen |author2=Rudolf Meier |author3=Sujatha Narayanan Kutty |author4=Brian M. Wiegmann |year=2007 |title=The phylogeny and evolution of host choice in the Hippoboscoidea (Diptera) as reconstructed using four molecular markers |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=45 |issue=1 |pages=111–122 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2007.04.023 |pmid=17583536}}

They are flattened, spiderlike flies without eyes or wings, and as such bear very little resemblance to other Dipterans. These flies are seldom encountered by general collectors, as they almost never leave the body of their hosts. Female bat flies often must leave their hosts to breed and lay eggs, however they will not leave the bats immediate habitat. Both males and females take blood meals, thus qualifying as parasites. Most species are highly host-specific. The family is primarily found in the Old World tropics; a few of the 274{{citation |author1=Gustavo Graciolli |author2=Carl W. Dick |name-list-style=amp |title=Checklist of World Nycteribiidae (Diptera: Hippoboscoidea) |publisher = Field Museum of Natural History |date=October 22, 2008 |url=http://fm1.fieldmuseum.org/aa/Files/cdick/Nycteribiidae_Checklist_22oct08.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213212308/http://fm1.fieldmuseum.org/aa/Files/cdick/Nycteribiidae_Checklist_22oct08.pdf |archive-date=February 13, 2012 | access-date=December 10, 2008}} known species occur in the Neotropics and in Europe.

General

:* Archinycteribia Speiser, 1901

:* Cyclopodia Kolenati, 1863

:* Dipseliopoda Theodor, 1955

:* Eucampsipoda Kolenati, 1857

:* Leptocyclopodia Theodor, 1959

:* Basilia Miranda Ribeiro, 1903

:* Hershkovitzia Guimarães & d'Andretta, 1956

:* Nycteribia Latreille, 1796

:* Penicillidia Kolenati, 1863

:* Phthiridium Hermann, 1804

:* Stereomyia Theodor, 1967

:* Stylidia Westwood, 1840

Morphology

One of the key morphological features of Nycteribiidae is their highly reduced compound eyes. Many species of Nycteribiidae contain no visible eyes or contain only rudimentary eye spots. None of the species contain wings. They have backward folded legs that resemble those of spiders and a dorsally inserted head.Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H., Marion Kotrba, and Robert S. Copeland. "Further details of the morphology of the enigmatic African fly Mormotomyia hirsuta Austen (Diptera: Mormotomyiidae)." African Invertebrates 52.1 (2011): 145-165.

References

{{Reflist}}

Further reading

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  • {{Cite book|title=Micromammals and Macroparasites|last=Dick, C. W., & Patterson, B. D.|chapter=Bat flies: Obligate ectoparasites of bats |publisher=Springer|year=2006|location=Tokyo|pages=179–194|doi=10.1007/978-4-431-36025-4_11|isbn=9784431360247 |chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-4-431-36025-4_11}}
  • {{cite journal|author1=Bertola, P.B.|author2=Aires, C.C.|author3=Favorito, S.E.|author4=Graciolli, G.|author5=Amaku, M.|author6=Pinto-da-Rocha, R.|name-list-style=amp|year=2005|title=Bat flies (Diptera: Streblidae, Nycteribiidae) parasitic on bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) at Parque Estadual da Cantareira, São Paulo, Brazil: parasitism rates and host-parasite associations|journal=Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz|volume=100|issue=1|pages=25–32|doi=10.1590/S0074-02762005000100005|pmid=15867959|url=http://www.scielo.br/pdf/mioc/v100n1/v100n1a05.pdf|doi-access=free}}
  • {{cite journal|author1=Graciolli, G.|author2=Moura, M.O.|name-list-style=amp|year=2005|title=Basilia quadrosae sp. nov. (Diptera: Nycteribiidae), member of the ferruginea group, from southern Brazil|journal=Zootaxa|volume=1087|pages=33–38|url=http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2005f/z01087p038f.pdf|format=PDF excerpt|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1087.1.2}}
  • {{cite journal|author1=Graciolli, G.|author2=Passos, F.C.|author3=Pedro, W.A.|author4=Lim, B.K.|name-list-style=amp|year=200|title=Records of Streblidae and Nycteribiidae (Diptera) on vespertilionid bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from São Paulo State, Brazil|journal=Journal of the New York Entomological Society|volume=110|issue=3|pages=402–404|doi=10.1664/0028-7199(2002)110[402:ROSAND]2.0.CO;2|s2cid=86335986 |hdl=11449/224315|hdl-access=free}} [http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1664%2F0028-7199(2002)110%5B402%3AROSAND%5D2.0.CO%3B2 HTML abstract]
  • {{cite journal|author1=Graciolli, G.|author2=Dick, C.W.|author3=Gettinger, D.|name-list-style=amp|year=2006|title=A faunal survey of nycteribiid flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) associated with bats in Paraguay|journal=Zootaxa|volume=1220|pages=35–46|url=http://fm1.fmnh.org/aa/Files/cdick/Graciolli_et_al_2006_Zootaxa.pdf|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1220.1.3}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
  • {{cite journal|author1=Graciolli, G.|author2=Autino, A.G.|author3=Claps, G.L.|name-list-style=amp|year=2007|title=Catalogue of American Nycteribiidae (Diptera, Hippoboscoidea)|journal=Revista Brasileira de Entomologia|volume=51|issue=2|pages=142–159|doi=10.1590/S0085-56262007000200004|url=http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbent/v51n2/04.pdf|doi-access=free}}
  • {{Cite journal|last=Haelewaters, D., Pfliegler, W. P., Szentiványi, T., Földvári, M., Sándor, A. D., Barti, L., ... & Dick, C. W.|date=2017|title=Parasites of parasites of bats: Laboulbeniales (Fungi: Ascomycota) on bat flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) in central Europe.|journal=Parasites & Vectors|volume=10|issue=1|pages=96|doi=10.1186/s13071-017-2022-y|pmid=28222795|pmc=5320862 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{Cite journal|last=Szentiványi T., Estók P., Földvári M.|date=2016|title=Checklist of host associations of European bat flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae, Streblidae).|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311440364|journal=Zootaxa|volume=4205|issue=2|pages=101–126|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4205.2.1|pmid=27988583|s2cid=21118030 }}{{Refend}}

External links

{{Commons category}}

{{Wikispecies}}

  • [http://www.diptera.info/photogallery.php?album_id=111 Diptera.info] Images
  • [http://delta-intkey.com/britin/dip/www/nycterib.htm Nycteribiidae page at British Insects: Diptera Families] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310224737/http://delta-intkey.com/britin/dip/www/nycterib.htm |date=2007-03-10 }} (Contains links to illustrations)

{{Diptera|2}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q301085}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Brachycera families

Category:Parasites of bats

Category:Taxa named by George Samouelle

Category:Wingless Diptera

{{Hippoboscoidea-stub}}