Old Burying Ground (Halifax, Nova Scotia)#War of 1812

{{short description|Cemetery in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada}}

{{Use Canadian English|date=January 2023}}

{{Infobox cemetery

| name = Old Burying Ground

| image = Welsford-Parker Monument at the entrance to the Old Burying Ground in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.jpg

| imagesize = 220

| caption = Triumphal archCrimean War

| map_type = Nova Scotia

| map_size = 220

| map_caption = Nova Scotia

| established = 1749

| country = Canada

| location = Halifax, Nova Scotia

| coordinates = {{coord|44.6434|-63.5728|region:CA|display=inline,title}}

| type = Closed

| style =

| owner = St. Paul's Church (Halifax)

| size =

| graves = 12,000+

| embedded = {{Designation list |embed=yes |designation1=NHSC |designation1_offname=Old Burying Ground National Historic Site of Canada |designation1_date=1991 |designation2=Nova Scotia |designation2_type=Provincially Registered Property |designation2_date=1988 }}

| website =

}}

The Old Burying Ground (also known as St. Paul's Church Cemetery) is a historic cemetery in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. It is located at the intersection of Barrington Street and Spring Garden Road in Downtown Halifax.

History

File:Old Burying Grounds.JPG

The Old Burying Ground was founded in 1749, the same year as the settlement, as the town's first burial ground. It was originally non-denominational and for several decades was the only burial place for all Haligonians. (The burial ground was also used by St. Matthew's United Church). In 1793 it was turned over to the Anglican St. Paul's Church. The cemetery was closed in 1844 and the Camp Hill Cemetery established for subsequent burials. The site steadily declined until the 1980s when it was restored and refurbished by the Old Burying Ground Foundation, which now maintains the site and employ tour guides to interpret the site in the summer. Ongoing restoration of the rare 18th-century grave markers continues.

Over the decades some 12,000 people were interred in the Old Burial Ground. Today there are about 1,200 headstones, some having been lost and many others being buried with no headstone. Many notable residents are buried in the cemetery, including British Major General Robert Ross, who led the successful Washington Raid of 1814 and burned the White House before being killed in battle at Baltimore a few days later.

Commanders of three of the ships that served Governor Edward Cornwallis buried crew in unmarked graves: HMS Sphynx (1 crew), HMS Baltimore (1 crew) and HMS Albany (6 crew). HMS Sphynx was Cornwallis' own ship and the crew member was buried on the day his ship arrived in Halifax on 21 June 1749. HMS Albany was a 14-gun sloop commanded by Nova Scotia's senior naval officer, John Rous (1749–1753).Burials until 1799

There are four recorded Mi'kmaq buried in the burial ground, including a Mi'kmaw Chief Francis [Muis].St. Paul's Cemetery/ Old Burial Ground records (as transcribed in the Death, Burials & Probate of Nova Scotians) There was also a "protestant indian" named John Tray, possibly from John Gorham's rangers.{{Cite journal|url=https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/MCR/article/view/17948/22017#re55no55|title=View of Raising the Dead: The Use of Osteo-Archaeology to Establish Identity at the Little Dutch Church, Halifax, Nova Scotia | Material Culture Review|journal=Material Culture Review|date=January 2003 |last1=Williams |first1=Paul B. }}

There are also 167 recorded Black people buried in the graveyard, all with unmarked graves. (There is a grave marker, however, of the Huntingdonian Missionary who taught at the first school for Black students in Halifax, Reverend William Furmage.) Black people arrived with New England Planters. During the arrival of the Planters, there were 54 Black people in Halifax. 7 were buried in the cemetery from 1763 to 1775.1763 Census indicates the Black population in Nova Scotia was 54 people. Black Nova Scotians also arrived in Halifax with Boston Loyalists after the evacuation of Boston in 1776. During this period, 18 Black people were buried in the cemetery (1776–1782). Seventy-three free Black immigrants (and no slaves) also arrived in Halifax with the New York Loyalists after evacuation from New York in 1783. Of the 73 who arrived from New York, there were 4 burials that happened during this time period. Rev. John Breynton reported that in 1783 he baptized 40 Black people and buried many because of disease.{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/collectionsofnov02nova|title=Collections of the Nova Scotia Historical Society|date=September 9, 1880|publisher=Halifax, Nova Scotia Historical Society|via=Internet Archive}} Between the years 1792–1817 there are no recorded burials of Black Nova Scotians. The largest number of burials happen in the 1820s (72 graves), presumably the graves of the 155 Black Refugees who arrived in Halifax during the War of 1812.St. Paul's Cemetery/ Old Burial Ground records (as transcribed in the Death, Burials & Probate of Nova ScotiansC. B. Fergusson, "A Documentary Study of the Establishment of the Negroes in Nova Scotia Between the War of 1812 and the Winning of Responsible Government, "Public Archives of Nova Scotia, Halifax, Publication no. 8,1948, p. 1.

The last erected and most prominent burial marker is the Welsford-Parker Monument, a Triumphal arch standing at the entrance to the cemetery commemorating British victory in the Crimean War. This is the first public monument built in Nova Scotia and is the fourth oldest war monument in Canada. It is also the only monument to the Crimean War in North America. The arch was built in 1860, 16 years after the cemetery had officially closed. The arch was built by George Lang and is named after two Haligonians, Major Augustus Frederick Welsford and Captain William Buck Carthew Augustus Parker. Both Nova Scotians died in the Battle of the Great Redan during the Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855). This monument was the last grave marker in the cemetery.

In 1938, the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts presented and dedicated a granite monument to Erasmus James Philipps, who is the earliest known settler of Nova Scotia (c. 1721) to be buried in the cemetery. He was also the founder of Freemasonry in present-day Canada (1737).{{Cite web|url=https://skirret.com/papers/canada/erasmus_james_phillips.html|title=Erasmus J. Philipps|website=skirret.com}}

The Old Burying Ground was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1991.{{CRHP|9982|Old Burying Ground National Historic Site of Canada|13 April 2013}} It had earlier been designated a Provincially Registered Property in 1988 under Nova Scotia's Heritage Property Act.{{CRHP|6787|Old Burying Ground|13 April 2013}}

Prominent tombstones

File:Welsford-Parker Monument at the entrance to the Old Burying Ground in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.jpg|Welsford-Parker Monument

File:Ross tomb4.jpg|Robert Ross (British Army officer)

File:Lieut. Col James Fullarton, Old Buring Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Lt. Col James Fullarton, died 1834, Battle of Waterloo (belonged to St. Matthew's)

File:John James Snodgrass, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Lt. Col John James Snodgrass, died 1841, Battle of Waterloo{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/acadiensisquarte05jackuoft#page/100/mode/2up/search/deware|title=Acadiensis; a quarterly devoted to the interests of the maritime provinces of Canada|page=74|publisher=St. John, N.B. |access-date=2017-03-10}}{{cite book|title=Wellington's Men Remembered Volume 2: A Register of Memorials to Soldiers who Fought in the Peninsular War and at Waterloo- Volume II: M to Z|author1=Bromley, J.|author2=Bromley, D.|date=2015|volume=2|publisher=Pen & Sword Books Limited|isbn=978-1473857698|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LoSuCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA296|page=296|access-date=2017-03-10}}

File:Erasmus James Philipps, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Gov. Richard Philipps nephew Capt. Erasmus James Philipps monument, died 1760, unmarked grave, 40th Regiment of Foot, participated in the Battle of Grand Pré and the Cape Sable Campaign, Nova Scotia Council (1730–1760)[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=4p3FJGzxjgAC&dat=17520718&printsec=frontpage&hl=en Halifax Gazette, July 1752]

File:Moses Delesdernier, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Moses Delesdernier

File:Eliza Ussher, wife of Commodor Sir Thomas Ussher, d. 1835.jpg|Grave of Sir Thomas Ussher's wife, Eliza Ussher, died 1835

File:John Lawson's family, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Grave of William Lawson's father and family

File:Thomas Cochran, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Honourable Thomas Cochran (St. Matthew's)

Notable interments

= Founding of Halifax (1749–1776) =

File:John George Pyke, Halifax, Nova Scotia.png|John George Pyke's father John Abraham, died 1751, scalped in Dartmouth massacre, unmarked graveHolder, Jean. Baptisms, Marriages and Burials, 1749–1768. St. Paul's Church, Halifax, Nova Scotia. Genealogical Association of Nova Scotia. Halifax, 1983, p. 30

File:TheHumoursOfTheFleet.png|William Paget (Shakespearean actor), died 1752, unmarked grave

File:HMSSutherlandByRobertWilkins.jpg|John Rous' daughter Mary, died 1775 (Rous was in the Battle at Chignecto, Siege of Louisbourg (1758))

File:John Connor, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|John Connor (mariner), died 1757, involved in Attack at Mocodome

File:RichardPhilippsByCarolineHall.png|Gov. Richard Philipps's nephew Capt. Erasmus James Philipps, died 1760, 40th Regiment of Foot, participated in the Battle of Grand Pré and the Cape Sable Campaign, Nova Scotia Council (1730–1760)

File:JonathanBelcherByCopley.jpg|Jonathan Belcher (jurist), died 1776, participated in the Halifax Treaty with Mi'kmaq (1761)

File:Abigail Belcher by John Singleton Copley.png|Abigail Belcher, wife of Jonathan BelcherA sermon occasioned by the death of the Honorable Abigail Belcher, late consort of Jonathan Belcher, esq ... delivered at Halifax ... October 20, 1771 (Boston, Mass., 1772);

File:Malachy Salter.jpg|Malachy Salter, died 1781 (St. Matthew's)){{cite book | url=https://archive.org/stream/collectionsofnov16novauoft#page/n242/mode/1up | title=Collections of the Nova Scotia Historical Society | publisher=Halifax | year=1878}}

File:Pierre Malliard Plaque.jpg|Catholic Priest Pierre Maillard was buried in the church yard.{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/collectionsofnov01novauoft#page/n49/mode/1up|title=Collections of the Nova Scotia Historical Society Vol. 1, p. 44|year=1878 |publisher=Halifax |access-date=2017-03-10}}

File:RichardBulkeleyHalifaxNovaScotia.JPG|Richard Bulkeley's wife, died 1775The location of both Charles Morris and Richard Bulkeley are unknown. Both Charles Morris and Richard Bulkeley have wives buried in the burial ground but they are not. Given the stature of both men, if they had tombstones, they would have been prominent. They both have a hatchment in the church. Given that everyone else who has a hatchment is buried in the church, the assumption is made Morris and Bulkeley are buried in the church. While a display inside the St. Paul's Church (Halifax) states that Bulkeley is buried in the crypt, according to J. Philip McAleer, author of A pictorial history of St. Paul's Anglican Church, Halifax, Nova Scotia, the evidence that Bulkeley was buried in the church is circumstantial. This circumstantial evidence rests on the fact that he helped establish the church and was an active member in it for 51 years. Also Bulkeley is reported to have had the largest funeral ceremony ever to be in Halifax up to that date. Further, his wife Mary Rous has a headstone in the St Paul's Church Cemetery, while Bulkeley does not. Rev Hill, however reports that Bulkeley's grave is marked by a rude stone in St. Paul's Church cemetery, presumably close to the gravestone of his wife Mary Rous. (See [https://archive.org/stream/collectionsofnov02nova#page/68/mode/1up Collections of the Nova Scotia Historical Society, Vol. 2, p. 69])

File:Moses Delesdernier, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Moses Delesdernier

File:Jonathan Binney, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Jonathan Binney, died 1807, signed Halifax Treaty with Mi'kmaq people (1761)

  • Mary Morris, wife of Charles Morris (surveyor general)
  • James Brenton
  • Honourable William Nesbitt
  • John Fillis (belonged to St. Matthew's)
  • Priscilla Ball, died 10 May 1791, Black servant, unmarked grave{{Cite web|url=https://hssh.journals.yorku.ca/index.php/hssh/article/viewFile/4407/3605|title=Julien Gwyn. Female Litigants before the Civil Courts of Nova Scotia, p. 341}}St. Paul Cemetery Burial Records
  • Mi'kmaw Chief Francis [Muis/ Muice], died 16 February 1781, unmarked grave(Signed at Halifax, 9 November 1761, by Jonathan Belcher, President of His Majesty's Council and Francis Muis, Chief of the La Have and witnessed by "P. Maillard, Priest missionnary of indians." ([https://novascotia.ca/archives/mikmaq/archives.asp?ID=21 See Treaty]NSARM RG-1, v. 188, "August 22, Nova Scotia Council Minutes" pp. 406–407, in Donald Marshall Jr. Defence Document Books, vol. 6, doc. 152; NSARM, RG-1 v. 430, doc. 21, sigogne to Sherbrooke, 1812-05-09", p. 2 in R v. Donald Marshall Jr. Defence Document Books, vol. 8, doc 212Another possibility is Chief Francis Alexis who is referenced in a 1771 document. A Chief Francis Jeremiah also signed the 1752 Treaty.The Mi'kmaq Nation and the Embodiment of Political Ideologies. SMU thesis.See the Nova Scotia Chronicle and Weekly Advertiser and Halifax Journal. Feb. 1781 (mic 7013){{Cite web|url=https://archives.novascotia.ca/|title=Nova Scotia Archives – Mi'kmaq Holdings Resource Guide|first=Nova Scotia|last=Archives|date=April 20, 2020|website=Nova Scotia Archives}}
  • Captain William Kensey (Kenzie, Kinsey), sloop Vulture (1753–1755), died 30 April 1755, unmarked grave – he engaged in two naval battles to stop supplies going to the French, Mi'kmaw and Acadians; the battles were against La Margarite and another against the 'Nancy and Sally'{{Cite web|url=http://keithmercer.weebly.com/uploads/1/7/6/7/17679083/keith_mercer_ph.d._thesis_2008.pdf|title=Keith Mercer}}{{cite book|title=The Whitehall Evening Post Or London Intelligencer: 1755. 18. Jan. – 1. Jan. 1756|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ltlMAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA2-PT36|year=1755|page=2}}{{cite book|title=The gentleman's magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WU5GAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA333|year=1755|page=333}}{{cite book|author=Osgoode Society for Canadian Legal History|title=The Supreme Court of Nova Scotia, 1754–2004: From Imperial Bastion to Provincial Oracle|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6LFOPGedtQ8C&pg=PA274|date=2004|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=978-0802080219|page=274}}

== Siege of Louisbourg (1745) ==

Many of those who first established Halifax arrived from Cape Breton, which the British of New England occupied since their Siege of Louisbourg (1745). The following participated in the Siege:

File:Benjamin Green 1756 by Joseph Blackburn.jpg|Benjamin Green, died 1772, served on the first Nova Scotia Council in Halifax (1749); signed Treaty of 1752 with Mi'kmaqA sermon, occasioned by the death of Mrs. Margaret Green; consort of the late Honourable Benjamin Green, esq; delivered at Halifax, in the province of Nova-Scotia, February 1st, 1778 (Halifax, [1778?]).

File:Judge Joseph Gerrish by Copley, Halifax, Nova Scotia.png|Joseph Gerrish, died 1774; also wounded at the Battle of Grand Pre; signed Halifax Treaties with the Mi'kmaq

File:Winckworth Tonge, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Winckworth Tonge, died 1792, also fought in Battle of Fort Beauséjour and Battle of the Plains of Abraham

File:Jonathan Snelling, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Colonel Jonathan Snelling's son Jonathan Jr. (Boston, Mass., born 28 July 1734; died 8 December 1782, in Halifax; buried 10 December 1782){{cite book | url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015005881746;view=1up;seq=350 | title=The loyalists of Massachusetts;their memorials, petitions and claims | publisher=London | page=264 | date=1930 | last=Jones | first=E. Alfred}}{{cite book|last=Sabine|first=Lorenzo|title=Biographical Sketches of Loyalists of the American Revolution|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XEiVJDobwpEC&pg=PA320|year=2009|publisher=Applewood Books|isbn=978-1429019538|pages=320–321}}{{cite web|url=http://colonialnorthamerica.library.harvard.edu/spotlight/cna/catalog/012521312|publisher=colonialnorthamerica.library.harvard.edu|title=Letter from David Phips to Colonel Jonathan Snelling regarding escort of Governor Hutchinson to Harvard Commencement, 1773 July 12 · Colonial North America Project at Harvard|access-date=2018-02-06|archive-date=2018-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207122131/http://colonialnorthamerica.library.harvard.edu/spotlight/cna/catalog/012521312|url-status=dead}}{{cite book|last=Chapin|first=Howard M.|title=Privateering in King Georges̕ War, 1739–1748|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=txu.059173017850230;view=1up;seq=102|year=1928|publisher=E.A. Johnson Company|page=86}}{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/americanloyalist00sabiuoft#page/625/mode/1up/search/halifax|title=The American loyalists : or, Biographical sketches of adherents to the British crown in the war of the revolution, alphabetically arranged, with a preliminary historical essay|page= 625|access-date=2017-03-10}}[https://archive.org/details/collectionsofmas11mass p. 19]

= American Revolution =

== Military figures ==

File:Hibbert Newton Binney.png|Hibbert Newton Binney, died 1842, painter, Ensign, Royal Nova Scotia Volunteer Regiment;{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/collectionsofnov16novauoft#page/76/mode/1up|title=Collections of the Nova Scotia Historical Society – image of brother Stephen Hall Binney|year=1878 |publisher=Halifax |access-date=2017-03-10}}{{cite web|url=http://www.theedkins.co.uk/jo/genealogy/binney/hibbert1.htm|publisher=Jo Edkins|title=Hon. Hibbert Newton Binney|access-date=2023-02-12}}Public Archives of Nova Scotia, RG 20A, Volume 2, No. 1784–24 son-in-law of John Creighton (judge){{cite DCB|last=Beck|first=J. Murray|title=Creighton, John|volume=5|url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/creighton_john_1721_1807_5E.html}}

File:Stephen Hall Binney (1760-1836), Halifax, Nova Scotia.png|Stephen Hall Binney (1760–1836), Halifax, Nova Scotia{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/genealogyofbinne00binn#page/70/mode/1up/search/packet|title=Genealogy of the Binney family in the United States|last=Binney|first=Charles James Fox|date=1886|publisher=Albany, N. Y., J. Munsell's sons}}Note Stephen Hall's older brother was also named Stephen Hall Binney (1749–1760), but he lived in Boston and died two days after his younger brother Stephen Hall was born in Halifax. The older brother Stephen is buried in King's Chapel, Boston.

File:John Stewart, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Lt. John Stuart, died 1835 71st Regiment of Foot, Fraser's Highlanders, son-in law of Dr James Boggs{{cite web | title=The genealogical record of the Boggs family, the descendants of Ezekiel Boggs |page=16 | website=FamilySearch.org | url=https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/395658-redirection | access-date=2019-09-09}}{{cite book|title=The United Service Magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e3MXHzXo-YAC&pg=PA143|volume=2|year=1835|publisher=H. Colburn|page=143}}

File:Peter Etter (1715-1794), Old burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Peter Etter, died 1794, a loyalist who was friend of future President John Adams; son Peter Jr. fought with Joseph Gorham in the Royal Fencible American Regiment against the Eddy Rebellion; another son was Benjamin Etter

== Boston Loyalists ==

The following were Loyalist refugees who settled in Halifax after they were banished from New York and Massachusetts. While most Loyalist came to the region from New York (over 66%), most of the Loyalists buried with grave markers are from Boston.{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/loyalismnewyork00flicrich|title=Loyalism in New York during the American revolution|first=Alexander Clarence|last=Flick|date=September 9, 1901|publisher=New York : The Columbia University Press|via=Internet Archive}} Reflective of the fate of many of the Loyalists, the grave of Edward Winslow (scholar) is inscribed: "his fortune suffered shipwreck in the storm of civil war." Part of the devastation of the war resulted from American family members having to choose sides. For example, the story of one American patriot listed below, Benjamin Kent. While in Boston he imprisoned his son-in-law Sampson Salter Blowers for being a Loyalist. Blowers and the rest of Kent's family (including his wife) escaped to Halifax (1776). After the war, Kent eventually moved to Halifax to be with his family, which included Chief Justice Blowers (1885). Both Blowers and Kent are buried in the Old Burying Ground.

File:John Singleton Copley - William Brattle (1706-1776) - 1978.606 - Harvard Art Museums.jpg|William Brattle, died 1776, the Attorney General of Province of Massachusetts Bay; "wealthiest man in Boston", silversmith, owner of William Brattle House, lost gravestone{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/americanloyalist00sabiuoft#page/174/mode/1up/search/halifax|title=The American loyalists : or, Biographical sketches of adherents to the British crown in the war of the revolution, alphabetically arranged, with a preliminary historical essay|page= 174|access-date=2017-03-10}}{{cite book|title=New England Life in the Eighteenth Century: Representative Biographies from Sibley's Harvard Graduates|author=Shipton, C.K.|date=1995|publisher=Belknap Press of Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0674612518|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lxOxa8LCrAYC&pg=PA198|page=198|access-date=2017-03-10}}{{cite web|url=http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~silversmiths/makers/silversmiths/166725.htm|publisher=freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com|title=William Brattle, born 18 Apr 1706, chr. 21 Apr 1706, died Oct 1776|access-date=2017-03-10}}

File:James Murray (1713-1781) by Copley.png|James Murray (1713–1781) by Copley;James Murray (1713–1781) [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924032743977#page/n5/mode/1up Letters of James Murray, Loyalist]. There is also a Jacob Murray buried 1781.{{cite web|url=http://ncpedia.org/biography/murray-james|publisher=ncpedia.org|title=Murray, James | NCpedia – Dictionary of North Carolina Biography|access-date=2017-03-10}}

File:John Winslow - Project Gutenberg etext 20110.jpg|John Winslow's brother Edward Winslow (scholar), died 1784{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/americanloyalist00sabiuoft#page/711/mode/1up/search/halifax|title=The American loyalists : or, Biographical sketches of adherents to the British crown in the war of the revolution, alphabetically arranged, with a preliminary historical essay|page= 711|access-date=2017-03-10}}Father of Edward Winslow (loyalist) who was one of the founders of New Brunswick; his former home now belongs to the Mayflower House MuseumWinslow's tombstone is inscribed in part "his fortune suffered shipwreck in the storm of civil war", the "civil war" being the American Revolution, American Patriots fighting American Loyalists.{{cite book |last=Eaton|first=Arthur Wentworth Hamilton|title=Chapters in the history of Halifax, Nova Scotia: Rhode Island Settlers in Hants County, Nova Scotia: Alexander McNutt the Colonizer|date=1919|page=786 |url=https://archive.org/details/1913t19chaptersinhistor00eatouoft#page/312}}{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/winslowmemorialf0001holt#page/58/mode/2up/search/nova+scotia|title=Winslow memorial : family records of the Winslows and their descendants in America, with the English ancestry as far as known. Kenelm Winslow ...|year=1877 |access-date=2017-03-10}}{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/collectionsmass35socigoog#page/n190/mode/2up/search/edward|title=Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society|year=1792 |access-date=2017-03-10}}

File:1825cJohnHowe.jpg|John Howe, died 1835, father of Joseph Howe

File:John Halliburton (1725-1808).png|John Halliburton (surgeon), died 1808

File:James Stewart (1765-1830).png|James Stewart (1765–1830)

File:ThomasHutchinsonByEdwardTruman.jpg|Loyalist Massachusetts Governor Thomas Hutchinson's brother Foster Hutchinson Sr., died 1799, Chief Justice of Province of Massachusetts Bay,There were four judges of the Superior Court in Massachusetts at the time of the revolution. Foster Sr. was among the four judges who were Loyalists. [https://archive.org/stream/americanloyalist00sabiuoft#page/491/mode/1up/search/halifax See American Loyalists, p. 491]{{cite book|title=Legal Papers of John Adams|author=Adams, J.|date=1965|volume=1|publisher=Belknap Press of Harvard University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UlibMcgeiJMC&pg=PR102|access-date=2017-03-10}}{{cite book|title=The Diary and Letters of His Excellency Thomas Hutchinson|author=Hutchinson, T.|date=2010|volume=1|publisher=Applewood Books|isbn=978-1429022996|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WOUbw0m-1pUC&pg=PA342|page=342|access-date=2017-03-10}}{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/americanloyalist00sabiuoft#page/376/mode/1up/search/halifax|title=The American loyalists : or, Biographical sketches of adherents to the British crown in the war of the revolution, alphabetically arranged, with a preliminary historical essay|page= 376|access-date=2017-03-10}}

File:WLA lacma Smibert Scotland portrait of Paul Mascarene.jpg|Nova Scotia Gov. Paul Mascarene's grandchild Foster Hutchinson Jr., Chief Justice, died 1815,grandchild of Mass. Gov. Thomas Hutchinson (governor); son Hon Foster Hutchinson Sr., died 1799; decedent of Anne Hutchinson{{cite book|title=Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Chronicle|author=Nichols, J.|date=1816|issue=pt. 1|publisher=E. Cave|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wc9KAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA179|page=179|access-date=2017-03-10}}{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/loyalistsofmassa00staruoft#page/177/mode/1up/search/foster|title=The Loyalists of Massachusetts and the other side of the American Revolution|page=177|access-date=2017-03-10}}Another Grandchild of NS Gov. Paul Mascarene was William Handfield Snelling{{cite book|title=A Digest of the Nova Scotia Common Law, Equity, Vice-admiralty and Election Reports: With Notes of Many Unreported Cases and of Cases Appealed to the Privy Council and Supreme Court of Canada from Nova Scotia. Containing Also Rules of Court, and an Index of the Imperial, Dominion and Nova Scotia Statutes, Referred to in the Reports, with the Notes and Comments Thereon|author1=Nova Scotia. Courts|author2=Congdon, F.T.|date=1890|publisher=Carswell|isbn=9780665007439 |url=https://archive.org/details/cihm_00743|access-date=2017-03-10}}

File:William Pepperrell.jpg|William Pepperrell's grandson William Pepperrell, died 1837, 34th Regiment of Foot{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/lifesirwilliamp01parsgoog#page/n374/mode/1up|title=The life of Sir William Pepperrell, bart., the only native of New England who was created a baronet during our connection with the mother country|page= 338|access-date=2017-03-10}}

File:Sampson Salter Blowers 2.jpg|Chief Justice Sampson Salter Blowers, died 1842 – instrumental in ending slavery in Nova Scotia; son-in-law of Benjamin Kent

File:William Furmage, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Reverend William Furmage (Firmage) (died 1793), Huntingdonian Missionary to the Black Loyalists; established first school for Black students in Halifax (1786)According to a 1767 return, there were 54 Blacks in Halifax and area (See [https://novascotia.ca/archives/africanns/archives.asp?ID=7 Archives])According to a 1783 report, 73 Blacks arrived in Halifax from New York. (Whitfield, p. 43) Of the 4007 Blacks that came to Nova Scotia in 1783, 69% (2775) were free, 35% (1423) were former British soldiers and 31% (1232) were slaves. While 41 slaves were sent to Dartmouth, none were sent to Halifax (Pachai, pp. 11–12). 550 Jamaican Maroons lived in Halifax for four years (1796–1800) (Pachai, p. 21). A return in December 1816 indicates there were 155 Blacks who migrated to Halifax during the War of 1812 (see Pachai, p. 23)The school for Black students was the only charitable school in Halifax for the next 26 years. Whites were not allowed to attend. (See [https://www.smu.ca/webfiles/fingard-educationofthepoorinhfx-1973.pdf Griffith])[https://archive.org/stream/collectionsofnov02nova#page/72/mode/1up pp. 71–72]{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/cihm_20697 | title=An address to the inhabitants of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, in North America | publisher=Hughes and Walsh ... | date=1788 | last=Bradford | first=John| isbn=9780665206979 }}[https://archive.org/stream/histofthemethodi00smituoft#page/n181/mode/2up/search/zion History of Methodism, p. 174][http://haddingtonhouse.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Huntingdonian-Missionaries-to-NS-NB.pdf Jack C. Whytock. The Huntingdonian Missionaries to Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, c. 1785–1792]

File:Rebecca Byles Almon by Robert Field.png|Rebecca Byles Almon, died 1852, wife of William James Almon (surgeon, Battle of Bunker Hill); oldest child of Mather Byles{{cite DCB|title=Almon, William James|first=Lois K. |last=Kernaghan|volume=5|url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/almon_william_james_5E.html}}

File:Benjamin Etter, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Benjamin Etter, silversmith{{cite DCB|title=Etter, Benjamin|first=Donald C. |last=Mackay|volume=6|url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/etter_benjamin_6E.html}}

  • Governor Paul Mascarene's grandchild William Handfield Snelling, died 1838Deputy Commissary General at Halifax{{cite book|title=Collections of the Nova Scotia Historical Society|author=Nova Scotia Historical Society, Halifax|date=1891|issue=v. 7–10|publisher=Nova Scotia Historical Society.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SvdGAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA226|page=226|access-date=2017-03-10}}
  • Theophilus Lillie (died 26 May 1776), unmarked grave{{Cite web|url=http://www.revolutionarycharacters.org/theophilus-lillie|title=Theophilus Lillie|website=Revolutionary Characters}}{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SvdGAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Theophilus+Lillie%22+halifax,+nova+scotia&pg=RA3-PA84|title=Collections of the Nova Scotia Historical Society|first=Nova Scotia Historical Society|last=Halifax|date=September 9, 1891|publisher=Nova Scotia Historical Society.|via=Google Books}}
  • Byfield Lyde, (died 1776) unmarked grave{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oIjjAd6vOOoC&q=%22byfield+lyde%22+1776&pg=PT586|title=The Loyalists of Massachusetts And the Other Side of the American Revolution|first=James Henry|last=Stark|date=1972|publisher=Library of Alexandria|isbn=978-1465573919|via=Google Books}}
  • John Lovell (loyalist) (died 17 July 1778), unmarked grave{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mV9wv-NaabYC&q=%22john+lovell%22+halifax+1778&pg=PA120|title=Early American Latin verse, 1625–1825: an anthology|first=Leo M.|last=Kaiser|date= 1984|publisher=Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers|isbn=978-0865160309|via=Google Books}}
  • Christopher Minot (died 1783), unmarked grave{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/genealogicalreco00mino|title=A genealogical record of the Minot family in America and England|first=Joseph Grafton|last=Minot|date=September 9, 1897|publisher=Boston, Mass. : Priv. print.|via=Internet Archive}}
  • George Brinley (died 1809), unmarked grave
  • Jeremiah Dummer Rogers (died 1784), unmarked grave{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XEiVJDobwpEC&q=%22Jeremiah+Dummer+Rogers%22&pg=PA232|title=Biographical Sketches of Loyalists of the American Revolution|first=Lorenzo|last=Sabine|date=2009|publisher=Applewood Books|isbn=978-1429019538|via=Google Books}}
  • Archibald Cunningham (loyalist) (died 1820), unmarked grave
  • Benning Wentworth (loyalist), died 1808 provincial secretary of Nova Scotia
  • Capt. William Burton, 98th Regiment of Foot, died 1817 (Boston)
  • Martha Howe, wife of John Howe, mother of Joseph Howe
  • William Taylor, died 1810, a Boston merchant; father of James Taylor (Nova Scotia politician)
  • Peter Lennox;
  • Jonathan Sterns, died 1798, killed by Attorney General Richard John Uniacke
  • Gilbert Stuart,
  • Gregory Townsend{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/americanloyalist00sabiuoft#page/649/mode/1up|title=The American loyalists : or, Biographical sketches of adherents to the British crown in the war of the revolution, alphabetically arranged, with a preliminary historical essay |page= 650 |access-date=2017-03-10}}
  • William Burton (merchant) (c. 1748–1817){{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/americanloyalist00sabiuoft#page/185/mode/1up|title=The American loyalists : or, Biographical sketches of adherents to the British crown in the war of the revolution, alphabetically arranged, with a preliminary historical essay |page= 186 |access-date=2017-03-10}}
  • Sylvia (died 12 March 1824, age 70) black servant who resisted the American Privateers in the Raid on Lunenburg (1782)

== Boston Patriot ==

File:Benjamin Kent, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Benjamin Kent – lawyer who freed first slave in United States; First patriot Attorney General of Massachusetts

== New York Loyalists ==

File:Charles Inglis by Robert Field.jpg|Bishop Charles Inglis' daughter Margaret (Inglis) Halliburton (and wife of Brenton Halliburton), advocated for education for Black Nova Scotians{{cite web | access-date=2019-09-09 | url=http://www.uelac.org/events/Loyalists-Old-Burying-Ground-Halifax-by-Brian-McConnell-Jan-2016.pdf | title=TLoyalists in the Old Burying Ground at Halifax | date=2016 | last=McConnell | first=Brian | website=United Empire Loyalists' Association of Canada}}

File:Lawrence Hartshorne, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Lawrence Hartshorne, died 1822, a Quaker who was the chief assistant of John Clarkson (abolitionist) in helping the Black Nova Scotian Settlers emigrate to Sierra Leone (1792){{cite DCB |title=Hartshorne, Lawrence|first=D.A. |last=Sutherland|volume=6|url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/hartshorne_lawrence_6E.html}} Also see Hartshorne's portrait by Robert Field (painter)[http://blackloyalist.com/cdc/documents/official/black_loyalist_directory.htm Book of Negros – Hawshorne]

File:Jonathan Odell, New Brunswick Museum, Saint John, NB.png|Jonathan Odell's daughter Lucy Anne

File:James Boggs (1740-1830).png|Dr. James Boggs (surgeon) – Prince Edward's surgeon

  • Sarah Deblois, died 1827, Dr James Boggs' daughter-in-law{{cite DCB|title=Debois, Sarah|first1=Julie |last1=Morris |first2=Wendy L. |last2=Thorpe|volume=6|url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/deblois_sarah_6E.html}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/395658-redirection|title=The genealogical record of the Boggs family, the descendants of Ezekiel Boggs|website=www.familysearch.org}}
  • Mary Young died 1784 (New York)
  • Charles Geddes (merchant){{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/annalsnorthbri00nort#page/110/mode/1up|title=Annals, North British Society, Halifax, Nova Scotia : with portraits and biographical notes, 1768–1903 |access-date=2017-03-10}}{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/americanloyalist00sabiuoft#page/318/mode/1up/search/halifax|title=The American loyalists : or, Biographical sketches of adherents to the British crown in the war of the revolution, alphabetically arranged, with a preliminary historical essay | Geddes – Loyalist |access-date=2017-03-10}}
  • Priscilla Ball, died 10 May 1791, Black servant, unmarked grave
  • Daniel Bessonett{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NDije3s3oeEC&pg=PA261 | title=King's Men: The Soldier Founders of Ontario| isbn=978-1554882052| last1=Fryer| first1=Mary Beacock| date=1980}}

= French Revolutionary Wars (1792–1802) =

During the French Revolutionary Wars, Prince Edward was stationed in Halifax and personally commemorated four military personnel who died while on duty in Halifax.

== Prince Edward Commemorations ==

File:Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn by Sir William Beechey.jpg]]

  • Lt. Benjamin James, Royal Nova Scotia Regiment, died while trying to rescue those who died aboard {{HMS|Tribune|1796|6}} (1797);{{cite web|url=http://www.ourroots.ca/page.aspx?id=166844&qryID=3182552c-2539-4f67-88ee-a9a003a839fd|publisher=ourroots.ca|title=History of the county of Annapolis. p. 350|access-date=2017-03-10}}{{dead link|date=November 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
  • Major Charles Domville, Royal Rifles, Dec. 1797, 7th Regiment (at Halifax from 1796 till 1799), Major 16 September 1795, died January 1798.{{cite web | access-date=2019-09-09 | url=https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-90100-404183050/the-nova-scotia-calender-or-an-almanack | title=The Nova Scotia Calendar or an Almanack | url-access=subscription | website=myheritage.com}}{{cite book|author=War Office, Great Britain|title=A List of the Officers of the Army and of the Corps of Royal Marines|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YbagAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA114|edition=forty-sixth|year=1798|publisher=G.E. Eyre and W. Spottiswoode|page=114}}
  • Charles Thomas, H.M. 7th Royal Fusiliers regiment, died from friendly fire;Prince Edward was his commander and etched on his stone: "This Stone Sacred to the Memory of Lieut. Chales Thomas of His Majesty's Royal Fusilier Regiment who departed this Life on the 16 August 1797, Aged 24 years; is placed as a Testimony of His Friendship and Esteem by Lieut. General His Royal Highness Prince Edward his Colonel."Halifax Acadian Recorder, April 15, 1920 (son of Nathaniel Thomas, Loyalist)
  • James Brace Sutherland (c.1782 – September 25, 1798), son of Captain Andrew Sutherland; a midshipman who died in storm, age 16, in Halifax harbour on board HMS Prevoyante{{cite book|title=The Naval Chronicle|author1=Clarke, J.S.|author2=Jones, S.|author3=Jones, J.|date=1799|volume=1|publisher=J. Gold|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I7BWAAAAYAAJ|access-date=2017-03-10}}{{cite web|url=http://threedecks.org/index.php?display_type=show_crewman&id=21896|publisher=threedecks.org|title=James Brace Sutherland (died 1798)|access-date=2017-03-10}}
  • Benjamin Etter – Prince Edward's honorary aide-de-camp
  • Dr. James Boggs (surgeon) – Prince Edward's surgeon

== Other ==

File:John Catto, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Serg. John Catto Soldier Artificer Company and Mr. Mason of Halifax Garrison, died 1802{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/cihm_16766#page/n197/mode/2up/search/catto|title=History of the Royal Sappers and Miners [microform] : from the formation of the corps in March 1772 to the date when its designation was changed to that of Royal Engineers in October 1856|isbn=9780665167669 |access-date=2017-03-10}}

File:Thomas Huxley, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Lt. Col. Thomas Huxley (military officer)

File:Thomas Fortye, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Major Thomas Fortye

= Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) =

== [[Battle of Trafalgar]] ==

File:JohnHoultonMarshall.jpg|John Houlton Marshall's mother Mary (died 1813) and brother Benjamin (died 1825), John's Portrait in Province House (Nova Scotia)

== [[Peninsular War]] ==

Richard Westmacott Mw111920 (retouched).jpg|Sir Richard Westmacott's brother Architect John Westmacott, died 1816; He was wounded in the Siege of Badajoz (1812); Richard reported to have created several marble mantles in Government House{{cite web|url=http://dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/node/350|publisher=dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org|title=Westmacott, Capt. John | Biographical Dictionary of Architects in Canada|access-date=2017-03-10}}{{cite book|title=The Gentleman's Magazine|date=1816|volume=119|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ffsRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA566|page=566|access-date=2017-03-10}}True Stories from Nova Scotia's Past By Dianne MarshallHarris. The Church of St. Paul in Halifax, p. 230

File:Captain Sir Thomas Ussher (1779–1848).png|Commodor Sir Thomas Ussher's wife Eliza Ussher, died 1835, Thomas conveyed Napoleon Bonaparte into exile to Elba (1814).{{cite web|url=http://artuk.org/discover/artworks/captain-sir-thomas-ussher-17791848-175154|publisher=artuk.org|title=Captain Sir Thomas Ussher (1779–1848) | Art UKArt UK | Discover Artworks Captain Sir Thomas Ussher (1779–1848)|access-date=2017-03-10}}

File:Peter Waterhouse, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Peter Waterhouse

  • Major James Butler, 62nd Regiment{{Cite web|url=https://archives.novascotia.ca/|title=Nova Scotia Archives – Nova Scotia Historical Newspapers|first=Nova Scotia|last=Archives|date=April 20, 2020|website=Nova Scotia Archives}} He fought under the command of Sir Samuel Hulse in the Peninsular War{{cite book|author=Great Britain. War Office|title=A List of the Officers of the Army and of the Corps of Royal Marines|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D29KAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA230|year=1821|publisher=G.E. Eyre and W. Spottiswoode|page=230}}{{cite book|author=Authority|title=The Army List for September 1818|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3OcNAAAAQAAJ|year=1818}}

== War of 1812 ==

File:Major-General Robert Ross.jpg|Major-General Robert Ross (British Army officer), died 12 September 1814 leading troops during the Battle of Baltimore.

File:William Hughes, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|William Hughes, died 1813, Master Shipwright, HM Dockyard; assisted Prince Edward in the design of St. George's Round Church{{cite web |title=Fleiger, John Henry |work=Biographical Dictionary of Architects in Canada|url=http://dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/node/1967}}{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/navalchroniclefounse_1#page/512/mode/1up|title=The Naval Chronicle, for 1813: Containing a General and Biographical History of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom; with a Variety of Original Papers on Nautical Subjects. Under the Guidance of Several Literary and Professional Men. Vol. XXIX. (from January to June.)|access-date=2017-03-10}}

File:Richard Smith, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Sgt. Richard Smith, 104th (New Brunswick) Regiment of Foot; made the 600 men march from Fredericton, N.B., to Kingston, Ont. between February and April 1813; wounded five times in the Battle of Fort Erie, 1814{{cite web|url=http://www.1812veterans.ca/?p=595&lang=en|publisher=1812veterans.ca|title=Richard Smith 104th Regiment of Foot | Graveside Project|access-date=2017-03-10}}{{cite web|url=http://thechronicleherald.ca/metro/1236041-two-tough-war-of-1812-vets-to-be-lauded-at-halifax-cemetery|publisher=thechronicleherald.ca|title=Two tough War of 1812 vets to be lauded at Halifax cemetery | The Chronicle Herald|access-date=2017-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510074508/http://thechronicleherald.ca/metro/1236041-two-tough-war-of-1812-vets-to-be-lauded-at-halifax-cemetery|archive-date=2017-05-10|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://www.gooselane.com/books.php?ean=9780864924476|publisher=gooselane.com|title=The 104th (New Brunswick) Regiment of Foot in the War of 1812 John R. Grodzinski|access-date=2017-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018205154/http://www.gooselane.com/books.php?ean=9780864924476|archive-date=2016-10-18|url-status=dead}}

File:Esther Rowlands, Old Burying Grounds, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Esther Rowlands, wife of Dr. David Rowlands (surgeon), the naval surgeon for patients of {{HMS|Shannon|1806|6}} (1813) (plaque in St. Paul's church)

  • Lieut, Col. John-Fowell (J.F.) Goodridge, 62nd Regiment of Foot (January 1768 – 12 November 1819) – monument erected by the 62nd in his memory; buried his 2-year-old in Halifax who died in fire{{cite book|title=A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland, Enjoying Territorial Possessions Or High Official Rank: But Uninvested with Heritable Honours|author=Burke, J.|date=1838|volume=4|publisher=Henry Colburn|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KikAAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA435|page=435|access-date=2017-03-10}}{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/royalmilitaryca04goog#page/n73/mode/1up|title=The Royal military calendar, or Army service and commission book. Containing the services and progress of promotion of the generals, lieutenant-generals, major-generals, colonels, lieutenant-colonels, and majors of the army, according to seniority: with details of the principal military events of the last century|access-date=2017-03-10}}
  • William Ross, died 1822, Nova Scotia Fencibles; founder of Ross Farm, Lunenburg County, Nova Scotia, unmarked grave{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/historycountylu00desbgoog#page/n342/mode/2up|title=History of the county of Lunenburg |year=1895 |page=325|access-date=2017-03-10}}

=== Privateers ===

  • Captain Benjamin Ellenwood, died 1815, murdered
  • Captain Ebenezer Herrington, died 1812, {{HMS|Chub|1807|6}}, friendly fireDeborah Trask. Putting the War of 1812 to Rest. Royal Nova Scotia Historical Society Journal. Vol. 18, 2015, p. 49

== Battle of Waterloo ==

File:Lieut. Col James Fullarton, Old Buring Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Lt. Col James Fullarton, died 1834, Battle of Waterloo

File:John James Snodgrass, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Lt. Col John James Snodgrass, died 1841, Battle of Waterloo

File:John Charles Beckwith.png|Lt. Col. John Beckwith's (infant) siblings; lost his leg in the Battle of Waterloo

  • Lieut. William Johnson Thornhill, 03 Jan. 1812 99th (Prince of Wales's Tipperary) Regiment of Foot – His Commander James Orde was court marshalled in Halifax for abusing his soldiers.{{cite book|last=Philippart|first=John|title=The Royal Military Calendar, Or Army Service and Commission Book|url=https://archive.org/details/royalmilitaryca08goog|year=1820|publisher=A. J. Valpy|page=[https://archive.org/details/royalmilitaryca08goog/page/n376 362]}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.ellisonfineart.com/portrait-miniatures/d/a-fabulous-portrait-of-major-general-james-orde-/169141|title=Portrait of James Orde}}{{cite book|author=Sylvanus Urban |title=The Gentleman's Magazine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0sEUAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA93|year=1850|page=93}}(99th Regiment, 1811–18: Nova Scotia, New Brunswick.); Johnson Thornhill Born Tempemore, Tipperary Served in 99th Foot Regiment{{cite book|last=James|first=Charles|title=A Collection of the Charges, Opinions, and Sentences of General Courts Martial: As Published by Authority; from the Year 1795 to the Present Time; Intended to Serve as an Appendix to Tytler's Treatise on Military Law, and Forming a Book of Cases and References; with a Copious Index|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924030743797|year=1820|publisher=T. Egerton|location=London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cu31924030743797/page/n498 477]–478}}

= Military Officers (1816–1844) =

File:Charles Francis Norton, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Charles Francis Norton died 1835; son-in-law of Sir Colin Campbell; brother-in-law of writer Caroline Norton[https://archive.org/stream/acadiensisquarte05jackuoft#page/105/mode/1up/search/norton p. 79 – Plaque in St. Paul's Church, Halifax, Nova Scotia]

  • Hon. William Cropton, died 1838, (2C) 85th Infantry; Brother to Baron Crofton, The Crofton Baronetcy, of Mohill in the County of County Leitrim (Plaque in St. Paul's)[https://novascotia.ca/archives/newspapers/archives.asp?ID=2061&Page=201118293&Language= Acadian Recorder 21 April 1838 Vol. 26 No. 16] Nova Scotia Historical Newspapers
  • Commander John George Dewar, {{HMS|Rose|1821|6}}. died 1830 (also plaque in St. Paul's church) {{Cite web|url=http://www.clanmacfarlanegenealogy.info/genealogy/TNGWebsite/getperson.php?personID=I50382&tree=CC|title=John George Dewar d. Yes, date unknown: MacFarlane Clan & Families Genealogy|website=www.clanmacfarlanegenealogy.info}}{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/acadiensisquarte05jackuoft|title=Acadiensis; a quarterly devoted to the interests of the maritime provinces of Canada|first=David Russell|last=Jack|date=September 8, 2019|publisher=[St. John, N.B.]|via=Internet Archive}} Plaque also in North Middleton churchyard
  • John Thompson, Surgeon, HMS Saracen, died 1818
  • Serg William George, 74th (Highland) Regiment of Foot, died 1828
  • William Pepperell, Quarter Master of the 34th Regiment of Foot, died 1837
  • Elizabeth Pepperell, grand daughter of William Pepperell through marriage, died 1775; wife of grandson William Pepperrell{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/pepperrellsiname00howa#page/36/mode/2up/search/halifax|title=The Pepperrells in America|access-date=2017-03-10}}
  • Col Sgt. John Reilly, 64th (2nd Staffordshire) Regiment of Foot, died 1842
  • John Ross, R.N., died 1844
  • Lieut. Charles A. Ross, R.N., died 1828
  • Lieut. James Philips, RN, died 1821
  • Westmount, Capt. John 4 May 1816, Royal Staff Corps

= Other =

File:John Gillespie.png|John Gillespie, died 1772, 1st president of North British Society{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/annalsnorthbri00nort#page/12/mode/2up/search/gillespie|title=Annals, North British Society, Halifax, Nova Scotia : with portraits and biographical notes, 1768–1903|access-date=2017-03-10}}

File:Ann Scott, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Ann Scott (died 1776), midwife, gravestone: "She will be greatly missed by the people of Halifax"

File:Hon Thomas Cochrane, Halifax, Nova Scotia.png|Hon Thomas Cochran, died 1801, and his family.{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/cochraninglisfam00eato_0#page/6/mode/1up|title=Cochran-Inglis family of Halifax by Eaton, Arthur Wentworth Hamilton, 1899.|year=1899 |access-date=2017-03-10}} (St. Matthew's)

File:William Bowie by Robert Field NS Archives.jpeg|William Bowie (merchant), died 1819, (killed by Richard John Uniacke Jr. in the last duel in Nova Scotia){{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/annalsnorthbri00nort#page/137/mode/1up|title=Annals, North British Society, Halifax, Nova Scotia : with portraits and biographical notes, 1768–1903 | Image and Bio of Bowie|access-date=2017-03-10}}

File:James Fraser.png|Hon James Fraser, died 1822

File:Roger Aitken, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Rev. Roger Aitken (died 1825), missionary at Lunenburg for Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts (SPG),{{cite book|title=History of the County of Lunenburg|author=DesBrisay, M.B.|date=1895|publisher=W. Briggs|url=https://archive.org/details/historycountylu00desbgoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/historycountylu00desbgoog/page/n92 86]|access-date=2017-03-10}}Note he was the grandfather of Charles Aitkens (see [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924028897952#page/n126/mode/1up/search/grave here]) St. John's Anglican Church (Lunenburg)

File:John Lawson by Robert Field.png|John Lawson, died 1828, father of William Lawson, first president of the Bank of Nova Scotia

File:Elizabeth Lawson by Robert Field.png|2nd Elizabeth Lawson, died 1819, wife of John Lawson

File:Peter McNab, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Peter McNab, namesake of McNabs Island

File:Susan Cunard, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Susan Cunard, wife of Samuel Cunard, died 1828

Alexander Keith.png|Brewer Alexander Keith's first wife Sarah Ann, died 1832, and the first two children with his second wifeNote both children are also named on their father's grave stone in Camp Hill Cemetery.

File:Hon Stedman Rawlins, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg|Hon Stedman Rawlins, Slave/ Plantation Owner; died 1830, President of His Majesty's Council of the Island of St. Christopher

File:Rev Archibald Gray by Robert Field.png|Rev Archibald Gray, died 1831, St. Matthew's United Church (Halifax) for 35 years

File:John Albro (1764-1839).png|John Albro, died 1839

File:Jonathan Prescott, Chester, Nova Scotia.png|Jonathan Prescott's son Samuel Thomas Prescott, died 1816 (St. Matthew's)

  • Mary Welsford, mother of Parker Welsford (Welsford-Parker Monument){{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/cihm_56287#page/n22/mode/1up|title=Inauguration of the Welsford and Parker Monument at Halifax, on Tuesday, 17th July, 1860 [microform] : committee, H. Pryor ... [et al.] |year=1860 |page=16|isbn=9780665562877 |access-date=2017-03-10}}
  • Charles Morris (1759–1831)
  • William Annand, father of William Annand
  • Dr. Samuel Head, first doctor born in Nova Scotia{{cite DCB |title=Head, Samuel|first=K. G. |last=Pryke|volume=7 |url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/head_samuel_7E.html}}
  • Robert Collins (died 26 March 1812) and his wife Sarah (Wisdom) Collins (died 31 January 1812), namesake of Collins Grove, Dartmouth{{cite web|url=http://www.brookhousepress.ca/louisa/appendix/a.htm|publisher=brookhousepress.ca|title=Untitled|access-date=2017-03-10}}
  • James Gautier{{cite book|title=Collections of the Nova Scotia Historical Society|author=Nova Scotia Historical Society, Halifax|date=1891|issue=v. 7–10|publisher=Nova Scotia Historical Society.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SvdGAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA152|pages=1–152|access-date=2017-03-10}}
  • Honorable Charles Hill (jurist) died 1825; brother-in-law of Thomas Cochran (Nova Scotia politician); director of the Shubenacadie Canal Company{{cite DCB|title=Hill, Charles|first=J.B. |last=Cahill|volume=6 |url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/hill_charles_6E.html}}
  • John Thomas Twining, died 1832, son of John Thomas Twining{{cite DCB|title=Twining, John Thomas|first=Judith |last=Fingard|volume=8 |url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/twining_john_thomas_8E.html}}
  • Phoebe Perkins, died 1820, wife of Rev. Cyrus Perkins, Rector of Annapolis, 1807–1817,Rev. Perkins was born at Horton, Nova Scotia, and studied at Kings College, Windsor, Nova Scotia to become a missionary for the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel. He died inTorbay, Devon, England. (See [https://novascotia.ca/archives/notman/archives.asp?ID=128 Nova Scotia Archives]{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/ageographyandhi00wilsgoog#page/n382/mode/1up|title=A Geography and History of the County of Digby, Nova Scotia|access-date=2017-03-10}}{{cite book|last=Howley|first=William|title=A sermon [on Matth. xxviii, 18–20] preached ... February 21, 1817, by William, bishop of London|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PdpbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA45|date=1817-02-21|page=45}}{{Cite web|url=https://novascotia.ca/archives/notman/archives.asp?ID=128|title=Nova Scotia Archives – Notman Studio, Halifax, N.S.|first=Nova Scotia|last=Archives|date=April 17, 2003|website=novascotia.ca}}{{Cite web|url=http://archive.org/details/descendantsofedw00inperk|title=The Descendants of Edward Perkins of New Haven, Conn.|first1=Caroline Erickson|last1=Perkins|first2=Perley|last2=Derby|date=February 26, 1914|publisher=Rochester, NY: [s.n.]|via=Internet Archive}}

Sculptor James Hay

File:Mary Bulkeley Grave. Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.png

File:Mary Bulkeley's Grave, Gabriel, Old Burying Ground, Halifax, Nova Scotia.jpg

There are various gravestones by stone carvers from London and the local region. Museum curator Deborah Trask asserts that one of the first stone sculptors, James Hay (1750–1842), likely made the gravestone of Richard Bulkeley's wife Mary. On one side Hay carved the angel Gabriel trumpeting, symbolic of the resurrection. The religious text: "In a moment, in a twinkling of an eye at the last trump; for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed" (1 Cor. 15:52). (The trumpeting motive is also on the gravestone of the Lawson children). On the opposite side of the gravestone is an image in the garden of Eden. The religious text: "For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive." (1 Corinthians 15:22). The image is taken from "The Child's Guide" (London, 1725).Deborah Trask, p. 61{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/markers12asso|title=Markers|date=September 9, 1980|publisher=[Worcester?, Mass.] : Association for Gravestone Studies|via=Internet Archive}}{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/newenglandprimer00ford|title=The New-England primer; a history of its origin and development; with a reprint of the unique copy of the earliest known edition and many facsimile illustrations and reproductions|first=Paul Leicester|last=Ford|date=September 9, 1897|publisher=New York : Printed for Dodd, Mead and co.|via=Internet Archive}}

Depictions in media

In Lucy Maud Montgomery's Anne of the Island, Anne moves to Kingsport (Halifax, Nova Scotia) on the mainland and enrols at Redmond (Dalhousie University).{{Cite web|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/51/51-h/51-h.htm|title=Anne of the Island, by Lucy Maud Montgomery|website=www.gutenberg.org|access-date=2016-11-20}} She takes lodgings in an apartment that looks out over "Old St. John's Cemetery" – the Old Burying Ground:

They went in by the entrance gates, past the simple, massive, stone arch surmounted by the great lion of England.... They found themselves in a dim, cool, green place where winds were fond of purring. Up and down the long grassy aisles they wandered, reading the quaint, voluminous epitaphs, carved in an age that had more leisure than our own.
The text goes into some depth about the gravestone carvings and styles:
Every citizen of Kingsport feels a thrill of possessive pride in Old St. John’s, for, if he be of any pretensions at all, he has an ancestor buried there, with a queer, crooked slab at his head, or else sprawling protectively over the grave, on which all the main facts of his history are recorded. For the most part no great art or skill was lavished on those old tombstones. The larger number are of roughly chiselled brown or gray native stone, and only in a few cases is there any attempt at ornamentation. Some are adorned with skull and cross-bones, and this grizzly decoration is frequently coupled with a cherub’s head. Many are prostrate and in ruins. Into almost all Time’s tooth has been gnawing, until some inscriptions have been completely effaced, and others can only be deciphered with difficulty. The graveyard is very full and very bowery, for it is surrounded and intersected by rows of elms and willows, beneath whose shade the sleepers must lie very dreamlessly, forever crooned to by the winds and leaves over them, and quite undisturbed by the clamor of traffic just beyond.

See also

References

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