Old Deer Park

The park is bounded generally by the River Thames to the west, Kew Gardens to the north and, across a trunk road, urban areas of Richmond town to the east and south. Owned by the Crown Estate, the park forms part of a larger retained historic and biodiverse landscape incorporating part of Richmond, Kew and Isleworth.{{cite web|url=http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/urban/our-portfolio/regional/regional-assets/|title=Our Portfolio|publisher=Crown Estate|access-date=19 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018064647/http://thecrownestate.co.uk/urban/our-portfolio/regional/regional-assets/|archive-date=18 October 2012|url-status=dead}} The lowest, western parts of the park constitute flood storage areas, which provide emergency flood relief around Richmond semi-tidally submerged Lock.

Old Deer Park's heritage as a historic royal landscape in a favoured riverside location has become compromised over recent decades by instances of inappropriate recreational and parking development, general neglect, and insufficient control of tree planting. A long-term strategy is now being implemented to arrest and reverse this decline.

In the mid-16th century, Richmond Palace was a favourite residence of Queen Elizabeth I and in 1574 she granted "Our park of Isleworth otherwise called the Newe Parke of Richmonde" to Edward Bacon. This statement was made even though Isleworth parish and manor lay on the Middlesex bank opposite the Surrey bank of Richmond — the Abbey of Syon in Isleworth was tied to that of Sheen on the other respective bank, which had jointly for centuries owned the estate.

Queen Elizabeth died at Richmond in 1603. Later that year her successor, King James I of England, established a hunting park by adding monastic land to the existing park and creating an enlarged area of {{convert|370|acre|km2}}. This then became known as The New Park of Richmond. The present name "Old Deer Park" was adopted after 1637 when James's son King Charles I established the much larger Richmond Park on the other side of the town. During the eighteenth century Richmond Lodge was located in the Park, which served as the summer home of George, Prince of Wales (the future George II) and his wife Princess Caroline following their dispute with his father George I.

The majority of the park is now occupied by the Royal Mid-Surrey Golf Club, and this has been so since 1892.{{cite web |url=https://www.rmsgc.co.uk/heritage|title=Heritage |publisher=Royal Mid-Surrey Golf Club |access-date=26 April 2021}} Within the club's boundaries are two 18-hole courses, plus a separate area within which lies the Grade I listed King's Observatory,{{National Heritage List for England |num=1357729 |desc=Kew Observatory|date = 10 January 1950|access-date=11 April 2016}} established by King George III in 1769. To the south-west of the Observatory, under the fairway of the 14th hole of the outer golf course, lie the foundations of the former Carthusian Sheen Priory, founded by Henry V in 1414.{{cite book |last=Cloake |first=John |author-link=John Cloake |title=Richmond's Great Monastery, The Charterhouse of Jesus of Bethlehem of Shene |publisher=Richmond Local History Society |volume=6 |date=November 1990 |page=51 (diagram) | isbn=978-0950819860}}

Construction of the railway line westwards from Richmond Station in 1847/8 restricted the access from Richmond Green to Old Deer Park, except for one narrow bridge. Eighty-five years later a new arterial road (the "Great Chertsey Road"), complete with a high ramped approach to a new bridge over the Thames (Twickenham Bridge – built in 1933), was also constructed across the southern end of the park, close to and roughly parallel with the railway. This heightened the sense of separation between town and park – alleviating this problem is also part of the new strategy.

Beside the River Thames in the park are a pair of stone obelisks. They were built in 1769, and were originally installed to align telescopes used by the King's Observatory to observe the transit of Venus across the Sun that year.{{cite web|url=http://www.stmgrts.org.uk/archives/2011/11/the_obelisks.html|title=The Obelisks|publisher=St Margaret's Community site|date = 3 November 2011|access-date=3 October 2020}}

The park was used to accommodate 5,000 of the 8,000 Scouts attending the 1st World Scout Jamboree in 1920.{{Cite news |date=9 August 1920 |title=Scouts' Farewell |page=8 |work=Evening Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/114500555/scouts-farewell/ |via=Newspapers.com|access-date = 31 December 2024}}{{Cite news |date=28 July 1920 |title=The Scouts' Programme |page=6 |work=Evening Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/114499455/the-scouts-programme/ |via=Newspapers.com}} The public open spaces are occasionally used for circuses, funfairs and other events.

File:View from atop the pagoda (14724077709).jpg

{{Main|Old Deer Park cricket ground}}

Old Deer Park has been used a venue for cricket since 1864 by Richmond Cricket Club (founded 1862),{{cite web |title=Club Grounds |url=https://www.richmondcricketclub.com/a/about-us-43301.html?page=1 |website=Richmond Cricket Club}}{{cite web |title=RCC Through the Ages - Chapter 2 - RCC is born |url=https://www.richmondcricketclub.com/a/rcc-through-the-ages-58994.html?page=2 |website=Richmond Cricket Club}} including for matches against international touring teams.{{cite web |title=Other matches played on Old Deer Park, Richmond |url=http://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Grounds/11/709_misc.html |website=Cricket Archive |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412030233/http://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Grounds/11/709_misc.html |archive-date=12 April 2016 |url-access=subscription}}

Despite historically being within Surrey, the cricket ground has held some home games of Middlesex County Cricket Club, including occasional List A and T20 Blast matches between 2000 and 2019.{{cite web |title=List A Matches played on Old Deer Park, Richmond |url=http://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Grounds/11/709_a.html |website=Cricket Archive |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235155/http://cricketarchive.com:80/Archive/Grounds/11/709_a.html |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-access=subscription}}{{cite web |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Grounds/11/709_tt.html |title=Twenty20 Matches played on Old Deer Park | website=Cricket Archive |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901074249/http://cricketarchive.com:80/Archive/Grounds/11/709_tt.html |archive-date=1 September 2022 |url-access=subscription}}

The rugby ground at the Old Deer Park is the home of London Welsh Amateur RFC.{{cite web |title=The rise of London Welsh |url=https://www.wru.wales/2020/04/the-rise-of-london-welsh/ |website=Welsh Rugby Union |date=7 April 2020}} It was previously the home of London Welsh RFC from 1957 to 2013{{cite news |title=London Welsh to ditch Old Deer Park |url=https://www.espn.com/rugby/story/_/id/15332052/london-welsh-ditch-old-deer-park |work=ESPN |date=4 November 2013}} and from 2015 to 2017,{{cite news |title=London Welsh name Old Deer Park as 2015-16 home ground |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-union/33285628 |work=BBC Sport |date=26 June 2015}} when the professional London Welsh club was dissolved.{{cite news |title=London Welsh: RFU refuses permission for Exiles to stay in Championship |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-union/38736486 |work=BBC Sport |date=24 January 2017}}

The rugby ground has a capacity of 5,850,{{cite news |title=London Welsh keen to purchase Kassam Stadium |url=https://www.espn.com/rugby/story/_/id/15326225/london-welsh-keen-purchase-kassam-stadium |work=ESPN |date=4 January 2013}} with 1,000 seats.{{cite news |last1=Dyer |first1=Lucy |title=London Welsh unveils five-year plan to return to National Leagues following RFU expulsion |url=https://www.swlondoner.co.uk/sport/10052017-london-welsh-national-leagues-return |work=SW Londoner |date=10 May 2017}}

File: Pools in the Park, Richmond - geograph.org.uk - 1618785.jpg ]]

Accessed from the A316:

• Informal sport area, with open recreation areas, football, rugby and other pitches
• Royal Mid-Surrey Golf Club courses
• King's Observatory
• Richmond Athletic Ground, home to Richmond rugby club
• Richmond Swimming Pool & Lido, now called Pools on the Park{{cite web |url=https://www.richmond.gov.uk/services/sports/our_sports_and_fitness_centres/pools_on_the_park|title = Pools on the Park|publisher=London Borough of Richmond upon Thames|access-date=26 April 2021}}
• Public car park and miscellaneous commercial buildings

Accessed from the A307:

• Sports Ground with rugby, cricket, tennis, archery and bowls{{cite web |url=http://www.olddeerpark.co.uk/sitePages.asp?step=4&navID=8&contentID=7 |title=Old Deer Park |publisher = Old Deer Park Sports Ground|access-date=26 April 2021}}

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{{coord|51.4692|-0.31068|region:GB_type:landmark_scale:5000_source:OSOpenDtataStreetView|display=title}}

{{Commons-inline|Category:Old Deer Park, Richmond|Old Deer Park}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20160815181428/http://www.richmond.gov.uk/home/services/parks_and_open_spaces/find_a_park/park_details.htm?parkId=218 London Borough of Richmond upon Thames: Old Deer Park]

{{Green London}}

{{LB Richmond}}

{{RFU Championship Venues}}

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Category:1603 establishments in England

Category:Buildings and structures on the River Thames

Category:Crown Estate

Category:Deer hunting

Category:Obelisks in England

Old Deer Park

Category:Old Palace Lane

Category:Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames

Category:Rugby union stadiums in London

Category:Sport in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames