Richmond Green

{{for|the park and sports centre in Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada|Richmond Green (Richmond Hill, Ontario)}}

{{Infobox park

| name = Richmond Green

| photo = Fountain_Richmond_Green.jpg

| photo_width = 150

| photo_caption = Grade II listed{{National Heritage List for England |num=1065308 |desc=Drinking fountain at south corner of the Green|access-date= 12 September 2016}} drinking fountain on Richmond Green

| type = Village green

| location = London

| area = 12 acres

| created =

| operator = London Borough of Richmond upon Thames

| status = Open all year

}}

Richmond Green is a recreation area near the centre of Richmond, a town of about 20,000 inhabitants situated in south-west London. Owned by the Crown Estate, it is leased to the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames.{{cite web |url=http://www.richmond.gov.uk/old_deer_park_richmond_1_20.pdf |title=Old Deer Park Richmond: Landscape Strategy |publisher=Kim Wilkie Associates |date=September 1999|access-date= 12 September 2016}} The Green, which has been described as "one of the most beautiful urban greens surviving anywhere in England",{{cite book | title=The Buildings of England – London 2: South | publisher=Penguin Books | author=Cherry, Bridget and Pevsner, Nikolaus | year=1983 | location=London | page=521 | isbn=0-14-0710-47-7}} is roughly square in shape and its open grassland, framed with broadleaf trees, extends to roughly twelve acres (5 hectares). On the north-east side there is also a smaller open space called Little Green.{{cite web | url=https://www.richmond.gov.uk/services/libraries/branch_libraries/local_studies_collection/local_history_notes/richmond_green_properties/richmond_green_old_palace_lane_to_the_old_deer_park_gates| title=Richmond Green properties: Old Palace Lane to the Old Deer Park Gates | publisher=London Borough of Richmond upon Thames | work=Local History Notes – Richmond Green: Properties | date=1 May 2018 | access-date=17 October 2023}} Richmond Green and Little Green are overlooked by a mixture of period townhouses, historic buildings and municipal and commercial establishments including the Richmond Lending Library and Richmond Theatre.

On summer weekends and public holidays the Green attracts many residents and visitors. It has a long history of hosting sporting events: from the 16th century onwards tournaments and archery contests have taken place on the Green, while cricket matches have been played since the mid-18th century,{{cite web | url=https://www.richmond.gov.uk/services/libraries/branch_libraries/local_studies_collection/local_history_notes/richmond_green_properties| title= Richmond Green: Properties| publisher=London Borough of Richmond upon Thames | work=Local History Notes | date=28 June 2023 | access-date=17 October 2023}} continuing to the present day.

History and description

File:Richmond 20931.JPG

File:Railings at 11 Richmond Green.jpg

File:Fragment of the Old Palace, Richmond - geograph.org.uk - 508144.jpg

Jousting tournaments took place on Richmond Green in the Middle Ages, when English monarchs were living in or visiting what is now called Richmond.{{cite web | url=http://www.forg.org.uk/history/ | title=History | publisher=Friends of Richmond Green | access-date=13 September 2016}} For over 400 years, Richmond Green has been edged by houses and commercial premises – built to provide accommodation for people serving or visiting Richmond Palace. In 1625 Charles I brought his court here to escape the plague in London and by the early 18th century these had become the homes of "minor nobility, diplomats, and court hangers-on".

The construction of the railway in the mid-19th century cut the Green off from Old Deer Park, and led to the building of Victorian villas for the more prosperous commuters to London. The A316 road, built in the early 20th century, worsened this separation.

Today the northern, western and southern sides of the Green are residential while the eastern side, linking with Richmond's high street, George Street, is largely retail and commercial. Public buildings line the eastern side of Little Green and pubs and cafés cluster in the corner by Paved Court and Golden Court – two of a number of alleys that lead from the Green to George Street. These alleys are lined with mostly privately owned boutiques.

To the west of the Green is Old Palace Lane, running gently down to the river.Robinson, Derek; Fowler, Simon (2020). Old Palace Lane: Medieval to Modern Richmond. (Second ed.) Richmond Local History Society and Museum of Richmond. {{ISBN |978-1-912314-02-7}}. Adjoining to the left is the renowned terrace of well-preserved three-storey houses known as Maids of Honour Row. These were built in 1724 for the maids of honour (trusted royal wardrobe servants) of Queen Caroline, the queen consort of George II. As a child, Richard Burton, the Victorian explorer, lived at number 2.{{cite web | url= https://www.richmond.gov.uk/services/libraries/branch_libraries/local_studies_collection/local_history_notes/richmond_green_properties/richmond_green_brewers_lane_to_paved_court| title=Sir Richard Burton and Lady Isabel Burton | publisher=London Borough of Richmond upon Thames | work=Local history notes | date=20 September 2022 | access-date=17 October 2023}}

Buildings

Richmond Green, usually "The Green", is also a street address. Numbers 1–6, 11–12 and 32, Richmond Green are all Grade II* listed.{{National Heritage List for England |num=1065311 |desc=1, Richmond Green|access-date= 12 September 2016}}{{National Heritage List for England |num=1065312 |desc=2–6, Richmond Green|access-date= 12 September 2016}}{{National Heritage List for England |num=1181111 |desc=12, Richmond Green|access-date= 12 September 2016}}{{National Heritage List for England |num=1357770 |desc=32, Richmond Green|access-date= 12 September 2016}} Numbers 7–10 Richmond Green are all Grade II listed,{{cite web | url=http://www.richmond.gov.uk/home/services/libraries/branch_libraries/local_studies_collection/local_history_notes/richmond_green_properties/richmond_green_duke_street_to_brewers_lane.htm | title=Richmond Green properties: Duke Street to Brewers Lane (Greenside) | publisher=London Borough of Richmond upon Thames | work=Local History Notes – Richmond Green: Properties | date=22 October 2020 | access-date=19 February 2022}}{{National Heritage List for England |num=1065347 |desc=7, Richmond Green|access-date= 30 September 2021}}{{National Heritage List for England |num=1285176 |desc=8 and 9, Richmond Green|access-date= 12 September 2016}}{{National Heritage List for England |num=1357746 |desc=10, Richmond Green|access-date= 12 September 2016}} as are nos 14–18, 21–25 and 29–31.{{cite web | url=https://www.richmond.gov.uk/services/libraries/branch_libraries/local_studies_collection/local_history_notes/richmond_green_properties/richmond_green_brewers_lane_to_paved_court | title=Richmond Green properties: Brewers Lane to Paved Court (Greenside) | publisher=London Borough of Richmond upon Thames | work=Local History Notes – Richmond Green: Properties | date=22 October 2020 | access-date=17 October 2023}} The ornamental iron railings at no 11 are Grade II* listed.{{National Heritage List for England |num=1065348 |desc=No. 11, and Railings|access-date= 29 September 2016}} 8, Richmond Green, is the location of the Richmond Charities, which manages Richmond's almshouses. The Cricketers public house is between 24, Richmond Green and 25, Richmond Green. Another public house, The Prince's Head, is at 28, Richmond Green.

Next to No. 33 is a row of six terraced houses, known as Old Palace Terrace. All seven houses are Grade II* listed.{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1065312 |desc=2 to 6 Old Palace Terrace|date = 10 January 1950|access-date= 23 February 2022}} Number 5 was the home of James Stephen Rigaud, Assistant Observer at the King's Observatory.

The late 19th-century drinking fountain at the south corner of Richmond Green is Grade II listed. It was restored in 2021.{{Cite web |date=24 September 2021 |title=Drinking fountain on Richmond Green restored with funding from Civic Pride Fund |url=https://www.richmond.gov.uk/news/september_2021/richmond_green_drinking_fountain_restored |access-date=30 September 2021 |website=London Borough of Richmond upon Thames}}

A pair of K6 red telephone boxes at the south corner are also Grade II listed,{{National Heritage List for England |num=1261332 |desc=Pair of K6 telephone kiosks|access-date= 12 September 2016}} as is a lamp standard outside 1, Richmond Green.{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1357744 |desc=Lamp standard|access-date= 12 September 2016}}

The houses on the south-western side of the Green include Maids of Honour Row. The houses, and their gates and railings, at nos 1–4 Maids of Honour Row are Grade I listed.{{National Heritage List for England |num=1065317 |desc=Gates and Railings to Maids of Honour Row/Maids of Honour Row |access-date=19 September 2016}} The Wardrobe and the Gate House, both Grade I listed,{{National Heritage List for England |num=1065318 |desc=The Gate House The Old Palace |access-date=9 July 2015}}{{National Heritage List for England |num=1357730 |desc=The Wardrobe |access-date=9 July 2015}} are surviving structures from Henry VII's Richmond Palace. The Gate House was built in 1501, and was let on a 65-year lease by the Crown Estate Commissioners in 1986. The Trumpeters' House, which is also Grade I listed,{{National Heritage List for England |num=1357749 |desc=The Trumpeters' House, Old Palace Yard |access-date=9 July 2015}} is an early 18th-century house built on the site of Richmond Palace's Middle Gate.

=Pembroke Villas and Portland Terrace=

The street bounding Richmond Green on the north-west is called Pembroke Villas, comprising five pairs of large semi-detached Victorian villas, formerly the site of the house of the Dutchman Sir Matthew Decker, 1st Baronet (1679–1749). It descended to his grandson Richard FitzWilliam, 7th Viscount FitzWilliam (1745–1816) of Mount Merrion, Dublin, Ireland, who named it "FitzWilliam House" and there formed his famous art collection and by his will founded the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge. The monument to Sir Matthew Decker and Richard FitzWilliam survives against the external wall of St Mary Magdalene's Church, Richmond. FitzWilliam's heir was his cousin George Herbert, 11th Earl of Pembroke (1759–1827), of Wilton House in Wiltshire, who renamed the house "Pembroke House". It was demolished in 1840. Numbers 1 to 10, Pembroke Villas are Grade II listed.{{National Heritage List for England |num=1065319 |desc=Pembroke Villas |access-date=19 September 2016}}

The street running along the north east of the Green, where it joins Pembroke Villas, is called Portland Terrace. Numbers 1 to 4, Portland Terrace are Grade II listed.{{National Heritage List for England |num=1357771|desc=Portland Terrace |access-date=19 September 2016}}

Between Pembroke Villas and Portland Terrace is a gate that used to be the entrance to Old Deer Park and is now open only to pedestrians. Just a few yards beyond the gate, a footbridge crosses the railway to lead to Old Deer Park Car Park. Portland Terrace runs past Little Green to become Duke Street, where Duke Street Church is located.

Cricket on the Green

File:The Cricketers, The Green, Richmond, Surrey.jpg

The Green was a popular venue for cricket matches by the 18th century. The earliest reference to cricket on Richmond Green is from a letter in May 1666 by Sir Robert Paston to his wife mentioning that their son played in "a game of criquett (sic) on Richmond Green".{{cite web |url=https://norfolkrecordofficeblog.org/2016/06/30/cricket-in-19th-century-norfolk-the-legend-of-fuller-pilch/ |title=Cricket in 19th century Norfolk: the legend of Fuller Pilch |publisher=Norfolk Record Office |date=30 June 2016 |access-date=30 March 2022}} A photo of the letter is in the source.

The Green is presently home to two village cricket teams each affiliated to a Richmond pubs, The Prince's Head and The Cricketers. Midweek matches are contested in the modern limited overs format of Twenty20 usually on a Tuesday or Thursdays, where surrounding village teams compete for the Len Smith Charity Shield.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}}

Richmond Green in art

Two watercolours by Edward Walker, made in 1942, showing nos 10, 11 and 12 Richmond Green{{cite web | url=https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O596336/nos-10-11-12-richmond-watercolour-walker/#.U-eFHvkFGTM.facebook | title=Nos 10, 11 & 12 Richmond Green, Surrey; Recording Britain | publisher=Victoria and Albert Museum | work=Search the collections | access-date=10 August 2014}} and the south side of the Green,{{cite web | url=https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O596335/south-side-of-the-green-drawing-walker/#.U-eEhbwI8d0.facebook | title=South Side of the Green, Richmond; Recording Britain | publisher=Victoria and Albert Museum | work=Search the collection | access-date=10 August 2014}} are in the Recording Britain collection at the Victoria and Albert Museum.

Societies

The Friends of Richmond Green, an amenity action group, seek to "protect and enhance the Green for local residents, visitors and future generations".{{cite web | url=http://www.forg.org.uk/ | title=Welcome to the Friends of Richmond Green | publisher=Friends of Richmond Green | access-date=13 September 2016}}

Gallery

Image:Richmond Green 5260-6s.jpg|View of the northern half of Richmond Green, showing Pembroke Villas and Portland Terrace

File:Splendid Victorian Houses on Richmond Green, London-5057587834.jpg|Houses on Portland Terrace

File:Houses_At_Richmond_Green,_London-95369622.jpg|The south corner of Richmond Green

File:Richmond Green, London-geograph-2621535-by-Philip-Halling.jpg|Footpaths crossing Richmond Green

File:North side of Richmond Green-geograph-2498025-by-Marathon.jpg| Park Gates House, in Pembroke Villas, is next to the old entrance to Old Deer Park

Image:Map-richmondgreen.png