Only Unity Saves the Serbs

File:Ocilo.svg]]

File:Montenegrin cap.jpg.]]

According to legend,{{Citation needed|date=March 2019}}{{year needed|date=March 2019}} the origin of the С-shaped Serbian cross lies with Saint Sava, the first Archbishop of the autocephalous Serbian Church and the patron saint of Serbs, who based his design on the Byzantine original.{{sfn|Falina|2013|p=243}} The association of the motto with Saint Sava originates with the 1882 poem "The Death of Saint Sava" ({{Lang|sr|Smrt svetog Save}}) by Milorad Šimić. Saint Sava is said{{Clarify|date=March 2019}} to have uttered it to urge the Serbs to declare national autonomy and resist domination by the Roman Catholic Church.{{sfn|Merrill|2001|p=161}}

The popular interpretation of the four С's as '{{Lang|sr|Само Слога Србина Спасава}}' on the Serbian coat of arms dates to the 19th century, created due to nationalistic and political reasons. Jovan Sterija Popović in his 1847 dramatic historical allegory "The Dream of Prince Marko" ({{Lang|sr|San Kraljevića Marka}}) was the first to state that the firesteels were to be read as four С's, which "pious patriotic souls have already took for sure" as said by Đorđe Petrović{{Who|date=December 2024}} in the 1881 edition of {{Interlanguage link|Srbadija Illustrated magazine for entertainment and education|lt=Srbadija magazine|sr|Србадија. Илустрован лист за забаву и поуку}}.{{cite book|author=SANU |title=Posebna izdanja |volume=295|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=IA_0ouM0CKYC |publisher=SANU |year=1957 |page=136}} Author Biljana Vankovska argues that the first interpretation of the acronym СССС was "Serbia Alone Saved Herself" ({{Lang|sr|Sama Srbija sebe spasila}}), which then changed to "Only Unity Saves the Serbs" ({{Lang|sr|Samo sloga Srbe spasava}}), reflecting the growing national fear of internal enemies.{{when|date=November 2016}}{{sfn|Vankovska|2000|pp=6–7}}{{sfn|MacDonald|2002|pp=70–71}} In the 1860 poem "Echoes of gusles" ({{Lang|sr|Jeka od gusala}}), Jovan Dragašević wrote "Only concord saves the Serb, so it is written for the Serb on the coat of arms" ({{Lang|sr|Samo sloga Srbina spasacva, tako Srbu piše i na grbu}}).{{cite journal|last=Radojčić|first=Stevan|title="Кронографија" Јована Драгашевића|year=2016|editor=Dimitrijević, M. S.|journal=Публ. Астр. друш. "Руђер Бошковић" - Зборник радова конференције "Развој астрономије код Срба VIII". Београд, 22–26. април 2014 |issue=16|pages=239–250|url= http://servo.aob.rs/eeditions/CDS/Razvoj%20astronomije%20kod%20Srba/8/pdfs-s/14.pdf}} Serbian poet and Orthodox priest Jovan Sundečić in the 1868 edition of {{Lang|sr|Osvetnici, ili nevina žrtva}} used "Only Unity saves Slavdom" ({{Lang|sr|Samo sloga Slavenstvo spašava}}).{{cite journal|last=Nikčević|first=M.|year=2010|title=Jovan Sundečić (1825–1900)|journal=Croatica et Slavica Iadertina|volume=6|issue=6|pages=339–350|doi=10.15291/csi.721 |url= http://hrcak.srce.hr/64655}} In the 1869 "Poems and traditions" ({{Lang|sr|Pesme i običai}}), a collection of poetry and traditions collected by Miloš S. Milojević, several interpretations are written.{{cite book|title=Pesme i običai ukupnog naroda srbskog: Skupio i izdao, M. S. Milojević|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=X8ZUAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA105|year=1869|publisher=[Dr.:] Držav. Štampar|pages=105–106}} In the introduction of Vladan Đorđević's 1919 "Emperor Stefan Dušan: Young ruler" ({{Lang|sr|Car Dušan: Mladi kralj}}), he writes "Because only unity saves, not only the Serb, but the Croat and Slovene, Orthodox, Catholics and Muslims".{{cite book|title=Car Dušan: Mladi kralj|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Ra4Dmaep1DwC|year=1919|publisher=Naklada Hrvatskog štamparskog zavoda|page=xx|quote=}}

The phrase is found in written on towels and engraved on gusle dating to the 1880s and 1890s.{{cite book|author=Медић Вјера|title=Писмо и традиција: натписи на етнографским предметима|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=mWiODgAAQBAJ&pg=PA28|publisher=Etnografski muzej u Beogradu|pages=28–|id=GGKEY:S5LX19GAHTW}}{{cite book|title=Narodni muzički instrumenti|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=7i44AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA88|year=1987|publisher=Etnografski muzej|pages=88–}} Allegedly, the motto was acronymed on the Montenegrin cap.{{cite journal|last=Barjaktarović|first=Mirko|title=Порекло и време настајања "црногорске" ношње|editor=Zečević, S.|journal=Гласник Етнографског музеја у Београду|volume=43|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=7YR2BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA133|publisher=Etnografski muzej u Beogradu|pages=133–|id=GGKEY:3EJL1KKYG38}}

The phrase was used in songs of the Serbian Sokol movement.{{cite book|author=Vojislav V. Rašić|title=Sokolijada: zbirka sokolskih pesama za deklamovanje radi podizanja sokolskog viteškog duha|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=l4o-wm9qzfAC|year=1930|publisher=Štampa "Gundulić"|pages=93, 136}}

During World War II, the Main Staff of Chetnik Detachments in Croatian-occupied Bosnia and Herzegovina used it as an appeal in their struggle.{{cite book|author=Mihailo Stanišić|title=Projekti "Velika Srbija"|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=nVYtAQAAIAAJ|year=2000|publisher=Službeni list SRJ|page=68|isbn=9788635504681}}

The СССС acronym began appearing in Serbian nationalist graffiti during the 1980s.{{sfn|Sell|2002|p=73}} In 1989, Serbian President Slobodan Milošević delivered his infamous Gazimestan speech before a large, stone Serbian cross bearing the СССС acronym.{{sfn|Sells|1998|pp=86–87}} In the early 1990s, as Yugoslavia began to disintegrate, Milošević's propaganda apparatus adopted the phrase.{{sfn|Sell|2002|p=73}} The СССС acronym form of the phrase was featured with the Serbian cross on the insignia of the Serbian Army of Krajina during the Croatian War and on the insignia of the Army of Republika Srpska during the Bosnian War.{{sfn|Meyer|2006|p=204}} The Serbian cross with the СССС acronym was also used as a wing and fuselage marking on aircraft used by the Republika Srpska Air Force.{{sfn|Elliott|Cochrane|1998|p=20}} The phrase was often scrawled on the walls of abandoned houses in towns captured by Serb forces, usually followed alongside the acronym JNA (for Yugoslav People's Army) and the names of individual soldiers.{{sfn|Rieff|1996|p=97}} In the immediate aftermath of the Yugoslav Wars, license plates throughout Republika Srpska featured the acronym. These were replaced several years later, following the introduction of nationwide license plates.{{sfn|Oliver|2005|p=154}}

Serbian singer-songwriter Bora Đorđević adapted the motto as the title to his song Samo sloga Srbina spasava, written during the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia.{{sfn|Vidić–Rasmussen|2007|p=65}}

In 2010, on the anniversary of the Battle of Loznica, Patriarch Irinej said that "only unity could save the Serb people, and nonunity could ruin it".{{cite web|title=Irinej: Samo sloga Srbina spasava|publisher=Vesti online|url= http://www.vesti-online.com/Vesti/Srbija/87303/Irinej-Samo-sloga-Srbina-spasava}}

In 2013, Slovene politician and EP member Jelko Kacin congratulated that Kosovo Serb representatives had united despite political differences, in a delegation to the EP, with the words "Bravo, Serbs, only unity saves the Serbs".{{cite web|title=Кацин: Само слога Србе спашава|publisher=RTV|url= http://rtv.rs/sr_ci/politika/kacin-samo-sloga-srbe-spasava_380795.html}}

An international conference of Serbian Orthodox youth with the name "Only unity saves Serbs" has been held in 2015{{cite web|title=Međunarodna konferencija srpske pravoslavne omladine u I.Sarajevu|publisher=RTRS|url= http://lat.rtrs.rs/vijesti/vijest.php?id=145839}} and 2016{{cite web|title=Konferencija "Samo sloga Srbina spašava"|publisher=Pale info|url= http://www.paleinfo.com/konferencija-samo-sloga-srbina-spasava/}} in Republika Srpska.

It is traditionally written in acronym form on a česnica, a type of Serbian Christmas bread, as well as in Easter egg decorating.{{cite book|title=Bulletin du Musée ethnographique de Beograd|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FWYNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA1-PA62|year=1956|publisher=Muzej|page=62}}

• List of Serbian mottos
• National symbols of Serbia

{{Notelist}}

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{{refend}}

{{National symbols of Serbia|state=collapsed}}

Category:Culture of Serbia

Category:National mottos

Category:Serbian nationalism

Category:Saint Sava

Category:Serb culture

Category:History of the Serbs