Onon (river)
{{Short description|River in Mongolia and Russia}}
{{about|the river in Mongolia and Russia||Onon (disambiguation)}}
{{refimprove|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox river
| name = Onon
| native_name ={{native name|mn|Онон гол}}
| name_other = Onon gol
| name_etymology =
| nickname = Queen Mother Onon
| image = OnonRiver.jpg
| image_size =
| image_caption = In Khentii Province
| map = Amurrivermap.png
| map_size =
| map_caption = The Onon joins the Shilka which joins the Amur
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_map_size =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 5
| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = Mongolia, Russia
| subdivision_type2 = Aimag
| subdivision_name2 = Khentii
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name3 =
| subdivision_type4 =
| subdivision_name4 =
| subdivision_type5 =
| subdivision_name5 =
| length = {{convert|1032|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| width_min =
| width_avg =
| width_max =
| depth_min =
| depth_avg =
| depth_max =
| discharge1_location=
| discharge1_min =
| discharge1_avg =
| discharge1_max =
| source1 = eastern Khentii Mountains
| source1_location =
| source1_coordinates= {{coord|48.8413|108.7883|region:MN_type:waterbody}}
| source1_elevation =
| mouth = Shilka
| mouth_location =
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|51|42|21|N|115|50|40|E|region:RU-ZAB_type:waterbody_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=it}}
| mouth_elevation =
| progression = {{RShilka}}
| basin_size = {{convert|96200|km2|abbr=on}}
| tributaries_left =
| tributaries_right =
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}}
The Onon{{efn|{{bulletedlist|Buryat and {{Langx|mn|Онон гол|Onon gol}}, {{IPA|mn|ɔ́nɞɴ‿ɢɜɬ|IPA}}|{{Langx|ru|Онон}} {{IPA|ru|ɐˈnon|}}}}}} is a river in Mongolia and Russia. It is {{convert|1032|km}} long, and has a drainage basin of {{convert|96200|km2}}.[http://bse.sci-lib.com/article084474.html Онон], Great Soviet Encyclopedia
Course
It originates at the eastern slope of the Khentii Mountains. For 298 km it flows within Mongolia, before entering the Khentei-Daur Highlands region of the Russian Far East flowing along the Stanovik Range. In its lower reaches it flows between the Mogoytuy (Могойтуйский хребет) and the Borshchovochny (Борщовочный хребет) mountain ranges. It joins with the Ingoda to form the Shilka.[https://world-science.ru/en/article/view?id=33225 The nature and Environmental problems in transboundary territory of Russia and Mongolia] Its river valley forms the eastern limit of the Khentei-Daur Highlands.[http://ez.chita.ru/encycl/concepts/?id=2581 Khentey, Small Encyclopedia of Transbaikalia] Its main tributaries are the Khurkhyn Gol, Borzya and Unda from the right, and the Agutsa, Kyra and Aga from the left.
The Onon—Shilka—Amur water system is one of the world's ten longest rivers, measuring 1,032 km + 560 km + 2,874 km.
In history
The upper Onon is one of the areas that are claimed to be the place where Genghis Khan was born and grew up. The seat of Genghis Khan was on the bank of river Onon.
The Secret History of the Mongols begins thus:{{cn|date=March 2025}} {{blockquote|"There came into the world a "Borte Chono" (blue-gray wolf) whose destiny was Heaven's will. His wife was a "Gua Maral" (beautiful fallow doe). They traveled across the inland sea and when they were camped near the source of the Onon River in sight of Burkhan Khaldun, their first son was born, named Bat Tsagaan."}}
Usage
In 2014, around 0.5 million m3 of water was withdrawn from the river for livestock, cropland and industrial use in Mongolia.{{cite web|date=July 2020|url=https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/institutional-document/618776/mongolia-country-water-security-assessment_0.pdf|title=Overview of Mongolia's Water Resources System and Management|website=Asian Development Bank|access-date=5 April 2025}}
See also
Notes
{{Notelist}}
References
{{Reflist}}
{{commons category}}
Category:Rivers of Zabaykalsky Krai
Category:International rivers of Asia
{{Mongolia-river-stub}}