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Operation Crosstie#Faultless

{{Short description|Series of 1960s US nuclear tests}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2018}}

{{Infobox nuclear weapons test

|name = Operation Crosstie

|picture = 300px

|picture_description = Crosstie Faultless, 1 megaton.

|country = United States

|test_site = {{plainlist|

  • Central Nevada
  • near Farmington, New Mexico
  • NTS Area 12, Rainier Mesa
  • NTS Area 19, 20, Pahute Mesa
  • NTS Area 30, Dome Mountain
  • NTS Areas 5, 11, Frenchman Flat
  • NTS, Areas 1–4, 6–10, Yucca Flat}}

|period = 1967–1968

|number_of_tests = 48

|test_type = cratering, underground shaft, tunnel

|max_yield = {{convert|1.3|MtTNT|lk=in}}

|previous_series = Operation Latchkey

|next_series = Operation Bowline

}}

{{GeoGroup|article=Operation Crosstie}}

Operation Crosstie was a series of 48 nuclear tests conducted by the United States in 1967–1968 at the Nevada Test Site. These tests followed the Operation Latchkey series and preceded the Operation Bowline series.

Nuclear tests

=Gasbuggy=

{{main|Gasbuggy}}

The blast designated Gasbuggy involved an underground detonation, intended to stimulate production of natural gas by cracking the rock in the underground formation of its deposit. The test proceeded as expected, but not only did the production not increase as much as expected, but the customers also refused to buy gas contaminated with traces of radioisotopes.

=Faultless=

The Faultless test was a calibration test conducted in a mine cavity 3,200 feet beneath the Hot Creek Valley near Tonopah, Nevada, with a yield of around 1 megaton. This test was conducted to see if the land was fit for testing a 5 megaton thermonuclear warhead for the Spartan missile.{{Cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-hometown-nuke28-2009jun28,0,1389110.story |title=latimes |website=Los Angeles Times |date=June 28, 2009 |access-date=April 16, 2020 |archive-date=July 2, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090702084132/http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-hometown-nuke28-2009jun28,0,1389110.story |url-status=live }} The test failed because of the large degree of faulting that resulted in the area around the test. It was decided that the land was unfit for multi-megaton nuclear tests, so a similar calibration test was conducted at Amchitka Island, Alaska, in the fall of 1969 during Operation Mandrel.

The 8 foot diameter steel pipe that was used to place the bomb remains at the test site. The top of the pipe was originally flush with the surface; however, the ground sank by nine feet following the explosion.{{Cite web|url=http://www.rachel-nevada.com/places/faultless.html|title=Project Faultless|access-date=October 12, 2018|archive-date=October 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012094443/http://www.rachel-nevada.com/places/faultless.html|url-status=live}} A plaque is mounted on the exposed pipe to commemorate the event.

File:Project Faultless Plaque.jpg

=Buggy=

Buggy was a Plowshare test designed to excavate a channel. It was a simultaneous detonation of 5 devices, placed {{convert|150|ft|m}} apart and {{convert|150|ft|m}} below the surface that resulted in a

[https://maps.google.com/maps?hl=en&ie=UTF8&t=h&ll=37.007685,-116.371715&spn=0.003538,0.003857&z=18 channel] {{convert|300|ft|m}} wide,

900 feet long, and {{convert|80|ft|m}} deep

.{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y3YR4jWyAPQC&pg=PA7 | title=The Politics of Energy Research and Development, Energy Policy Studies, Volume 3 | first1=John | last1=Byrne | first2=Daniel | last2=Rich | isbn=978-0-88738-653-4 | year=1986 | publisher=Transaction Publishers | access-date=November 5, 2016 | archive-date=February 15, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215092141/https://books.google.com/books?id=y3YR4jWyAPQC&pg=PA7 | url-status=live }} Or 65 feet deep and 254 feet wide, according to declassified U.S. film.{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZGXS_Qgfqno |title=Declassified U.S. Nuclear Test Film #35 c. 6:30 minutes |website=YouTube |access-date=August 30, 2015 |archive-date=June 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170613025106/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZGXS_Qgfqno |url-status=live }}

The USSR conducted a similar salvo-test to investigate the use of nuclear explosions in the construction of the Pechora–Kama Canal project. On March 23, 1971, three simultaneously detonated 15 kiloton underground nuclear charges were exploded in the Taiga test.[https://archive.today/20130203104006/http://www.sonicbomb.com/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=241 The Soviet Taiga PNE]

=Rickey=

Rickey was the first Los Alamos test to use a television PINEX (pin-hole neutron experiment) system. A fluor was imaged using a newtonian telescope which was split for imaging by two cameras by a beam splitter. The instrument package containing the television system was protected from neutrons and gamma rays by kinking the path between it and the nuclear device and by placing baffles along the optical path pipe.{{Cite report|publisher=Los Alamos National Labs|last=Betty L Perkins|title=Tracing the Origins of the W76: 1966-Spring 1973|docket=LA-14066-H|date=2003-11-03|page=III-30 to III-31|ref={{harvid|Tracing the Origins of the W76: 1966-Spring 1973}}|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Betty_L_Perkins_2003_Tracing_the_Origins_of_the_W76.pdf|access-date=18 November 2022|archive-date=February 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215091518/https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Betty_L_Perkins_2003_Tracing_the_Origins_of_the_W76.pdf|url-status=live}}

List of nuclear tests

The United States's Crosstie nuclear test series was a group of 48 nuclear tests conducted in 1967–1968. These tests A bomb test may be a salvo test, defined as two or more explosions "where a period of time between successive individual explosions does not exceed 5 seconds and where the burial points of all explosive devices can be connected by segments of straight lines, each of them connecting two burial points and does not exceed 40 kilometers in length".{{cite web|first=V. N.|last=Mikhailov|title=Catalog of World Wide Nuclear Testing|publisher=Begell-Atom|url=http://www.iss-atom.ru/ksenia/catal_nt/1.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426102201/http://www.iss-atom.ru/ksenia/catal_nt/1.htm|archive-date=April 26, 2014}} followed the Operation Latchkey series and preceded the Operation Bowline series.

{{see also|List of nuclear weapons tests of the United States}}

class="wikitable sortable"

|+ United States' Crosstie series tests and detonations

style="background:#ffdead;" | Name The US, France and Great Britain have code-named their test events, while the USSR and China did not, and therefore have only test numbers (with some exceptions – Soviet peaceful explosions were named). Word translations into English in parentheses unless the name is a proper noun. A dash followed by a number indicates a member of a salvo event. The US also sometimes named the individual explosions in such a salvo test, which results in "name1 – 1(with name2)". If test is canceled or aborted, then the row data like date and location discloses the intended plans, where known.

!style="background:#efefef;" | Date time (UT)

!style="background:#ffdead;" | Local time zoneTo convert the UT time into standard local, add the number of hours in parentheses to the UT time; for local daylight saving time, add one additional hour. If the result is earlier than 00:00, add 24 hours and subtract 1 from the day; if it is 24:00 or later, subtract 24 hours and add 1 to the day.{{cite web| title=Time Zone Historical Database| publisher=iana.com| url=http://www.ietf.org/timezones/| access-date=March 8, 2014| archive-date=March 11, 2014| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311224729/http://www.ietf.org/timezones/| url-status=live}}

!style="background:#efefef;" | LocationRough place name and a latitude/longitude reference; for rocket-carried tests, the launch location is specified before the detonation location, if known. Some locations are extremely accurate; others (like airdrops and space blasts) may be quite inaccurate. "~" indicates a likely pro-forma rough location, shared with other tests in that same area.

!style="background:#ffdead;" | Elevation + height Elevation is the ground level at the point directly below the explosion relative to sea level; height is the additional distance added or subtracted by tower, balloon, shaft, tunnel, air drop or other contrivance. For rocket bursts the ground level is "N/A". In some cases it is not clear if the height is absolute or relative to ground, for example, Plumbbob/John. No number or units indicates the value is unknown, while "0" means zero. Sorting on this column is by elevation and height added together.

!style="background:#efefef;" | Delivery Atmospheric, airdrop, balloon, gun, cruise missile, rocket, surface, tower, and barge are all disallowed by the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Sealed shaft and tunnel are underground, and remained useful under the PTBT. Intentional cratering tests are borderline; they occurred under the treaty, were sometimes protested, and generally overlooked if the test was declared to be a peaceful use.
Purpose Include weapons development, weapon effects, safety test, transport safety test, war, science, joint verification and industrial/peaceful, which may be further broken down.

!style="background:#efefef;" | DeviceDesignations for test items where known, "?" indicates some uncertainty about the preceding value, nicknames for particular devices in quotes. This category of information is often not officially disclosed.

!style="background:#ffdead;" | YieldEstimated energy yield in tons, kilotons, and megatons. A ton of TNT equivalent is defined as 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie).

!style="background:#efefef;" class="unsortable" | FalloutRadioactive emission to the atmosphere aside from prompt neutrons, where known. The measured species is only iodine-131 if mentioned, otherwise it is all species. No entry means unknown, probably none if underground and "all" if not; otherwise notation for whether measured on the site only or off the site, where known, and the measured amount of radioactivity released.

!style="background:#ffdead;" class="unsortable" | References

!style="background:#efefef;" class="unsortable" | Notes

Vito{{anchor|Vito}}

| {{dts|1967|7|14}} 13:30:00.08

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10ab {{coord|37.1652

116.0458|name=Vito|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001187

}{{convert|1278|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|90.83|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
safety experiment

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|less than 20 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Stanley{{anchor|Stanley}}

| {{dts|1967|7|27}} 13:00:00.12

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10g {{coord|37.14879|-116.04938|name=Stanley|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000781|}}{{convert|1265|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|483.72|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000220000|22 kt}}

| Venting detected, {{convert|37|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Gibson{{anchor|Gibson}}

| {{dts|1967|8|4}} 14:00:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3ew {{coord|37.02431|-116.01315|name=Gibson|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000945|}}{{convert|1186|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|240.76|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000015000|1.5 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Washer{{anchor|Washer}}

| {{dts|1967|8|10}} 14:10:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10r {{coord|37.15665|-116.04815|name=Washer|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000803|}}{{convert|1271|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|467.41|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|less than 20 kt}}

| Venting detected, {{convert|0.5|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Bordeaux{{anchor|Bordeaux}}

| {{dts|1967|8|18}} 20:12:30.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3dr {{coord|37.01219|-116.03717|name=Bordeaux|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000850|}}{{convert|1183|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|332.02|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000180000|18 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Lexington{{anchor|Lexington}}

| {{dts|1967|8|24}} 13:30:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U2bm {{coord|37.16266|-116.07504|name=Lexington|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001082|}}{{convert|1310|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|227.69|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000008000|800 t}}

| Venting detected, {{convert|1.1|kCi|TBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Door Mist{{anchor|Door Mist}}

| {{dts|1967|8|31}} 16:30:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U12g.07 {{coord|37.17751|-116.20982|name=Door Mist|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001859|}}{{convert|2295|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|435.86|m|abbr=on}}

| tunnel,
weapon effect

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000200000|20 kt}}

| Venting detected off site, {{convert|690|kCi|TBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Yard{{anchor|Yard}}

| {{dts|1967|9|7}} 13:45:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10af {{coord|37.15301|-116.0536|name=Yard|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000749|}}{{convert|1270|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|520.6|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000220000|22 kt}}

| Venting detected, {{convert|0.3|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Gilroy{{anchor|Gilroy}}

| {{dts|1967|9|15}} 17:30:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3ex {{coord|37.03484|-116.0216|name=Gilroy|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000950|}}{{convert|1191|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|240.63|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|less than 20 kt}}

| Venting detected

|

|

|-

! Marvel{{anchor|Marvel}}

| {{dts|1967|9|21}} 20:45:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10ds1 {{coord|37.16595|-116.03929|name=Marvel|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001113|}}{{convert|1288|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|174.35|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
peaceful research

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000022000|2.2 kt}}

| Venting detected on site, {{convert|27|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

| Plowshare – explore underground phenomena concerning emplacement techniques.

|-

! Zaza{{anchor|Zaza}}

| {{dts|1967|9|27}} 17:00:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U4c {{coord|37.09899|-116.05475|name=Zaza|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000573|}}{{convert|1240|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|667|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|001600000|160 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Lanpher{{anchor|Lanpher}}

| {{dts|1967|10|18}} 14:30:00.08

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U2x {{coord|37.11554|-116.05848|name=Lanpher|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000540|}}{{convert|1255|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|714.2|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|001600000|160 kt}}

| Venting detected, {{convert|5|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Cognac{{anchor|Cognac}}

| {{dts|1967|10|25}} 14:30:00.14

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3fm {{coord|37.04975|-116.04044|name=Cognac|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000961|}}{{convert|1202|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|240.39|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|less than 20 kt}}

| Venting detected on site, {{convert|0.064|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Sazerac{{anchor|Sazerac}}

| {{dts|1967|10|25}} 14:30:00.06

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3fa {{coord|37.0316|-116.02709|name=Sazerac|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000889|}}{{convert|1191|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|301.34|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000090000|9 kt}}

| Venting detected, {{convert|0.1|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Worth{{anchor|Worth}}

| {{dts|1967|10|25}} 14:45:00.08

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10ag {{coord|37.15629|-116.04946|name=Worth|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001072|}}{{convert|1269|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|197|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|less than 20 kt}}

| Venting detected, {{convert|40|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Cobbler{{anchor|Cobbler}}

| {{dts|1967|11|8}} 15:00:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U7u {{coord|37.09176|-116.03667|name=Cobbler|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000574|}}{{convert|1242|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|667.12|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000200000|20 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Polka{{anchor|Polka}}

| {{dts|1967|12|6}} 13:00:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10ai {{coord|37.15922|-116.05382|name=Polka|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001077|}}{{convert|1273|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|195.01|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000002000|200 t}}

| Venting detected, {{convert|380|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Gasbuggy{{anchor|Gasbuggy}}

| {{dts|1967|12|10}} 19:30:00.14

| style="text-align:center;" | MST (–7 hrs)
|| near Farmington, New Mexico {{coord|36.6778|-107.2089|name=Gasbuggy|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000889|}}{{convert|2179|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|1290|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
peaceful research

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000290000|29 kt}}

|

|

| Project Plowshare – stimulate gas production in a low permeability field.

|-

! Stilt{{anchor|Stilt}}

| {{dts|1967|12|15}} 15:00:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3fh {{coord|37.03666|-116.00273|name=Stilt|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000871|}}{{convert|1204|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|332.43|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000020000|2 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Hupmobile{{anchor|Hupmobile}}

| {{dts|1968|1|18}} 16:30:00.13

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U2y {{coord|37.14554|-116.06654|name=Hupmobile|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001040|}}{{convert|1287|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|246.89|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapon effect

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000074000|7.4 kt}}

| Venting detected off site, {{convert|120|kCi|TBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Staccato{{anchor|Staccato}}

| {{dts|1968|1|19}} 15:00:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10ah {{coord|37.15633|-116.05475|name=Staccato|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000828|}}{{convert|1272|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|443.48|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000500000|50 kt}}

| Venting detected, {{convert|8|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Faultless{{anchor|Faultless}}

| {{dts|1968|1|19}} 18:15:00.08

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| Central Nevada {{coord|38.63421|-116.21622|name=Faultless|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000886|}}{{convert|1866|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|980|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapon effect

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|010000000|1 Mt}}

|

|

| A calibration test for a 5 Mt Spartan test; due to geological failure (local faulting on the site), test Adagio cancelled, and moved to Amchitka Island in Alaska; see Milrow and Cannikin.

|-

! Brush{{anchor|Brush}}

| {{dts|1968|1|24}} 15:00:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3eq {{coord|37.04277|-116.01466|name=Brush|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001080|}}{{convert|1199|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|118.3|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|less than 20 kt}}

| Venting detected on site, {{convert|0.00002|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Cabriolet{{anchor|Cabriolet}}

| {{dts|1968|1|26}} 16:00:00.11

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U20l {{coord|37.28079|-116.51544|name=Cabriolet|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001810|}}{{convert|1862|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|51.82|m|abbr=on}}

| cratering,
peaceful research

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000023000|2.3 kt}}

| Venting detected off site, {{convert|220|kCi|TBq|abbr=on}}

|

| Project Plowshare – cratering mechanics in hard, dry rock, and radionuclide dispersal.

|-

! Mallet{{anchor|Mallet}}

| {{dts|1968|1|31}} 15:30:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3fv {{coord|37.00098|-116.01002|name=Mallet|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000936|}}{{convert|1177|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|240.27|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000040000|4 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Torch{{anchor|Torch}}

| {{dts|1968|2|21}} 15:00:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3fj {{coord|37.04161|-116.00269|name=Torch|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000969|}}{{convert|1210|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|240.55|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|less than 20 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Knox{{anchor|Knox}}

| {{dts|1968|2|21}} 15:30:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U2at {{coord|37.11633|-116.05508|name=Knox|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000608|}}{{convert|1253|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|644.8|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|002000000|200 kt}}

| Venting detected, {{convert|160|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Dorsal Fin{{anchor|Dorsal Fin}}

| {{dts|1968|2|29}} 17:08:30.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U12e.10 {{coord|37.18456|-116.21232|name=Dorsal Fin|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001849|}}{{convert|2260|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|410.06|m|abbr=on}}

| tunnel,
weapon effect

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000200000|20 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Russet{{anchor|Russet}}

| {{dts|1968|3|5}} 15:30:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U6a {{coord|36.97002|-116.05653|name=Russet|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001050|}}{{convert|1170|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|119.79|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|less than 20 kt}}

| Venting detected on site, {{convert|29|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Buggy - 1{{anchor|Buggy}}

| {{dts|1968|3|12}} 17:04:00.11

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U30a {{coord|37.00745|-116.37086|name=Buggy - 1|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001509|}}{{convert|1560|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|50.29|m|abbr=on}}

| cratering,
peaceful research

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000010800|1.1 kt}}

| Venting detected off site, {{convert|1.2|MCi|PBq|abbr=on}}

|

| Simultaneous, separate holes. Project Plowshare – row charge experiment.

|-

! Buggy - 2{{anchor|Buggy}}

| {{dts|1968|3|12}} 17:04:00.11

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U30b {{coord|37.00759|-116.37133|name=Buggy - 2|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001509|}}{{convert|1560|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|50.29|m|abbr=on}}

| cratering,
peaceful research

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000010800|1.1 kt}}

| Venting detected off site

|

| Simultaneous, separate holes. Project Plowshare – row charge experiment.

|-

! Buggy - 3{{anchor|Buggy}}

| {{dts|1968|3|12}} 17:04:00.11

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U30c {{coord|37.00773|-116.37181|name=Buggy - 3|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001510|}}{{convert|1561|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|50.29|m|abbr=on}}

| cratering,
peaceful research

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000010800|1.1 kt}}

| Venting detected off site

|

| Simultaneous, separate holes. Project Plowshare – row charge experiment.

|-

! Buggy - 4{{anchor|Buggy}}

| {{dts|1968|3|12}} 17:04:00.11

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U30d {{coord|37.00788|-116.37229|name=Buggy - 4|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001509|}}{{convert|1560|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|50.29|m|abbr=on}}

| cratering,
peaceful research

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000010800|1.1 kt}}

| Venting detected off site

|

| Simultaneous, separate holes. Project Plowshare – row charge experiment.

|-

! Buggy - 5{{anchor|Buggy}}

| {{dts|1968|3|12}} 17:04:00.11

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U30e {{coord|37.00803|-116.37277|name=Buggy - 5|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001509|}}{{convert|1560|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|50.29|m|abbr=on}}

| cratering,
peaceful research

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000010800|1.1 kt}}

| Venting detected off site

|

| Simultaneous, separate holes. Project Plowshare – row charge experiment.

|-

! Pommard{{anchor|Pommard}}

| {{dts|1968|3|14}} 15:19:00.06

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3ee {{coord|37.0477|-116.01155|name=Pommard|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000998|}}{{convert|1208|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|209.1|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000015000|1.5 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Stinger{{anchor|Stinger}}

| {{dts|1968|3|22}} 15:00:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U19l {{coord|37.33256|-116.31155|name=Stinger|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001367|}}{{convert|2035|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|667.76|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|001200000|120 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Milk Shake{{anchor|Milk Shake}}

| {{dts|1968|3|25}} 18:44:27.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U5k {{coord|36.87168|-115.932|name=Milk Shake|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000728|}}{{convert|993|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|264.57|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapon effect

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000100000|10 kt}}

| Venting detected on site, {{convert|30|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Bevel{{anchor|Bevel}}

| {{dts|1968|4|4}} 15:02:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3fu {{coord|37.0523|-116.02162|name=Bevel|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000964|}}{{convert|1205|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|240.75|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|less than 20 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Noor - 1 (with Throw){{anchor|Noor}}

| {{dts|1968|4|10}} 14:00:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U2be {{coord|37.15434|-116.07973|name=Noor - 1|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000928|}}{{convert|1310|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|381.81|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000200000|20 kt}}

| Venting detected, {{convert|1|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

| Simultaneous, separate holes.

|-

! Throw - 2 (with Noor){{anchor|Throw}}

| {{dts|1968|4|10}} 14:00:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U2bg {{coord|37.15667|-116.08323|name=Throw - 2|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001316|}}{{convert|1316|m|abbr=on}} + N/A

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000020000|2 kt}}

|

|

| Simultaneous, separate holes.

|-

! Shuffle{{anchor|Shuffle}}

| {{dts|1968|4|18}} 14:05:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10t {{coord|37.15236|-116.03826|name=Shuffle|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000785|}}{{convert|1279|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|493.47|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000200000|20 kt}}

| Venting detected, {{convert|19|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Scroll{{anchor|Scroll}}

| {{dts|1968|4|23}} 17:01:30.08

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U19n {{coord|37.33767|-116.37647|name=Scroll|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001803|}}{{convert|2032|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|228.6|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
joint verification

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000060000|6 kt}}

| Venting detected on site, {{convert|18|kCi|TBq|abbr=on}}

|

| Designed to test detection of underground nuclear tests; see Vela Uniform.

|-

! Boxcar{{anchor|Boxcar}}

| {{dts|1968|4|26}} 15:00:00.07

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U20i - {{coord|37.29488|-116.45714|name=Boxcar|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000753|}}{{convert|1914|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|1160.89|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|013000000|1.3 Mt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Hatchet{{anchor|Hatchet}}

| {{dts|1968|5|3}} 16:00:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3fz {{coord|37.02853|-116.0206|name=Hatchet|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000947|}}{{convert|1188|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|240.53|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000020000|2 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Crock{{anchor|Crock}}

| {{dts|1968|5|8}} 14:10:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10ak {{coord|37.15731|-116.03582|name=Crock|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001107|}}{{convert|1289|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|181.76|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000010000|1 kt}}

| Venting detected, {{convert|140|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Clarksmobile{{anchor|Clarksmobile}}

| {{dts|1968|5|17}} 13:00:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U2as {{coord|37.12001|-116.0597|name=Clarksmobile|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000786|}}{{convert|1259|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|472.65|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000200000|20 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Adze{{anchor|Adze}}

| {{dts|1968|5|28}} 14:45:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3fw {{coord|37.00861|-115.99614|name=Adze|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000947|}}{{convert|1188|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|240.03|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|less than 20 kt}}

| Venting detected on site

|

|

|-

! Wembley{{anchor|Wembley}}

| {{dts|1968|6|5}} 14:21:30.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3ey {{coord|37.03482|-116.01678|name=Wembley|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000952|}}{{convert|1191|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|238.09|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000015000|1.5 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Tub - 1{{anchor|Tub}}

| {{dts|1968|6|6}} 21:30:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10ajc {{coord|37.16743|-116.04336|name=Tub - 1|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001093|}}{{convert|1282|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|188.98|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|unknown yield}}

|

|

| Simultaneous, separate holes.

|-

! Tub - 2{{anchor|Tub}}

| {{dts|1968|6|6}} 21:30:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10ajb {{coord|37.16536|-116.04431|name=Tub - 2|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001279|}}{{convert|1279|m|abbr=on}} + N/A

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|unknown yield}}

|

|

| Simultaneous, separate holes.

|-

! Tub - 3{{anchor|Tub}}

| {{dts|1968|6|6}} 21:30:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10ajf {{coord|37.16535|-116.04155|name=Tub - 3|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001283|}}{{convert|1283|m|abbr=on}} + N/A

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|unknown yield}}

|

|

| Simultaneous, separate holes.

|-

! Tub - 4{{anchor|Tub}}

| {{dts|1968|6|6}} 21:30:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10ajd {{coord|37.16694|-116.04568|name=Tub - 4|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001005|}}{{convert|1278|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|273|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|unknown yield}}

| Venting detected, {{convert|1.6|kCi|TBq|abbr=on}}

|

| Simultaneous, separate holes.

|-

! Tub - 5{{anchor|Tub}}

| {{dts|1968|6|6}} 21:30:00.0

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U10aja {{coord|37.16693|-116.04293|name=Tub - 5|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001282|}}{{convert|1282|m|abbr=on}} + N/A

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|unknown yield}}

|

|

| Simultaneous, separate holes.

|-

! Rickey{{anchor|Rickey}}

| {{dts|1968|6|15}} 13:59:59.97

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U19c {{coord|37.26486|-116.31552|name=Rickey|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001432|}}{{convert|2116|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|683.28|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|002000000|200 kt}}

|

|

|

|-

! Funnel{{anchor|Funnel}}

| {{dts|1968|6|25}} 15:30:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3ga {{coord|37.04631|-116.03102|name=Funnel|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001080|}}{{convert|1199|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|118.7|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|less than 20 kt}}

| Venting detected on site, {{convert|0.00002|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Sevilla{{anchor|Sevilla}}

| {{dts|1968|6|25}} 15:30:00.04

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U3fk {{coord|37.04156|-115.99309|name=Sevilla|display=inline}}

| {{sort|000867|}}{{convert|1226|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|358.65|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000000000|less than 20 kt}}

| Venting detected on site, {{convert|0.004|Ci|GBq|abbr=on}}

|

|

|-

! Chateaugay{{anchor|Chateaugay}}

| {{dts|1968|6|28}} 12:22:00.08

| style="text-align:center;" | PST (–8 hrs)
|| NTS Area U20t {{coord|37.24547|-116.4838|name=Chateaugay|display=inline}}

| {{sort|001268|}}{{convert|1876|m|abbr=on}} – {{convert|607.02|m|abbr=on}}

| underground shaft,
weapons development

|

| style="text-align:center;" | {{sort|000580000|58 kt}}

|

|

|

|}

{{reflist|group=note}}

References

{{reflist|refs=

{{citation| last1=Yang| first1=Xiaoping| first2=Robert| last2=North| first3=Carl| last3=Romney| date=August 2000| title=CMR Nuclear Explosion Database (Revision 3)| publisher=SMDC Monitoring Research}}

{{citation| publisher=Sandia National Laboratories| date=July 1, 1994| title=Official list of underground nuclear explosions| url=http://nuclearweaponarchive.org/Usa/Tests/Nevada.html| access-date=December 18, 2013}}

{{citation| publisher=Department of Energy, Nevada Operations Office| date=December 1, 2000| title=United States Nuclear Tests: July 1945 through September 1992| type=DOE/NV-209 REV15| location=Las Vegas, NV| url=http://www.nv.doe.gov/library/publications/historical/DOENV_209_REV15.pdf| access-date=December 18, 2013| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061012160826/http://www.nv.doe.gov/library/publications/historical/DOENV_209_REV15.pdf| archive-date=October 12, 2006}}

{{citation| last=Bolt| first=Bruce A.| year=1976| title=Nuclear Explosions and Earthquakes: The Parted Veil| publisher=W.H. Freeman and Co.| location=San Francisco, CA}}

{{citation| publisher=DOE Nevada Operations Office| date=August 1996| title=Radiological Effluents Released from U.S. Continental Tests 1961 Through 1992 (DOE/NV-317 Rev. 1)| url=http://www.nv.doe.gov/library/publications/historical/DOENV_317.pdf| access-date=October 31, 2013| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103041622/http://www.nv.doe.gov/library/publications/historical/DOENV_317.pdf| archive-date=November 3, 2013}}

{{citation| url=http://www.cancer.gov/i131/fallout/Chapter2.pdf| access-date=January 5, 2014| title=Estimated exposures and thyroid doses received by the American people from Iodine-131 in fallout following Nevada atmospheric nuclear bomb tests, Chapter 2| publisher=National Cancer Institute| year=1997| archive-date=December 21, 2010| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101221175816/http://www.cancer.gov/i131/fallout/Chapter2.pdf| url-status=dead}}

{{citation| publisher=Defense Nuclear Agency, Department of Defense| location=Washington, DC| title=Operation Argus, 1958| year=1982| type=DNA6039F| url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112075683737;view=1up;seq=11| access-date=November 26, 2013| archive-date=November 16, 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116011950/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112075683737&view=1up&seq=11| url-status=live}}

{{citation| last1=Norris| first1=Robert Standish| first2=Thomas B.| last2=Cochran| date=February 1, 1994| title=United States nuclear tests, July 1945 to 31 December 1992 (NWD 94-1)| journal=Nuclear Weapons Databook Working Paper| publisher=Natural Resources Defense Council| location=Washington, DC| url=http://docs.nrdc.org/nuclear/files/nuc_02019401a_121.pdf| access-date=October 26, 2013| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029194805/http://docs.nrdc.org/nuclear/files/nuc_02019401a_121.pdf| archive-date=October 29, 2013}}

{{citation| last1=Hechanova| first1=Anthony E.| first2=James E.| last2=O'Donnell| date=September 25, 1998| title=Estimates of yield for nuclear tests impacting the groundwater at the Nevada Test Site| publisher=Nuclear Science and Technology Division}}

{{citation| url=http://www.nuclearweaponarchive.org/Usa/Tests| access-date=January 6, 2014| last=Sublette| first=Carey| title=Nuclear Weapons Archive}}

}}

{{US Nuclear Tests}}

Category:Explosions in 1967

Category:Explosions in 1968

Crosstie

Category:1967 in military history

Category:1968 in military history

Category:1967 in Nevada

Category:1968 in Nevada

Category:1967 in the environment

Category:1968 in the environment