Orange Bowl

In 1890, Pasadena, California, held its first Tournament of Roses Parade to showcase the city's mild weather compared to the harsh winters in northern cities. As one of the organizers said: "In New York, people are buried in snow. Here, our flowers are blooming and our oranges are about to bear. Let's hold a festival to tell the world about our paradise." In 1902, the annual festival was enhanced by adding an American football game.{{cite web|title=Tournament of Roses History |work=Pasadena Tournament of Roses |url=http://www.tournamentofroses.com/history/index.asp |access-date=5 December 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061202223149/http://www.tournamentofroses.com/history/index.asp |archive-date=December 2, 2006 }}

In 1926, leaders in Miami, Florida, decided to do the same with a "Fiesta of the American Tropics" that was centered around a New Year's Day football game. Although a second "Fiesta" was never held, Miami leaders, including Earnest E. Seiler, later revived the idea with the "Palm Festival" (with the slogan "Have a Green Christmas in Miami").{{cite web | title = History of the Orange Bowl | work = FedEx Orange Bowl | url = http://www.orangebowl.org/OB.php?sec=history | access-date = 5 December 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061103020056/http://www.orangebowl.org/OB.php?sec=history |archive-date = 3 November 2006}}

In 1932, George E. Hussey, official greeter of Miami, organized the first Festival of Palms Bowl, a predecessor of the Orange Bowl. With Miami suffering from both the Great Depression and the preceding Florida land bust, Hussey and other Miamians sought to help its economy by organizing a game similar to Pasadena's Rose Bowl.

Two games were played in this series at Moore Park in Miami, both pitting an invited opponent against a local team, the University of Miami. In the first game, played on January 2, 1933, Miami defeated Manhattan College 7–0. In the second game, played on New Year's Day 1934, Duquesne defeated Miami 33–7. Duquesne was coached by Elmer Layden, one of the Four Horsemen of Notre Dame.

These games are not recognized as bowl games by the NCAA because one team was guaranteed a berth regardless of record. However, following the success of these games, backers organized another game for New Year's Day 1935 under the Orange Bowl name. This game, unlike the Palm Festival Games, did not automatically grant a berth to one team, although the University of Miami was again a participant. For this reason, the 1935 Orange Bowl was later recognized by the NCAA as an official bowl game.Ours, Robert (2004). Bowl Games: College Football's Greatest Tradition, pg. 28

File:John F. Kennedy at the Orange Bowl (1963).jpg (lower center) at the 1963 Orange Bowl, January 1, 1963]]

File:Reagan with Miami Hurricanes football team 1988.jpg and the 1987 Miami Hurricanes football team won the 1988 Orange Bowl on January 1, 1988, giving the University of Miami its second national championship in the 1987 season. Later that month, Johnson and the Miami Hurricanes football team presented President Ronald Reagan with a University of Miami jersey at The White House]]

File:2008 Orange Bowl Trophy.jpg

The Orange Bowl was played at Miami Field[http://www.orangebowl.org/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=11800&KEY=&ATCLID=695751 History of the Orange Bowl]{{dead link|date=June 2014}} (located where Miami Orange Bowl was later built) from 1935 to 1937, the Miami Orange Bowl from 1938 to 1996, and again in 1999, and was moved to its current site, Hard Rock Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida, in December 1996. The game was played back at the namesake stadium in 1999 (which would be the final bowl game ever in the Miami Orange Bowl) because the game was played on the same day the Miami Dolphins hosted an NFL Wild Card Playoff game. Coincidentally, both of those games were aired on ABC.

On January 1, 1965, the Texas vs. Alabama Orange Bowl was the first college bowl game to be televised live in prime time.{{cite web |title=1965 Orange Bowl, Texas vs. Alabama: College Football Goes Primetime |url=http://barkingcarnival.fantake.com/2008/09/13/1965-orange-bowl-texas-vs-alabama-college-football-goes-primetime/ |website=Barking Carnival |date=September 13, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130817202715/http://www.barkingcarnival.com/2008/09/13/1965-orange-bowl-texas-vs-alabama-college-football-goes-primetime/ |archive-date=August 17, 2013 |access-date=December 7, 2015 |via=Wayback Machine}}

From 1954 onwards, the game usually featured the champion of the former Big Eight Conference. When the Big Eight Conference merged with four members of the defunct Southwest Conference in 1996, the newly formed Big 12 Conference moved its conference champion tie-in to the Fiesta Bowl. From 1998 to 2013, however, with the creation of the Bowl Championship Series system, team selection for the Orange Bowl was tied into the other three BCS Bowls and (from 2006 to 2013) the BCS National Championship Game.

From 1998 to 2005, the game hosted the champion of either the ACC or Big East conferences, unless they were invited to the National Championship game, or if the Orange Bowl itself was hosting the national championship matchup.

Starting with the 2006 season, the Orange Bowl has been exclusively tied with the ACC and has used the brand Home of the ACC Champion. As one of the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) bowl games, the site of the Orange Bowl also hosted the national championship game one week after the Orange Bowl game; it did so on a four-year rotating basis with the other three BCS games (the others being the Sugar, Fiesta, and Rose Bowls). The tie-in with the ACC continued with the inception of the College Football Playoff after the 2014 season. However, following the expansion to a 12-team playoff format, the Orange Bowl's official relationship with the ACC ended as all New Year's Six bowls became permanent playoff fixtures.

File:Helen Grossman Crowned Orange Bowl Queen 1966.jpg

From 1936 to 2001 (except for the World War II years), the Orange Bowl Committee also sponsored a parade. The very first King Orange Jamboree Parade was held the day before the 1936 game with 30 floats at an expense of $40,000 {{USDCY|40000|1936}}. An Orange Bowl Queen and court of Princesses was selected from young women who were residents of Florida. A coronation ball was held the beginning of the month of December before the game, and the queen and princesses would ride on a float during the parade on New Years Day and preside over the half-time show at the game. Babs Beckwith was chosen as the first Orange Bowl queen. Past Orange Bowl Queens include Victoria Principal and Jackie Nespral.{{cite web | url=https://communitynewspapers.com/coral-gables-news/remember-when-the-orange-bowl-had-a-queen/ | title=Remember when the Orange Bowl Had a Queen? | Coral Gables Community News# | date=8 March 2023 }}

In its heyday, the parade was a nighttime New Year's Eve tradition, televised nationally with lighted floats and displays going down part of Biscayne Boulevard in downtown Miami to crowds as high as 500,000 people in the 1970s. However ratings dropped and the national television contract was lost in 1997, causing the parade to quickly become a shell of its former self since there were no sponsors for the elaborate floats. Attendance dwindled as well; by the turn of the millennium, the parade was lucky to draw 20,000 people. As a result, the committee chose to bring this tradition to an end in early 2002.[http://www.sportbusiness.com/news/145363/orange-bowl-parade-halts] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130325085356/http://www.sportbusiness.com/news/145363/orange-bowl-parade-halts|date=March 25, 2013}}

The Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) is locked into a 12-year deal (2014–2025) with the Orange Bowl, so if the ACC champion qualifies for the playoffs in a year when the Orange Bowl is not a semifinal host, the next-highest ranked ACC team will play in the Orange Bowl. For the secondary tie-ins, the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and the Big Ten Conference are guaranteed three appearances each, and the University of Notre Dame can play in a maximum of two games, but is not guaranteed any appearances. The ACC team's opponent in a given year will be the highest-ranked available team from the SEC, Big Ten, and Notre Dame, subject to several constraints: the SEC and Big Ten champions are always excluded, and when an SEC and/or Big Ten team qualifies for the College Football Playoff, the next available team would also be excluded from participating in the Orange Bowl due to contractual obligations with the Sugar Bowl and Rose Bowl, respectively. Also, should a highest-ranked team create a rematch with the ACC team, the Orange Bowl has the option of passing over that team for the next-highest ranked team among the Big Ten, SEC, and Notre Dame, again subject to the noted constraints. Rankings are based on the College Football Playoff committee's rankings. ESPN holds the television rights for 12 years as well.{{cite web|url=http://www.dailypress.com/sports/teel-blog/dp-teel-time-acc-orange-sec-notre-dame,0,2436742.story|title=Teel Time: ACC, Orange Bowl Announce Ties with SEC, Big Ten, Notre Dame, ESPN|last1=Teel|first1=David|date=15 November 2012|website=Daily Press|access-date=17 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414014539/https://www.dailypress.com/sports/teel-blog/dp-teel-time-acc-orange-sec-notre-dame-story.html|archive-date=14 April 2019}}

All rankings are taken from the AP poll (inaugurated in 1936), before each game was played.

Source:{{cite magazine |url=http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/football_records/2020/Bowls.pdf |magazine=Bowl/All Star Game Records |title=Capital One Orange Bowl |page=4 |via=NCAA.org |publisher=NCAA |date=2020 |access-date=January 3, 2021}}

:{{note|BC|BC}} Denotes Bowl Coalition Championship Game

:{{note|BA|BA}} Denotes Bowl Alliance Championship Game

:{{note|BCS|BCS}} Denotes BCS National Championship Game

:{{note|QF|QF}} Denotes College Football Playoff quarterfinal game

:{{note|SF|SF}} Denotes College Football Playoff semifinal game

:{{double dagger}} Denotes a historical name for what is now Hard Rock Stadium

:{{dagger}} Due to an NFL scheduling conflict, the 1999 game was played at the Miami Orange Bowl

:{{dagger}}{{dagger}} USC vacated their 2005 victory due to NCAA sanctions

{{main|New Year's Six#Future games}}

The bowl first named an MVP in 1965. From 1970 through 1998, two MVPs were named for each game. Since 1999, only a single MVP is named, except when the game is part of the College Football Playoff, in which case both an offensive and defensive MVP are named.{{rp|20–22}}

{{col-begin}}

{{col-break}}

{{col-break}}

{{dagger}} CFP semifinal

{{col-end}}

Updated through the January 2025 edition (91 games, 182 total appearances).

;Teams with multiple appearances

{{col-begin}}

{{col-break}}

{{col-break}}

{{col-end}}

{{double dagger}} USC's win–loss record and winning percentage exclude their vacated 2005 win.

;Teams with a single appearance

Won (11): Bucknell, Catholic, Duquesne, Louisville, Rice, Santa Clara, Stanford, Tulsa, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin

Lost (14): Baylor, Boston College, Cincinnati, Georgetown, Holy Cross, Kentucky, Michigan State, Navy, North Carolina, Northern Illinois, Ole Miss, TCU, Virginia, Wake Forest

Updated through the January 2025 edition (91 games, 182 total appearances).

{{double dagger}} The Pac-12's win–loss record and winning percentage exclude USC's vacated 2005 win.

• Conferences that are defunct or not currently active in FBS appear in italics.
• Big Eight records include results when the conference was known as the Big Six and Big Seven.
• Pac-12 records include results when the conference was known as the Pacific-10.
• Multiple teams have played in the bowl as members of different conferences at different times:

{{reflist|group="A"}}

Source:{{cite web |url=https://www.orangebowl.org/assets/1/7/2019_Capital_One_Orange_Bowl_Media_Guide-proof2.pdf |title=Capital One Orange Bowl Media Guide |website=orangebowl.org |date=2019 |access-date=December 30, 2019}}{{rp|55–64}}

The game was previously officially known as the Discover Orange Bowl, since Discover Financial was announced as title sponsor on August 26, 2010, as part of a new four-year agreement.{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/college-football/news/story?id=5499209|title=Discover to sponsor Orange Bowl title slot|date=2010-08-26|publisher=ESPN}} The game had been called the FedEx Orange Bowl from 1989 to 2010, as FedEx sponsored the event during that period. Starting with the 2010–11 season, ESPN carried the Orange Bowl, replacing Fox after four seasons.[https://www.espn.com/college-football/news/story?id=3709030 Fox pulls out of bidding for next round of BCS games], ESPN.com ABC aired the game from 1999 to 2006, with CBS (1995–1998) and NBC (1964–1994) previously carrying the game.

Discover stated that they would not renew their sponsorship of the game further on June 9, 2014; the game will be a part of the College Football Playoff in the future, and CFP rightsholder ESPN has asked for higher sponsorship fees, in return.{{cite news|url=http://www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/Journal/Issues/2014/06/09/Colleges/Bowl-sponsorships.aspx|title=Discover, Tostitos to end bowl title deals|author=Michael Smith |author2=John Ourand |author3=Terry Lefton|date=9 June 2014|work=Sports Business Journal|access-date=14 June 2014}} On September 22, 2014, Capital One was announced as the new title sponsor of the Orange Bowl, transferring their bowl game sponsorship from the Citrus Bowl.{{cite web|url=http://game.orangebowl.org/capital-one-becomes-title-sponsor-of-the-orange-bowl/|title=CAPITAL ONE BECOMES TITLE SPONSOR OF THE ORANGE BOWL|publisher=Orange Bowl Committee|date=22 September 2014|access-date=22 September 2014}}{{cite web|url=http://www.theacc.com/#!/news-detail/capital-one-becomes-title-sponsor-of-the-orange-bowl-2014-09-22|title=Capital One Becomes Title Sponsor of the Orange Bowl|publisher=Atlantic Coast Conference|date=22 September 2014|access-date=22 September 2014}} Subsequently, the company's "Capital One Mascot Challenge" winner naming ceremony also moved to the Orange Bowl. The Orange Bowl Committee includes Corporate Members such as iHeart Media, Ernst & Young, Cinch Home Services, Bank of America, Amazon, American Airlines, AT&T, and Uber Technologies.{{cite web | url=https://www.orangebowl.org/the-orange-bowl-committee/ | title=The Orange Bowl Committee }}

{{cite web | url=https://www.cinchhomeservices.com/-/cinch-enters-partnership-with-orange-bowl-committe | title=Cinch Enters Partnership with Orange Bowl | Cinch Home Services | date=25 April 2024 }}

{{See also|List of Orange Bowl broadcasters}}

ESPN is the current rightsholder of the Orange Bowl, a relationship that began in 2011 as part of the contract to broadcast the Bowl Championship Series games. In anticipation of the transition to the College Football Playoff in the 2014–15 season, ESPN reached a new deal with the game's organizers in November 2012 to extend its rights through 2026, paying $55 million yearly.{{cite magazine|title=ESPN Reaches 12-Year College Football Agreement With Orange Bowl|url=http://www.businessweek.com/news/2012-11-15/espn-reaches-12-year-college-football-agreement-with-orange-bowl|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121128081800/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2012-11-15/espn-reaches-12-year-college-football-agreement-with-orange-bowl|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 28, 2012|magazine=Bloomberg Businessweek|access-date=16 November 2012}} The game is also broadcast nationally by ESPN Radio.

Prior to that, Fox held the rights to the event (along with the other BCS bowls) since 2007, preceded by ABC (1999–2006 and 1962–64), CBS (1996–98 and 1953–61), and NBC (1965–95). This game, along with the Fiesta Bowl, is one of only two bowl games ever to air on all the "big 4" U.S. television networks. ESPN Deportes added a Spanish language telecast of the game in 2013.{{cite web|title=BCS National Championship and Bowl Games on ESPN Deportes|date=4 December 2012|url=http://espnmediazone.com/us/press-releases/2012/12/bcs-national-championship-and-bowl-games-on-espn-deportes/|publisher=ESPN|access-date=24 December 2012}}

• List of college bowl games

{{notelist}}

{{reflist|colwidth=30em|refs=

{{cite web

| url = http://www.cuacardinals.com/sports/fball/archives/historical/orangebowl

| title = 1936 Orange Bowl

| publisher = The Catholic University of America

| access-date = 2013-10-10

}}

{{cite news

| url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1499&dat=19351230&id=i6BQAAAAIBAJ&pg=5297,6569460

| title = She's Orange Bowl Queen

| newspaper = The Milwaukee Journal

| access-date = 2013-10-10

| date = 1935-12-31

}}

{{cite web

| url = http://www.westegg.com/inflation/infl.cgi

| title = The Inflation Calculator

| publisher = WestEgg

| access-date = 2013-10-10

}}

}}

{{commons category}}

• {{Official website}}

{{Orange Bowl navbox}}

{{Bowl Championship Series navbox}}

{{College Football Playoff navbox}}

{{Bowl game navbox}}

{{New Year}}

Category:College football bowls

Category:Annual sporting events in the United States

Category:Recurring sporting events established in 1935

Category:1935 establishments in Florida

Category:Capital One