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Oscillospiraceae

{{Short description|Family of bacteria}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| taxon = Oscillospiraceae

| authority = Peshkoff 1940 (Approved Lists 1980)

| subdivision_ranks = Genera

| subdivision_ref =

| subdivision = See text

| synonyms =

| synonyms_ref =

}}

Oscillospiraceae, also commonly called Ruminococcaceae, is a family of bacteria in the class Clostridia. All Oscillospiraceae are obligate anaerobes. However, members of the family have diverse shapes, with some rod-shaped and others cocci.{{cite book |chapter=Ruminococcaceae fam. nov. |vauthors=Rainey FA |title=Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria |pages=1–2 |date=2015 |doi=10.1002/9781118960608.fbm00136 |editor=Whitman WB |isbn=9781118960608 }}

Within the family, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is notable as an abundant commensal bacteria of the human gut microbiota. In addition, several members of Ruminococcus are found in the human gut.{{cite journal |vauthors=Rajilić-Stojanović M, de Vos WM |title=The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota |journal=FEMS Microbiology Reviews |volume=38 |issue=5 |pages=996–1047 |date=September 2014 |pmid=24861948 |pmc=4262072 |doi=10.1111/1574-6976.12075 }} The Oscillospira genus and its impact on human health has led to numerous theories on its development and its involvement in human health.

Current knowledge

The first species of the Oscillospira genus, a bacterium named O. guillermondii, was found in 1913 in the cecal contents of a guinea pig by Chatton and Pérard and is the only formally described species in the genus.{{Cite journal |last1=Gophna |first1=Uri |last2=Konikoff |first2=Tom |last3=Nielsen |first3=Henrik Bjørn |date=March 2017 |title=Oscillospira and related bacteria – From metagenomic species to metabolic features |url=https://sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1462-2920.13658 |journal=Environmental Microbiology |language=en |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=835–841 |doi=10.1111/1462-2920.13658 |issn=1462-2912 |url-access=subscription }} Knowledge of Oscillospira and their physiology and ecological interactions are still minimal having limited success in cultivation. The necessary components for Oscillospira to grow are still undetermined or otherwise unknown.{{Cite journal |last1=Mackie |first1=Roderick I. |last2=Aminov |first2=Rustam I. |last3=Hu |first3=Wenping |last4=Klieve |first4=Athol V. |last5=Ouwerkerk |first5=Diane |last6=Sundset |first6=Monica A. |last7=Kamagata |first7=Yoichi |date=November 2003 |title=Ecology of Uncultivated Oscillospira Species in the Rumen of Cattle, Sheep, and Reindeer as Assessed by Microscopy and Molecular Approaches |journal=Applied and Environmental Microbiology |language=en |volume=69 |issue=11 |pages=6808–6815 |doi=10.1128/AEM.69.11.6808-6815.2003 |issn=0099-2240 |pmc=262257 |pmid=14602644 }} A characteristic of this bacterium is the ability to form spores and take on different physical shapes like rods and cocci. The Oscillospira species are assumed to be slower growers as they are more abundantly found in harder or firmer stools, an indicator of spending more time in the colon before being passed, commonly known as constipation. This theory is further supported by their ties to gallstone disease where constipation is a risk factor.

Impact on gut health

Members of this family are observed to be abundantly found in fecal microbiota. Oscillospira in particular has been found to have possible ties to leanness through its 16s rRNA gene in recent gut microbiota studies and has established a connection with a lack of abundance of these bacteria in people impacted with steatohepatitis, a liver disease, and inflammatory bowel diseases such as Chron's and Ulcerative colitis.In addition, Oscillospira have been shown to ferment complex plant carbohydrates and is being looked at to play a potential role in probiotic production. Oscillospira has also been found in animals such as cattle and sheep and similarly to humans, the abundance and form of Oscillospira is largely dependent on diet. Greater abundance was found to be with primarily fresh forage food in these animals.

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN){{cite web |author=J.P. Euzéby |url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/family/oscillospiraceae |title=Oscillospiraceae |access-date=2022-09-09 |publisher=List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)}} and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI){{cite web |author=Sayers |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Undef&id=216572&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock |title=Oscillospiraceae |access-date=2022-09-09 |publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database |display-authors=et al.}}

class="wikitable"
colspan=1 | 16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024{{cite web |title=The LTP |url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/#LTP| access-date=10 December 2024}}{{cite web |title=LTP_all tree in newick format |url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_all_10_2024.ntree |access-date=10 December 2024}}{{cite web |title=LTP_10_2024 Release Notes |url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_10_2024_release_notes.pdf |access-date=10 December 2024}}

! colspan=1 | 120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220{{cite web |title=GTDB release 09-RS220 |url=https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/about#4%7C |website=Genome Taxonomy Database |access-date=10 May 2024}}{{cite web |title=bac120_r220.sp_labels |url=https://data.gtdb.ecogenomic.org/releases/release220/220.0/auxillary_files/bac120_r220.sp_labels.tree |website=Genome Taxonomy Database |access-date=10 May 2024}}{{cite web |title=Taxon History |url=https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/taxon_history/ |website=Genome Taxonomy Database |access-date=10 May 2024}}

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{{Clade | style=font-size:90%;line-height:80%

|label1=Oscillospiraceae

|1={{clade

|1=Sporobacter

|2={{clade

|1={{clade

|1=Vescimonas

|2={{clade

|1=Hominicoprocola

|2={{clade

|1=Oscillibacter

|2=Dysosmobacter

}}

}}

}}

|2={{clade

|1=Intestinimonas

|2={{clade

|1=Clostridium viride Buckel et al. 1995

|2={{clade

|1={{clade

|1=Flintibacter butyricus Lagkouvardos et al. 2016

|2=Muriventricola

}}

|2={{clade

|1=Pseudoflavonifractor

|2={{clade

|1=Intestinimonas

|2={{clade

|1=Flavonifractor

|2=Lawsonibacter

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

|

{{Clade | style=font-size:90%;line-height:80%

|label1=Oscillospiraceae

|1={{clade

|1{{clade

|1={{clade

|1="Ca. Alloscillospira" Glendinning et al. 2020

|2=Sporobacter Grech-Mora et al. 1996

}}

|2={{clade

|1="Ca. Heteroscillospira" corrig. Glendinning et al. 2020

|2={{clade

|1="Ca. Limivicinus" faecipullorum" Gilroy et al. 2021

|2="Ca. Scatomorpha" Gilroy et al. 2021

}}

}}

}}

|2={{clade

|1={{clade

|1="Ca. Avoscillospira" Gilroy et al. 2021

|2="Ca. Faecousia" Gilroy et al. 2021 non Hitch et al. 2024

}}

|2={{clade

|1=Papillibacter Defnoun et al. 2000

|2={{clade

|1={{clade

|1="Ca. Pseudoscillospira" corrig. Glendinning et al. 2020

|2={{clade

|1="Ca. Pelethomonas" Gilroy et al. 2021

|2={{clade

|1={{clade

|1=Hominicoprocola Afrizal et al. 2023

|2=Vescimonas Kitahara et al. 2021

}}

|2={{clade

|1=Dysosmobacter species-group 2

|2={{clade

|1=Oscillibacter Iino et al. 2007

|2=Dysosmobacter Le Roy et al. 2020{{cite journal |vauthors=Le Roy T, Van der Smissen P, Paquot A, Delzenne N, Muccioli GG, Collet JF, Cani PD |title=Dysosmobacter welbionis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from human faeces and emended description of the genus Oscillibacter |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |date=2019 |volume=70 |issue=9 |pages=4851–4858 |pmid=31232680 |doi=10.1099/ijsem.0.003547 |doi-access=free |hdl=2078.1/226713 |hdl-access=free }}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

|2={{clade

|1="Ca. Onthomonas" Gilroy et al. 2021

|2={{clade

|1="Evtepia" Strandwitz et al. 2019

|2={{clade

|1=Lawsonibacter Sakamoto et al. 2018 [Flintibacter Lagkouvardos et al. 2016; Muriventricola Hitch et al. 2022]

|2={{clade

|1="Ca. Enterenecus" Gilroy et al. 2021

|2={{clade

|1=Intestinimonas Kläring et al. 2013

|2={{clade

|1="Vermiculatibacterium" Afrizal et al. 2022

|2={{clade

|1=Pseudoflavonifractor species-group 2

|2={{clade

|1={{clade

|1="Ca. Galloscillospira" species-group 2

|2=Pseudoflavonifractor Carlier et al. 2010

}}

|2={{clade

|1=Lawsonibacter celer Liu et al. 2022

|2={{clade

|1=Lawsonibacter hominis Liu et al. 2022

|2=Flavonifractor Carlier et al. 2010

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

Unassigned genera:

Formally within Oscillospiraceae

  • Acetanaerobacterium{{cite journal |vauthors=Chen S, Dong X |title=Acetanaerobacterium elongatum gen. nov., sp. nov., from paper mill waste water |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |date=2004 |volume=54 |issue=6 |pages=2257–2262 |pmid=15545467 |doi=10.1099/ijs.0.63212-0 |doi-access=free }}
  • Acutalibacter{{cite journal |last1=Parker |first1=Charles Thomas |last2=Garrity |first2=George M |editor1-first=Charles Thomas |editor1-last=Parker |editor2-first=George M |editor2-last=Garrity |name-list-style=vanc |title=Taxonomic Abstract for the genera. |journal=The NamesforLife Abstracts |date=1 January 2003 |doi=10.1601/tx.29383 }}
  • Anaerotruncus{{cite journal |vauthors=Lawson PA, Song Y, Liu C, Molitoris DR, Vaisanen ML, Collins MD, Finegold SM |title=Anaerotruncus colihominis gen. nov., sp. nov., from human faeces |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |volume=54 |pages=413–417 |date=2004 |issue=2 |pmid=15023953 |doi=10.1099/ijs.0.02653-0 |doi-access=free }}
  • Faecalibacterium{{cite journal |vauthors=Duncan DH, Hold GL, Harmsen HJ, Stewart CS, Flint HJ |title=Growth requirements and fermentation products of Fusobacterium prausnitzii, and a proposal to reclassify it as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii gen. nov., comb. nov. |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |volume=52 |pages=2141–2146 |date=2002 |issue=6 |pmid=12508881 |doi=10.1099/00207713-52-6-2141 |doi-access=free }}

See also

References

{{Reflist}}

{{Bacteria classification}}

{{Taxonbar|from1=Q20993624|from2=Q18674581}}

Category:Eubacteriales

Category:Bacteria families