OtherOS

OtherOS is a feature of early versions of Sony Computer Entertainment's PlayStation 3 video game console, allowing user installed software, such as Linux or FreeBSD. Software running in the OtherOS environment has access to 6 of the 7 Synergistic Processing Elements.[http://www.ps3source.net/content/view/17/33/ SPE Access] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015133851/http://www.ps3source.net/content/view/17/33/ |date=October 15, 2007 }} Sony implemented a hypervisor that restricts access to the RSX Reality Synthesizer graphics chip. IBM provided an introduction to programming parallel applications on the PlayStation 3.

The feature was controversially removed by Sony since system firmware update 3.21, released on April 1, 2010.{{Cite web |date=28 March 2010 |title=PS3 Firmware (v3.21) Update |url=http://blog.us.playstation.com/2010/03/28/ps3-firmware-v3-21-update/ |access-date=2016-09-27 |website=PlayStation.Blog}} A class action lawsuit was filed against Sony on behalf of users, but was dismissed with prejudice in 2011 by a federal judge. The judge stated: "As a legal matter, ... plaintiffs have failed to allege facts or articulate a theory on which Sony may be held liable."{{cite web |url=http://www.courthousenews.com/2011/12/09/42126.htm|title=Sony Tosses PlayStation 3 Upgrade Claims Aside|date=9 December 2011|publisher= Courthouse News Service |access-date=16 December 2011}} However, this decision was overturned in a 2014 appellate court decision{{cite web|url=http://topclassactions.com/lawsuit-settlements/lawsuit-news/12043-appellate-court-puts-ps3-class-action-lawsuit-back-game/ |title=Appellate Court Puts PS3 Class Action Lawsuit Back in the Game |date=8 January 2014 |publisher=topclassactions.com |access-date=22 March 2016 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322110301/http://topclassactions.com/lawsuit-settlements/lawsuit-news/12043-appellate-court-puts-ps3-class-action-lawsuit-back-game/ |archive-date=March 22, 2016 }} finding that plaintiffs had indeed made clear and sufficiently substantial claims. Ultimately, in 2016, Sony settled with users who had installed Linux or had purchased a PlayStation 3 based upon the availability of OtherOS.{{cite news|last1=Kravets|first1=David|title=Sony agrees to pay millions to gamers to settle PS3 Linux debacle|url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2016/06/if-you-used-to-run-linux-on-your-ps3-you-could-get-55-from-sony/|access-date=19 July 2016|publisher=Ars Technica|date=21 June 2016}}

The settlement was then rejected in February 2017 by judge Yvonne Gonzalez, citing two problems: the lawyers' high fee percentage, and the users' difficulty in collecting.{{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2017/02/game-over-for-ps3-linux-settlement-judge-concerned-gamers-wont-get-paid/|title=Game over for PS3 Linux settlement|date=2 February 2017|publisher=ArsTechnica|access-date=2017-11-07}}{{cite web|url=https://consumerist.com/2017/02/02/judge-rejects-settlement-in-playstation-3-other-os-lawsuit/|title=Judge Rejects Settlement In PlayStation 3 "Other OS" Lawsuit|date=13 February 2017|publisher=Consumerist|access-date=2017-11-07}}{{cite web|url=https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20170203/10574136626/judge-nixes-ps3-linux-class-action-settlement-as-classs-lawyers-victimize-class-second-time.shtml|title=Judge Nixes PS3 Linux Class Action Settlement|date=10 February 2017|publisher=Consumerist|access-date=2017-11-07}} Sony responded in September 2017, offering each member of a single proposed class up to $65. This is a change from $55 and $9 payouts for members of two separate classes in the prior proposal.{{cite web|url=https://www.law360.com/articles/960439/sony-asks-for-approval-of-revised-3-75m-ps3-settlement|title=Sony Asks For Approval Of Revised $3.75M PS3 Settlement|date=5 September 2017|publisher=Law360|access-date=2017-11-07}}

History

File:Clúster de PS3 (1431168841) (cropped).jpg

Since 2000, Sony has marketed Linux on the PlayStation 2. It promoted the release of the PS2 Linux Kit, which includes a Linux-based operating system, a USB keyboard and mouse, a VGA adapter, a PlayStation 2 Ethernet network adapter, and a 40 GB hard disk drive (HDD).

The PlayStation 3 does not have Linux pre-installed. However, Sony included an option in the XMB menu soon after the PlayStation 3 launched that allowed booting into Linux from the hard drive or from a Live CD that the distributor's kernel would boot.{{cite web|url=http://manuals.playstation.net/document/en/ps3/current/settings/osinstall.html |title=PlayStation Manual (How to) |publisher=Manuals.playstation.net |date=2009-12-17 |access-date=2012-09-19}} The installation manual for the Yellow Dog Linux version for PS3 stated, "It was fully intended that you, a PS3 owner, could play games, watch movies, view photos, listen to music, and run a full-featured Linux operating system that transforms your PS3 into a home computer."{{cite web|url= http://www.gamespot.com/news/6162316.html?tag=result;title;0|title=Yellow Dog Linux launches for PS3|access-date=2007-08-29}}

Sony announcement of the upcoming release of the PS3 Slim in September 2009, stated that it would not support the OtherOS feature, without any explanation.{{cite web|url=http://www.scee.presscentre.com/Content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=4842&NewsAreaID=2 |title=SCEE PS3 Slim press release |access-date=2009-08-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090822130523/http://www.scee.presscentre.com/content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=4842 |archive-date=August 22, 2009 }} In March 2010, Sony announced that OtherOS would be removed due to security concerns, as of PS3 Firmware 3.21 on April 1, 2010.{{cite web | url=http://blog.eu.playstation.com/2010/03/29/ps3-firmware-3-21-coming-april-1st/ | title=PS3 Firmware 3.21 Coming April 1st| date=29 March 2010|access-date=2010-03-29}}

Several methods of bypassing the updating and retaining the ability to sign into PlayStation Network have been discovered, most of which use third party DNS servers.{{cite web |url=http://3004.pokemonger.com/showthread.php?tid=21 |title=How to Bypass PS3 Firmware 3.21 and Connect to PSN |access-date=2010-04-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100406124520/http://3004.pokemonger.com/showthread.php?tid=21 |archive-date=2010-04-06 }}

George Hotz claimed to have created custom firmware for the PS3 called 3.21OO that re-enables OtherOS and published a video as proof.{{cite web|url=http://geohotps3.blogspot.com/2010/04/otheros-supported-on-321oo.html|title=OtherOS Supported on "3.21OO"|access-date=2010-05-23}} Some in the online community claim that this custom firmware was a hoax.{{cite web |url=http://kotaku.com/5511707/hacker-claims-to-have-linux-working-again-on-ps3 | title=Hacker Claims To Have Linux Working (Again) On PS3 | date=7 April 2010 | access-date=2013-04-02}} On July 14, 2010, Hotz announced that he would not bring out his custom firmware to the PlayStation 3.{{cite web |url=http://www.ps3-hacks.com/2010/07/14/geohot-bids-farewell-no-3-21oo-for-you/ | title=Geohot Bids Farewell; No 3.21OO For You! |access-date=2010-07-23}}

On April 27, 2010, a class action lawsuit was filed in California. It claimed that the removal of the OtherOS feature was "unfair and deceptive" and a "breach of good faith".{{Cite Pacer

| plaintiff = Ventura

| defendant = SCEA

| title = Complaint

| date = Apr 27, 2010

| case-division = 4

| case-year = 2010

| case-type = cv

| case-sequence = 01811

| case-state = ca

| case-district = nd

| doc-number = 1

| pacer-number = 226894

| access-date = Jul 25, 2017

| use-pacer = no

| use-recap = yes

| case-title = Ventura v. Sony Computer Entertainment America Inc.

}} at ¶¶ 1, 45, 54-55, 57 Most of the filing relates to violation of various consumer protection laws relating to the removal. Several other lawsuits were also filed and are somewhat similar in nature but are filed by other individuals.{{cite web| title = Sony Sued Again For Removing PS3 Linux Feature| date=8 May 2010 | publisher = IGN = 2010-05-07| url = http://ps3.ign.com/articles/108/1088481p1.html}}

In January 2011, Sony sued Hotz and members of fail0verflow for their jailbreaking of the PS3. Charges included violating the DMCA, the CFAA, copyright law, and California's CCDAFA, and for breach of contract (related to the PlayStation Network User Agreement), tortious interference, misappropriation, and trespass.[https://www.engadget.com/2011/01/12/sony-follows-up-officially-sues-geohot-and-fail0verflow-over-ps/ Sony follows up, officially sues Geohot and fail0verflow over PS3 jailbreak]. Nilay Patel, Engadget (2011-01-12). Retrieved on 2011-02-16.

In February, 2011, U.S. District Judge Richard Seeborg dismissed most of the class claims with leave to amend, finding the plaintiffs failed to state a claim. Seeborg stated: "While it cannot be concluded as a matter of law at this juncture that Sony could, without legal consequence, force its customers to choose either to forego installing the software update or to lose access to the other OS feature, the present allegations of the complaint largely fail to state a claim. Accordingly, with the exception of one count, the motion to dismiss will be granted, with leave to amend."{{cite web |url=http://www.courthousenews.com/2011/12/09/42126.htm|title=Sony Tosses PlayStation 3 Upgrade Claims Aside|date=2011-12-09|publisher= Courthouse News Service |access-date=2011-12-16}}

On May 4, 2011, Youness Alaoui from the PS3MFW team announced[https://twitter.com/KaKaRoToKS/status/65680872422117376 Tweet] from Youness Alaoui the release of a modified PS3 firmware that allows running OtherOS.{{cite web|url=http://ps3mfw.com/?p=481|title=OtherOS Is Back!|access-date=2011-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928183919/http://ps3mfw.com/?p=481|archive-date=2017-09-28|url-status=dead}}[http://gitbrew.org/otheros/ OtherOS++] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827055134/http://gitbrew.org/otheros/ |date=2017-08-27 }} at gitbrew.org (For archived files, see [https://www.psdevwiki.com/ps3/OtherOS++ PsDevWiki].){{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/news/2011/05/with-psn-still-down-hackers-return-linux-to-the-playstation-3.ars|title=With PSN still down, hackers return Linux to the PlayStation 3|author=Ars Technica|date=6 May 2011}}

On December 8, 2011, U.S. District Judge Richard Seeborg dismissed the last remaining count of the class action lawsuit, stating: "As a legal matter, ... plaintiffs have failed to allege facts or articulate a theory on which Sony may be held liable."{{cite web |url=http://www.courthousenews.com/2011/12/09/42126.htm|title=Sony Tosses PlayStation 3 Upgrade Claims Aside|date=9 December 2011|publisher= Courthouse News Service |access-date=2011-12-16}}

In January 2014 the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit partially reversed the dismissal and sent the case back to the district court.{{cite web |url=http://www.topclassactions.com/lawsuit-settlements/lawsuit-news/12043-appellate-court-puts-ps3-class-action-lawsuit-back-game/|title=Appellate Court Puts PS3 Class Action Lawsuit Back in the Game |date=2014-01-08|access-date=2014-02-04}}

In 2016, Sony settled with American users who installed Linux or purchased a PlayStation 3 based upon the alternative OS functionality.{{cite news|last1=Kravets|first1=David|title=Sony agrees to pay millions to gamers to settle PS3 Linux debacle|url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2016/06/if-you-used-to-run-linux-on-your-ps3-you-could-get-55-from-sony/|access-date=19 July 2016|publisher=Ars Technica|date=21 June 2016}} This settlement provided a payment of $55 to those owners who used an alternative OS and/or $9 for purchasing a PlayStation based upon the option.

The settlement was then rejected in February 2017 by judge Yvonne Gonzalez, citing two problems. The first was the percentage being charged by the lawyers and the second involved the hurdles faced by those eligible to collect.{{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2017/02/game-over-for-ps3-linux-settlement-judge-concerned-gamers-wont-get-paid/|title=Game over for PS3 Linux settlement|date=2 February 2017|publisher=ArsTechnica|access-date=2017-11-07}}{{cite web|url=https://consumerist.com/2017/02/02/judge-rejects-settlement-in-playstation-3-other-os-lawsuit/|title=Judge Rejects Settlement In PlayStation 3 "Other OS" Lawsuit|date=13 February 2017|publisher=Consumerist|access-date=2017-11-07}}{{cite web|url=https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20170203/10574136626/judge-nixes-ps3-linux-class-action-settlement-as-classs-lawyers-victimize-class-second-time.shtml|title=Judge Nixes PS3 Linux Class Action Settlement|date=10 February 2017|publisher=Consumerist|access-date=2017-11-07}} Sony responded in September 2017, offering members of a single proposed class up to $65. This is a change from $55 and $9 payouts for members of two separate classes in the prior proposal.{{cite web|url=https://www.law360.com/articles/960439/sony-asks-for-approval-of-revised-3-75m-ps3-settlement|title=Sony Asks For Approval Of Revised $3.75M PS3 Settlement|date=5 September 2017|publisher=Law360|access-date=2017-11-07}}

In November 2018 final payouts for members of the class were sent in the amount of $10.07.{{cite web |last1=Khan |first1=Danial |title=Sony sending $10 settlement checks for PS3 "Other OS" lawsuit |url=https://gearnuke.com/sony-sending-10-settlement-checks-for-ps3-other-os-lawsuit/ |website=Gearnuke |access-date=December 12, 2018 |date=November 14, 2018}}

Linux kernel

File:PS3 Linux kernel overview fig. 1.png

Linux supported PlayStation 3 with version 2.6.21. No patches or modifications are required.[https://archive.today/20130415063022/http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/geoff/ps3-linux.git;a=summary The latest source for the PS3 kernel]{{Clarify|date=March 2009}} A simple Linux add-on CD for the PS3 includes support for Fedora 8 and other operating systems that already claim to install natively on the PS3.[http://www.linuxforps3.org/ Linux add-on CD for PS3] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918142613/http://linuxforps3.org/ |date=2017-09-18 }}{{Clarify|date=March 2009}} However, there is currently an issue with the latest{{When|date=March 2017}} kboot{{Clarify|date=March 2009}} boot loader provided by kernel.org. Once the user selects the default action, the USB ports are de-registered on some systems. A work-around is available at PSUbuntu.{{Citation needed|date=November 2009}}

Distributions

Debian, Fedora 8, Gentoo, OpenSUSE (10.3 to 11.1), and Ubuntu run on the PlayStation 3.{{cite web|url=http://www.keshi.org/moin/moin.cgi/PS3/Debian/Live |title=Debian-Live for PS3|access-date=2007-03-04}}{{cite web | url=http://www.ps3coderz.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=119&Itemid=54 | title=PlayStation 3 Spin | access-date=2007-10-07 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100607123402/http://www.ps3coderz.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=119&Itemid=54 | archive-date=2010-06-07 | url-status=dead }}{{cite web |url=http://whitesanjuro.googlepages.com/ |title=Gentoo |publisher=Whitesanjuro.googlepages.com |access-date=2012-09-19 |archive-date=2009-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090828153027/http://whitesanjuro.googlepages.com/ |url-status=dead }}{{cite web|url=http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=343113 |title=Ubuntu |publisher=Ubuntuforums.org |access-date=2012-09-19}}{{cite web|author=Chris Holland |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ZXcuhJkwx4 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211214/_ZXcuhJkwx4 |archive-date=2021-12-14 |url-status=live|title=How to Install another OS (w/voice over) |publisher=Youtube.com |date=2006-11-19 |access-date=2012-09-19}}{{cbignore}} Yellow Dog Linux for the PlayStation 3 was first released in late 2006.{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/news/6162316.html?sid=6162316|title=Yellow Dog Linux launches for PlayStation 3|date=2006-11-27|first=Emma|last=Boyes|publisher=gamespot|access-date=2006-11-30}}

=Ubuntu=

File:Ubuntu-on-ps3.jpg

Some versions of Ubuntu up to the release 10.10 have been ported to the PS3 platform.{{cite web|url=https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PlayStation_3 |title=help.ubuntu.com |publisher=help.ubuntu.com |access-date=2012-09-19}} The installer cannot run in Live mode when running in 480i or 480p video resolutions, but it offers a text-based installer that installs fully functional Ubuntu. It is possible to mount an external USB hard drive as the home folder during install.

The LTS release 8.04 (Hardy Heron) of Ubuntu is incompatible with the PS3. However the 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex) release was ported to the PS3 on the same release date as the official main Ubuntu release.{{cite web|url=http://psubuntu.com/2008/10/30/intrepid-ibex-released/ |title=Intrepid Ibex released |access-date=2008-10-30 |publisher=PsUbuntu |date=2008-10-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111224010822/http://psubuntu.com/2008/10/30/intrepid-ibex-released |archive-date=December 24, 2011 }}

=Yellow Dog Linux=

File:Yellow Dog Linux arrancando en una PS3.jpg

Yellow Dog Linux 5.0 was one of the first Linux distributions to run on Sony's PlayStation 3 platform.{{cite web|url=http://ps3.ign.com/articles/748/748255p1.html |title=IGN: Yellow Dog Linux 5.0 Hands-on |publisher=Ps3.ign.com |date=2006-11-30 |access-date=2012-09-19}} It is designed specifically for HDTV so users with SDTV will have to use the commands 'installtext' and 'ydl480i' to install and run.[http://www.terrasoftsolutions.com/news/2006/2006-10-17.shtml terrasoftsolutions.com] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070922042303/http://www.terrasoftsolutions.com/news/2006/2006-10-17.shtml |date=September 22, 2007 }}

Yellow Dog Linux is based on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOS core and relies on the RPM package manager. Digital audio has been verified to function properly, however, the Nvidia graphics card is not supported beyond framebuffer mode. In addition, some other hardware components will not function properly without modifications to the kernel. WiFi functionality via the Network Manager is also not fully supported and must be entered manually via the Network Configuration tool, or in some cases, through the command shell.{{cite web |url=http://www.terrasoftsolutions.com/support/hardware/sony-ps3.shtml |title=Yellow Dog Linux 6.x Hardware Support Page |publisher=Terrasoftsolutions.com |access-date=2012-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121007025115/http://www.terrasoftsolutions.com/support/hardware/sony-ps3.shtml |archive-date=2012-10-07 |url-status=dead }} A workaround is available to enable wireless to be configured via the Network Manager.{{cite web|url=http://www.yellowdog-board.com/viewtopic.php?f=19&t=4416#p22368 |title=Yellow Dog Linux • View topic - wicd - stuck "Obtaining IP Address..." - my fix |publisher=Yellowdog-board.com |access-date=2012-09-19}}

=openSUSE=

openSUSE 10.3 was the first version of openSUSE to run on the Sony PlayStation 3 platform. openSUSE is a free version of SUSE Linux, which was then owned by Novell. There are PlayStation 3 specific installation instructions available for openSUSE.[https://en.opensuse.org/SDB:PS3 en.opensuse.org]

Starting with openSUSE 11.2, support for the PowerPC architecture (and therefore the PlayStation 3) has been dropped.{{Cite web |url=https://old-en.opensuse.org/POWER@SUSE |title=old-en.opensuse.org |access-date=2015-08-30 |archive-date=2019-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190830040348/https://old-en.opensuse.org/POWER@SUSE |url-status=dead }}

=Fedora=

Fedora also ran on the PlayStation 3.{{cite web |url=http://www.linuxforps3.org |title=CECHExx PS3 with firmware 2.01 |access-date=2011-04-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918142613/http://linuxforps3.org/ |archive-date=2017-09-18 |url-status=dead }} Fedora 7 works on a USB external hard disk but fails to detect the internal disk, Fedora 9 detects the internal disk but not the USB disk, Fedora 8 will not work due to video "card" detection problems. Fedora 10 installs on the internal hard disk without any issues and works fine without having to change any settings.

Fedora 12 only installs on the PlayStation 3 when running the 64 bit kernel.{{cite web |url=http://www.philipotoole.com/fedora-12-on-the-ps3 |title=Installing FC12 on an 80GB PlayStation 3|date=28 November 2009}}

RSX Homebrew

Linux on the PlayStation 3 allows for a range of homebrew programs to be developed. Although the Cell's performance is more than enough to handle most media requirements or render complex 3D graphics, it does lack the teraflops performance of a contemporary GPU's texture fetching hardware. For this reason many complex games are not possible on the PlayStation 3 through Linux, as access to hardware acceleration in the RSX is restricted by a hypervisor.

There have been developments in enabling access to the RSX through the Linux kernel and the X Window System.{{cite web |url=http://wiki.ps2dev.org/ps3:rsx |title=ps3:rsx |publisher=Wiki.ps2dev.org |date=2010-10-26 |access-date=2012-09-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090121132934/http://wiki.ps2dev.org/ps3:rsx |archive-date=2009-01-21 }} It is possible to use the RSX memory as swap space. A trick to access some 3D functions was blocked with firmware 2.10.

AsbestOS

Reverse engineering advancements focused around a USB descriptor parsing vulnerability in 3.41 firmware, which allowed running the Linux kernel on 3.41 firmware.{{cite web | url=http://marcansoft.com/blog/2010/10/asbestos-running-linux-as-gameos/ | title=AsbestOS - running linux as gameos | access-date=2010-10-26}}{{cite web | url=https://lwn.net/Articles/410773/ | title=LWN - AsbestOS news entry | access-date=2010-10-26 }} The current state of the project is the ability to load the Linux kernel via TFTP and run it with access to all 7 SPEs (requires applying a small patch to the kernel). The rest of the system can run on an NFS share - hard disk access is currently not implemented, as well as some other features.{{Citation |last=Martin |first=Hector |title=marcan/asbestos |date=2023-11-26 |url=https://github.com/marcan/asbestos |access-date=2024-01-07}}

Also, since the exploit runs the kernel with game privileges, graphics acceleration is now available, although it requires reworking of the nouveau driver code.{{citation needed|date=January 2011}}

FreeBSD

Support for PlayStation 3 was added to FreeBSD 9.0 in summer 2010. This support is limited to machines with OtherOS functionality still intact (firmware version 3.15 and earlier).

References

External links

[http://www.playstation.com/ps3-openplatform/index.html Open Platform for Playstation 3 Overview] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070605081953/http://www.playstation.com/ps3-openplatform/index.html |date=2007-06-05 }}
[http://blog.us.playstation.com/2010/03/28/ps3-firmware-v3-21-update/ 3.21 firmware update removing OtherOS capability]
[https://web.archive.org/web/20100406124520/http://3004.pokemonger.com/showthread.php?tid=21 How to Bypass PS3 Firmware 3.21 and Connect to PSN using an internal DNS server]

Category:Linux

Category:PlayStation 3

Category:PowerPC operating systems

Category:Game console operating systems

Category:Video game controversies