Ovomucin

{{Short description|Protein complex in bird egg white}}

{{Infobox nonhuman protein

| Name = Alpha-ovomucin

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| Organism = Gallus gallus

| TaxID = 9031

| Symbol = MUC5B

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| UniProt = Q98UI9

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{{Infobox nonhuman protein

| Name = Beta-ovomucin

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| Organism = Gallus gallus

| TaxID = 9031

| Symbol = MUC6

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| UniProt = F1NBL0

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{{distinguish|Ovomucoid}}

Ovomucin is a glycoprotein found mainly in egg whites, as well as in the chalaza and vitelline membrane. The protein makes up around 2-4% of the protein content of egg whites; like other members of the mucin protein family, ovomucin confers gel-like properties. It is composed of two subunits, alpha-ovomucin (MUC5B) and beta-ovomucin (MUC6), of which the beta subunit is much more heavily glycosylated.{{Cite book|title=Bioactive Egg Compounds|last=Hiidenhovi|first=Jaakko | name-list-style = vanc |date=2007|publisher=Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg|pages=61–68 |doi=10.1007/978-3-540-37885-3_9|chapter = Ovomucin|isbn = 978-3-540-37883-9}}{{cite journal | vauthors = Offengenden M, Fentabil MA, Wu J | title = N-glycosylation of ovomucin from hen egg white | journal = Glycoconjugate Journal | volume = 28 | issue = 3–4 | pages = 113–23 | date = May 2011 | pmid = 21484392 | doi = 10.1007/s10719-011-9328-3 }} The alpha subunit has a high number of acidic amino acids, while the beta subunit has more hydroxyl amino acids. The protein has a carbohydrate content of around 33%, featuring at least three unique types of carbohydrate side chains.{{Cite journal |last1=Omana |first1=Dileep A. |last2=Wang |first2=Jiapei |last3=Wu |first3=Jianping |date=September 2010 |title=Ovomucin – a glycoprotein with promising potential |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2010.07.001 |journal=Trends in Food Science & Technology |volume=21 |issue=9 |pages=455–463 |doi=10.1016/j.tifs.2010.07.001 |issn=0924-2244 |pmc=7135710 |pmid=32288227}} It is known to possess a wide range of biological activities, including regulating cell functions and promoting the production of macrophages, lymphocytes, and cytokines, suggesting that it plays a role in the immune system.{{Cite journal |last1=Tu |first1=Aobai |last2=Zhao |first2=Xue |last3=Shan |first3=Yuanyuan |last4=Lü |first4=Xin |date=2020-11-01 |title=Potential role of ovomucin and its peptides in modulation of intestinal health: A review |journal=International Journal of Biological Macromolecules |volume=162 |pages=385–393 |doi=10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.148 |issn=0141-8130 |pmc=7305749 |pmid=32569696}}