PBX1

Mice studies suggest PBX1 is involved in bone generation and skeletal patterning.{{Cite web |title=PBX1 PBX homeobox 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&rn=1&list_uids=5087 |access-date=2023-06-11 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov}}

PBX1 has been shown to interact with:

• HOXB1,{{cite journal | vauthors = Berthelsen J, Zappavigna V, Ferretti E, Mavilio F, Blasi F | title = The novel homeoprotein Prep1 modulates Pbx-Hox protein cooperativity | journal = The EMBO Journal | volume = 17 | issue = 5 | pages = 1434–1445 | date = March 1998 | pmid = 9482740 | pmc = 1170491 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/17.5.1434 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Piper DE, Batchelor AH, Chang CP, Cleary ML, Wolberger C | title = Structure of a HoxB1-Pbx1 heterodimer bound to DNA: role of the hexapeptide and a fourth homeodomain helix in complex formation | journal = Cell | volume = 96 | issue = 4 | pages = 587–597 | date = February 1999 | pmid = 10052460 | doi = 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80662-5 | s2cid = 16122785 | doi-access = free }}
• HOXB7,{{cite journal | vauthors = Chang CP, Shen WF, Rozenfeld S, Lawrence HJ, Largman C, Cleary ML | title = Pbx proteins display hexapeptide-dependent cooperative DNA binding with a subset of Hox proteins | journal = Genes & Development | volume = 9 | issue = 6 | pages = 663–674 | date = March 1995 | pmid = 7729685 | doi = 10.1101/gad.9.6.663 | doi-access = free }}
• MEIS1,{{cite journal | vauthors = Shen WF, Rozenfeld S, Kwong A, Köm ves LG, Lawrence HJ, Largman C | title = HOXA9 forms triple complexes with PBX2 and MEIS1 in myeloid cells | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 19 | issue = 4 | pages = 3051–3061 | date = April 1999 | pmid = 10082572 | pmc = 84099 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.19.4.3051 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Shanmugam K, Green NC, Rambaldi I, Saragovi HU, Featherstone MS | title = PBX and MEIS as non-DNA-binding partners in trimeric complexes with HOX proteins | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 19 | issue = 11 | pages = 7577–7588 | date = November 1999 | pmid = 10523646 | pmc = 84774 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.19.11.7577 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Jacobs Y, Schnabel CA, Cleary ML | title = Trimeric association of Hox and TALE homeodomain proteins mediates Hoxb2 hindbrain enhancer activity | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 19 | issue = 7 | pages = 5134–5142 | date = July 1999 | pmid = 10373562 | pmc = 84356 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.19.7.5134 }} and
• Prep1.{{cite journal | vauthors = Zubair M, Ishihara S, Oka S, Okumura K, Morohashi K | title = Two-step regulation of Ad4BP/SF-1 gene transcription during fetal adrenal development: initiation by a Hox-Pbx1-Prep1 complex and maintenance via autoregulation by Ad4BP/SF-1 | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 26 | issue = 11 | pages = 4111–4121 | date = June 2006 | pmid = 16705164 | pmc = 1489093 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.00222-06 }}

The Drosophila melangoster gene called extradenticle encodes a homeodomain protein that is 71% similar to the Pbx1 protein, and is considered homologous to PBX1.{{cite journal | vauthors = Rauskolb C, Peifer M, Wieschaus E | title = extradenticle, a regulator of homeotic gene activity, is a homolog of the homeobox-containing human proto-oncogene pbx1 | journal = Cell | volume = 74 | issue = 6 | pages = 1101–1112 | date = September 1993 | pmid = 8104703 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90731-5 | s2cid = 44721382 }} extradenticle is a homeodomain transcription factor{{cite journal | vauthors = Aspland SE, White RA | title = Nucleocytoplasmic localisation of extradenticle protein is spatially regulated throughout development in Drosophila | journal = Development | volume = 124 | issue = 3 | pages = 741–747 | date = February 1997 | pmid = 9043089 | doi = 10.1242/dev.124.3.741 }} expressed during embryogenesis and is related to morphological changes and development.

Reduced levels of extradenticle cause segmental transformations, without affecting the functionality or location of homeotic genes. Complete removal of extradenticle both maternally and zygotically leads to alterations from failure of non-extradenticle protein expression.{{cite journal | vauthors = Peifer M, Wieschaus E | title = Mutations in the Drosophila gene extradenticle affect the way specific homeo domain proteins regulate segmental identity | journal = Genes & Development | volume = 4 | issue = 7 | pages = 1209–1223 | date = July 1990 | pmid = 1976570 | doi = 10.1101/gad.4.7.1209 | doi-access = free }}

A monoclonal antibody study of the expression of extradenticle protein in embryonic development found that it is uniformly distributed, as well as excluded from cell nuclei, until gastrulation. During the germ band retraction stage of development, extradenticle protein begins to accumulate in the nuclei of cells in a specific pattern. Proximal areas of wing and leg imaginal discs have extradenticle present in the nucleus, while distal areas only have it in the cytoplasm.{{Cite journal |title=Nucleocytoplasmic localisation of extradenticle protein is spatially regulated throughout development in Drosophila |url=https://journals.biologists.com/dev/article/124/3/741/39722/Nucleocytoplasmic-localisation-of-extradenticle |access-date=2023-06-06 |journal=Development|date=1997 |doi=10.1242/dev.124.3.741 |volume=124 |issue=3 |pages=741–747 |pmid=9043089 | vauthors = Aspland SE, White RA }}

{{reflist}}

{{refbegin|33em}}

• {{cite journal | vauthors = Sanyal M, Tung JW, Karsunky H, Zeng H, Selleri L, Weissman IL, Herzenberg LA, Cleary ML | display-authors = 6 | title = B-cell development fails in the absence of the Pbx1 proto-oncogene | journal = Blood | volume = 109 | issue = 10 | pages = 4191–4199 | date = May 2007 | pmid = 17244677 | pmc = 1885499 | doi = 10.1182/blood-2006-10-054213 }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Hui H, Perfetti R | title = Pancreas duodenum homeobox-1 regulates pancreas development during embryogenesis and islet cell function in adulthood | journal = European Journal of Endocrinology | volume = 146 | issue = 2 | pages = 129–141 | date = February 2002 | pmid = 11834421 | doi = 10.1530/eje.0.1460129 | doi-access = free }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Hunger SP, Galili N, Carroll AJ, Crist WM, Link MP, Cleary ML | title = The t(1;19)(q23;p13) results in consistent fusion of E2A and PBX1 coding sequences in acute lymphoblastic leukemias | journal = Blood | volume = 77 | issue = 4 | pages = 687–693 | date = February 1991 | pmid = 1671560 | doi = 10.1182/blood.V77.4.687.687 | doi-access = free }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Monica K, Galili N, Nourse J, Saltman D, Cleary ML | title = PBX2 and PBX3, new homeobox genes with extensive homology to the human proto-oncogene PBX1 | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 11 | issue = 12 | pages = 6149–6157 | date = December 1991 | pmid = 1682799 | pmc = 361792 | doi = 10.1128/mcb.11.12.6149 }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Nourse J, Mellentin JD, Galili N, Wilkinson J, Stanbridge E, Smith SD, Cleary ML | title = Chromosomal translocation t(1;19) results in synthesis of a homeobox fusion mRNA that codes for a potential chimeric transcription factor | journal = Cell | volume = 60 | issue = 4 | pages = 535–545 | date = February 1990 | pmid = 1967982 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90657-Z | s2cid = 7975269 | doi-access = free }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Kamps MP, Murre C, Sun XH, Baltimore D | title = A new homeobox gene contributes the DNA binding domain of the t(1;19) translocation protein in pre-B ALL | journal = Cell | volume = 60 | issue = 4 | pages = 547–555 | date = February 1990 | pmid = 1967983 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90658-2 | s2cid = 39661371 }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Lu Q, Wright DD, Kamps MP | title = Fusion with E2A converts the Pbx1 homeodomain protein into a constitutive transcriptional activator in human leukemias carrying the t(1;19) translocation | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 14 | issue = 6 | pages = 3938–3948 | date = June 1994 | pmid = 7910944 | pmc = 358760 | doi = 10.1128/mcb.14.6.3938 }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Van Dijk MA, Voorhoeve PM, Murre C | title = Pbx1 is converted into a transcriptional activator upon acquiring the N-terminal region of E2A in pre-B-cell acute lymphoblastoid leukemia | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 90 | issue = 13 | pages = 6061–6065 | date = July 1993 | pmid = 8327485 | pmc = 46867 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.90.13.6061 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 1993PNAS...90.6061D }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Lu Q, Kamps MP | title = Structural determinants within Pbx1 that mediate cooperative DNA binding with pentapeptide-containing Hox proteins: proposal for a model of a Pbx1-Hox-DNA complex | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 16 | issue = 4 | pages = 1632–1640 | date = April 1996 | pmid = 8657138 | pmc = 231149 | doi = 10.1128/mcb.16.4.1632 }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Berthelsen J, Zappavigna V, Mavilio F, Blasi F | title = Prep1, a novel functional partner of Pbx proteins | journal = The EMBO Journal | volume = 17 | issue = 5 | pages = 1423–1433 | date = March 1998 | pmid = 9482739 | pmc = 1170490 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/17.5.1423 }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Berthelsen J, Zappavigna V, Ferretti E, Mavilio F, Blasi F | title = The novel homeoprotein Prep1 modulates Pbx-Hox protein cooperativity | journal = The EMBO Journal | volume = 17 | issue = 5 | pages = 1434–1445 | date = March 1998 | pmid = 9482740 | pmc = 1170491 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/17.5.1434 }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Piper DE, Batchelor AH, Chang CP, Cleary ML, Wolberger C | title = Structure of a HoxB1-Pbx1 heterodimer bound to DNA: role of the hexapeptide and a fourth homeodomain helix in complex formation | journal = Cell | volume = 96 | issue = 4 | pages = 587–597 | date = February 1999 | pmid = 10052460 | doi = 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80662-5 | s2cid = 16122785 | doi-access = free }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Shen WF, Rozenfeld S, Kwong A, Köm ves LG, Lawrence HJ, Largman C | title = HOXA9 forms triple complexes with PBX2 and MEIS1 in myeloid cells | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 19 | issue = 4 | pages = 3051–3061 | date = April 1999 | pmid = 10082572 | pmc = 84099 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.19.4.3051 }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Jacobs Y, Schnabel CA, Cleary ML | title = Trimeric association of Hox and TALE homeodomain proteins mediates Hoxb2 hindbrain enhancer activity | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 19 | issue = 7 | pages = 5134–5142 | date = July 1999 | pmid = 10373562 | pmc = 84356 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.19.7.5134 }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Knoepfler PS, Bergstrom DA, Uetsuki T, Dac-Korytko I, Sun YH, Wright WE, Tapscott SJ, Kamps MP | display-authors = 6 | title = A conserved motif N-terminal to the DNA-binding domains of myogenic bHLH transcription factors mediates cooperative DNA binding with pbx-Meis1/Prep1 | journal = Nucleic Acids Research | volume = 27 | issue = 18 | pages = 3752–3761 | date = September 1999 | pmid = 10471746 | pmc = 148632 | doi = 10.1093/nar/27.18.3752 }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = McWhirter JR, Neuteboom ST, Wancewicz EV, Monia BP, Downing JR, Murre C | title = Oncogenic homeodomain transcription factor E2A-Pbx1 activates a novel WNT gene in pre-B acute lymphoblastoid leukemia | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 96 | issue = 20 | pages = 11464–11469 | date = September 1999 | pmid = 10500199 | pmc = 18056 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.96.20.11464 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 1999PNAS...9611464M }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Shanmugam K, Green NC, Rambaldi I, Saragovi HU, Featherstone MS | title = PBX and MEIS as non-DNA-binding partners in trimeric complexes with HOX proteins | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 19 | issue = 11 | pages = 7577–7588 | date = November 1999 | pmid = 10523646 | pmc = 84774 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.19.11.7577 }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Mikkola I, Bruun JA, Holm T, Johansen T | title = Superactivation of Pax6-mediated transactivation from paired domain-binding sites by dna-independent recruitment of different homeodomain proteins | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 276 | issue = 6 | pages = 4109–4118 | date = February 2001 | pmid = 11069920 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M008882200 | doi-access = free }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Thameem F, Wolford JK, Bogardus C, Prochazka M | title = Analysis of PBX1 as a candidate gene for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians | journal = Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression | volume = 1518 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 215–220 | date = March 2001 | pmid = 11267683 | doi = 10.1016/S0167-4781(01)00189-0 }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Liu Y, MacDonald RJ, Swift GH | title = DNA binding and transcriptional activation by a PDX1.PBX1b.MEIS2b trimer and cooperation with a pancreas-specific basic helix-loop-helix complex | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 276 | issue = 21 | pages = 17985–17993 | date = May 2001 | pmid = 11279116 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M100678200 | doi-access = free }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Mal A, Sturniolo M, Schiltz RL, Ghosh MK, Harter ML | title = A role for histone deacetylase HDAC1 in modulating the transcriptional activity of MyoD: inhibition of the myogenic program | journal = The EMBO Journal | volume = 20 | issue = 7 | pages = 1739–1753 | date = April 2001 | pmid = 11285237 | pmc = 145490 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/20.7.1739 }}

{{refend}}

• {{MeshName|PBX1+protein,+human}}
• {{PDBe-KB2|P40424|Human Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1}}
• {{PDBe-KB2|P41778|Mouse Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1}}

{{PDB Gallery|geneid=5087}}

{{Transcription factors|g3}}

Category:Transcription factors