PIPES
{{about|the biochemical buffer PIPES|other uses|Pipe (disambiguation)}}
{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 450879654
| Name = PIPES
| ImageFile = PIPES.svg
| ImageName = Chemical structure of PIPES
| PIN = 2,2{{prime}}-(Piperazine-1,4-diyl)di(ethane-1-sulfonic acid)
| OtherNames = PIPES
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo = 5625-37-6
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = G502H79V6L
| PubChem = 6992709
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 72022
| SMILES = C1CN(CCN1CCS(=O)(=O)O)CCS(=O)(=O)O
| InChI = 1/C8H18N2O6S2/c11-17(12,13)7-5-9-1-2-10(4-3-9)6-8-18(14,15)16/h1-8H2,(H,11,12,13)(H,14,15,16)
| InChIKey = IHPYMWDTONKSCO-UHFFFAOYAG
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C8H18N2O6S2/c11-17(12,13)7-5-9-1-2-10(4-3-9)6-8-18(14,15)16/h1-8H2,(H,11,12,13)(H,14,15,16)
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = IHPYMWDTONKSCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = C8H18N2O6S2
| MolarMass = 302.37
| Appearance = White powder
| Solubility = 1 g/L (100 °C)
| MeltingPt = Decomposes above 300 °C
| BoilingPt = Decomposes
}}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/p4789.htm External MSDS]
| MainHazards = Irritant
| NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-F = 0
}}
}}
PIPES (piperazine-N,N{{prime}}-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid)) is a frequently used buffering agent in biochemistry. It is an ethanesulfonic acid buffer developed by Good et al. in the 1960s.{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/bi00866a011|title=Hydrogen Ion Buffers for Biological Research|year=1966|last1=Good|first1=Norman E.|last2=Winget|first2=G. Douglas|last3=Winter|first3=Wilhelmina|last4=Connolly|first4=Thomas N.|last5=Izawa|first5=Seikichi|last6=Singh|first6=Raizada M. M.|journal=Biochemistry|volume=5|pages=467–77|pmid=5942950|issue=2}}
Applications
PIPES has two pKa values. One pKa (6.76 at 25 °C) is near the physiological pH which makes it useful in cell culture work. Its effective buffering range is 6.1-7.5 at 25 °C. The second pKa value is at 2.67 with a buffer range of from 1.5-3.5. PIPES has been documented minimizing lipid loss when buffering glutaraldehyde histology in plant and animal tissues.Salema, R. and Brando, I., J. Submicr. Cytol., 9, 79 (1973).Schiff, R.I. and Gennaro, J.F., Scaning Electron Microsc., 3, 449 (1979). Fungal zoospore fixation for fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy were optimized with a combination of glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde in PIPES buffer.{{cite journal|author=Hardham, A.R.|journal=Journal of Histochemistry|volume= 33|pages=110–8|year=1985|title=Studies on the cell surface of zoospores and cysts of the fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi: The influence of fixation on patterns of lectin binding|url=http://www.jhc.org/cgi/content/abstract/33/2/110|pmid=3918095|issue=2|doi=10.1177/33.2.3918095|doi-access=free}} It has a negligible capacity to bind divalent ions.{{cite web|title=Hopax Fine Chemicals - Biological buffers and their interactions with metal ions|url=https://www.hopaxfc.com/en/blog/biological-buffers-and-their-interactions-with-metal-ions}}
See also
References
{{reflist|2}}
{{Piperazines}}
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