Palermo, Montevideo

File:Barrio reus al sur 20170112 1771636651.jpg

The neighborhood emerged in the second half of the 19th century with the expansion of the Barrio Sur towards the east of the Central Cemetery of Montevideo. It was an unattractive area due to the storms that hit it and the proximity to the cemetery, so low-income people settled there. The area began to be called Palermo in the 1860s due to the existence of a store owned by Sicilian immigrants, whose sign read: {{Language with name/for|es|Almacén de Comestibles de la Nueva Ciudad de Palermo|Grocery Store of the New City of Palermo}}.{{Cite web |title=Palermo {{!}} Municipio B |url=https://municipiob.montevideo.gub.uy/node/291 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706040340/https://municipiob.montevideo.gub.uy/node/291 |archive-date=2022-07-06 |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=municipiob.montevideo.gub.uy }}

In 1887, businessman Emilio Reus began to build Reus al Sur, a housing area that bears its name and which has a twin in the Villa Muñoz neighborhood, Reus al Norte.{{Cite web |date=2017-03-13 |title=Barrio Reus al Sur |url=https://montevideo.gub.uy/areas-tematicas/turismo/mirador-panoramico/barrio-reus-al-sur |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120044911/https://montevideo.gub.uy/areas-tematicas/turismo/mirador-panoramico/barrio-reus-al-sur |archive-date=2023-11-20 |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=Intendencia de Montevideo. |language=es }} Throughout the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th, a large number of immigrants from Europe settled in the neighborhood, mainly Italians and Spaniards, as well as Jews from different countries.{{Cite web |title=Barrio Sur {{!}} Municipio B |url=https://municipiob.montevideo.gub.uy/node/185 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702061933/https://municipiob.montevideo.gub.uy/node/185 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=municipiob.montevideo.gub.uy }}

In addition to European immigrants, many Afro-Uruguayans who with the abolition of slavery in 1842 moved to the southern area of the city, living in collective housing known as conventillos. In these conventillos, the Afro population maintained their old traditions and rituals, such as making music with marching drums, originating to Candombe.{{Cite web |title=Historia de los barrios: Barrio Sur y Palermo |url=https://amec.uy/blog/cultura/historia-de-los-barrios-barrio-sur-y-palermo/ |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=amec.uy |language=es}} Due to this, the neighborhood is the center of the Uruguayan Carnival festivities, since along its Isla de Flores street –which also runs through Barrio Sur– the Desfile de Llamadas is held annually, in which a large number of comparsas parade, emulating the slave marches during the colonial era.{{Cite web |title=Desfile de Llamadas |url=https://www.descubrimontevideo.uy/desfile-de-llamadas |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230731014746/https://www.descubrimontevideo.uy/desfile-de-llamadas |archive-date=2023-07-31 |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=Descubri Montevideo |language=es }}

At the beginning of the 20th century, there was a beach, but in the 1930s the Rambla Sur was built, so it was removed and its mass of water moved towards the current coastal limit.{{Cite web |title=Brecha, la desmemoria de Montevideo |url=http://viajes.elpais.com.uy/2014/12/08/brecha-la-desmemoria-de-montevideo/ |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=viajes.elpais.com.uy |language=en-ES}} Much of the neighborhood is land reclaimed from the sea.{{Cite web |title=Barrio Sur y Palermo: "Rivales y hermanos" {{!}} Revista DOSSIER |url=http://revistadossier.com.uy/acervo-cultural-y-patrimonial/barrio-sur-y-palermo-rivales-y-hermanos/ |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=revistadossier.com.uy}}

Palermo is characterized by the existence of old buildings, as well as narrow streets and sidewalks.{{Cite web |title=Barrio Sur {{!}} Municipio B |url=https://municipiob.montevideo.gub.uy/node/292 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602193250/https://municipiob.montevideo.gub.uy/node/292 |archive-date=2023-06-02 |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=municipiob.montevideo.gub.uy }}

In the central area of the neighborhood stands the building of the Uruguayan Work University.{{Cite web |date=2021-09-24 |title=Niños huérfanos, artes y oficios: los secretos del edificio central de la UTU |url=https://www.elpais.com.uy/domingo/ninos-huerfanos-artes-y-oficios-los-secretos-del-edificio-central-de-la-utu |access-date=2023-12-07 |website=EL PAIS |language=en}} Built in an eclectic style, it was a disciplinary center to educate young people with behavioral problems and juvenile delinquents.{{Cite web |date=2018-08-19 |title=Fotos a cielo abierto por los 140 años de la enseñanza de oficios |url=https://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/sociedad/fotos-a-cielo-abierto-por-los-140-anos-de-la-ensenanza-de-oficios |access-date=2023-12-07 |website=EL PAIS |language=en}} The headquarters of the Latin American Integration Association and the Cannabis Museum, opened in 2016, are also located in the area.{{cite web |date=2007-10-19 |title=Cannabis Museum opens in Uruguay - WEST |url=http://www.west-info.eu/cannabis-museum-opens-in-uruguay/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170213165437/http://www.west-info.eu/cannabis-museum-opens-in-uruguay/ |archive-date=2017-02-13 |accessdate=2017-02-13 |publisher=West-info.eu}}

In the southern area near the coast is the Embassy of the United States and the Espacio Libre Alemania, a public square around which stands the Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany, as well as the headquarters of the Postal Union of the Americas, Spain and Portugal (UPAEP){{Cite web |title=UNIÓN POSTAL {{!}} Montevideo Audiovisual |url=https://mvdaudiovisual.montevideo.gub.uy/es/locaciones/uni%C3%B3n-postal |access-date=2023-12-07 |website=mvdaudiovisual.montevideo.gub.uy}} and the Uruguayan multinational PedidosYa.{{Cite web |title=PedidosYa estrena 7 pisos de nuevas oficinas |url=https://www.montevideo.com.uy/Negocios-y-Tendencias/PedidosYa-estrena-7-pisos-de-nuevas-oficinas-uc758440 |access-date=2023-12-07 |website=Montevideo Portal |language=es}} In addition, high-rise apartment buildings similar to Soviet Khrushchevkas were built along the coastline in the 1980s.{{Cite web |date=2020-08-09 |title=CONJUNTO HABITACIONAL BSE {{!}} Montevideo Audiovisual |url=https://mvdaudiovisual.montevideo.gub.uy/es/locaciones/conjunto-habitacional-bse |access-date=2023-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809204023/https://mvdaudiovisual.montevideo.gub.uy/es/locaciones/conjunto-habitacional-bse |archive-date=2020-08-09 |url-status=live }}

• Church and convent of St. Anthony and St. Clare (Roman Catholic, Friars Minor Capuchin)
• Parish Church of Our Lady of the Orchard and St. Joseph (Roman Catholic)

{{Commons category|Palermo, Montevideo}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20110727161551/http://www.montevideo.gub.uy/ciudad/paseos/circuitos-turisticos/barrios-sur-y-palermo Intendencia de Montevideo / Historia del Sur y Palermo]
• [http://www.raicesuruguay.com/raices/barrio_palermo.html Revista Raices / Historia del barrio Palermo]

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