Paratió language
{{Short description|Extinct language of Brazil}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Paratió
| ethnicity = Paratió (= Kapinawá?)
| region = Capibaribe River, Pernambuco
| familycolor = American
| extinct = after 1968
| ref =
| iso3 = none
| linglist = 1a5
| glotto = para1322
| glottorefname = Paratio
| states = Brazil
| fam1 = Xukuruan?
| altname = Prakió
}}
Paratió (also called Prakió{{Cite web |title=Kapinawá - UFPE |url=https://www.ufpe.br/nepe/povos-indigenas/kapinawa |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=www.ufpe.br}}) is an extinct and poorly attested language of northeastern Brazil, known only through a wordlist published in 1958.{{Cite journal |last=Pompeu Sobrinho |first=Thomaz |date=December 1958 |title=Línguas tapuias desconhecidas do Nordeste: Alguns vocabulários inéditos |url=https://etnolinguistica.wdfiles.com/local--files/biblio%3Apompeu-1958-desconhecidas/Pompeu_1958_LinguasTapuiasDesconhecidasNE_BA2n1.pdf |journal=Boletim de Antropologia |pages=14{{subst:endash}}16}} It appears to have been related to Xukuru, and may have been a dialect, according to Glottolog.
Geographical distribution
It was originally spoken on the Capibaribe River, and was reported by Loukotka (1968) to have been spoken by a few individuals in Cimbres.{{cite book |last=Loukotka |first=Čestmír |authorlink=Čestmír Loukotka |title=Classification of South American Indian languages |url=https://archive.org/details/classificationof0007louk |url-access=registration |publisher=UCLA Latin American Center |year=1968 |location=Los Angeles}}
History
As of the 1900s, the Xukuru population still had some recollection of the Paratió population, however the Paratió's geographical location suggests that they could be ancestors of the Kapinawá.{{Cite journal |last=Augusto Laranjeiras Sampaio |first=José |date=1995 |title=NOTAS SOBRE A FORMAÇÃO HISTÓRICA, ETNICIDADE E CONSTITUIÇÃO TERRITORIAL DO POVO KAPINAWÁ (Notes regarding the historical formation, ethnicity and territorial claim of the Kapinawá people) |url=https://acervo.socioambiental.org/sites/default/files/documents/CWD00015.pdf |journal=Instituto Socioambiental |pages=5}}
Vocabulary
=Pompeu Sobrinho (1958)=
These word lists of language varieties from the Serra do Urubá (also known as the Serra do Arorobá or Serra do Ororubá, located in the municipality of Pesqueira, Pernambuco) are reproduced from Pompeu Sobrinho (1958).Pompeu Sobrinho, Thomaz. 1958. [https://etnolinguistica.wdfiles.com/local--files/biblio%3Apompeu-1958-desconhecidas/Pompeu_1958_LinguasTapuiasDesconhecidasNE_BA2n1.pdf Línguas Tapuias desconhecidas do Nordeste: Alguns vocabulários inéditos]. Boletim de Antropologia (Fortaleza-Ceará) 2. 3-19. According to Loukotka (1968), the following wordlists represent Paratió.
Below is a vocabulary collected by Domingos Cruz in Pesqueira, Pernambuco from his informant Rodrigues de Mendonça, who was originally from the Serra do Urubá:
:
| class="wikitable sortable"
! Portuguese gloss !! "Serra do Urubá" | |
| cabeça (head) | kreká, kri, ká |
| cabeça de vaca (cow head) | kreká memêngo |
| chapéu (hat) | kriákugo, kriá |
| chuva (rain) | kraxixi |
| comida (food) | kringó |
| comida boa (good food) | kringó konengo |
| cachaça (liquor) | irínka |
| bom, boa (good) | konengo |
| chefe, mais velho (boss, older) | taióp |
| deus (God) | tupá |
| faca grande (big knife) | xaníko |
| faca pequena (small knife) | saquarék |
| homem (man) | xiakrók |
| homem branco (white man) | karé |
| homem índio (Indian man) | xenunpe |
| homem defeituoso (deformed man) | jajú |
| fome (hunger) | xurák |
| inimigo (enemy) | aredirí |
| ir embora (go away) | nuntógo |
| mulher (woman) | krippó |
| milho (corn) | xigó |
| nevoeiro (fog) | batukin |
| lua (moon) | limolago |
| sol (sun) | oraci |
| pedra (stone) | krá |
| pedra (em cima da terra) [stone (on top of the earth)] | krá xixí |
| pé (foot) | poiá |
| defeito (defect) | guxú |
| pé defeituoso (defective foot) | poiá guxú |
| ruim (bad) | aguá, pigó |
| homem branco ruim (bad white man) | karé aguá |
| homem branco bom (good white man) | karé konengo |
| O inimigo vem aí. (The enemy is coming.) | arediri arediri |
Vocabulary collected by Domingos Cruz from his informant Pedro Rodrigues, who was originally from the sitio of Gitó in the Serra do Urubá:
:
| class="wikitable sortable"
! Portuguese gloss !! Gitó variety | |
| aguardente (liquor) | orinka |
| aldeiamento (village) | taiopo maritáro |
| arco (arma) [bow (weapon)] | tamaingú, temaigú |
| carne (meat) | inxi, ixi |
| fome (hunger) | xurák |
| negro (homem) (black man) | taká |
| cabra (goat) | krexkuák jãtarinta |
| negra (black) | taká jipu |
| onça (jaguar) | jetôme |
| raça, tribo (race, tribe) | xekurú |
| marinheiro (estrangeiro) [sailor (foreigner)] | karé irut |
| carne (meat) | inxin |
| comedor de carne (meat eater) | inzin aragogú |
| mentiroso (liar) | jupegúgo |
| lua (moon) | limolágo |
| sol (sun) | orací |
| deus (God) | tupá |
| Nossa Senhora (Our Lady (Virgin Mary)) | Tamaipí |
Vocabulary collected by José Joaquim in Rio Branco, Pernambuco of a language spoken in the Serra do Urubá:
:
| class="wikitable sortable"
! Portuguese gloss !! "Serra do Urubá" | |
| bom dia (good morning) | degómen |
| cacete (club) | kirí, quirí |
| cabeça (head) | krêkió |
| batata (potato) | baká, koxó |
| altar (altar) | oiô |
| canela (tíbia) (shin, tibia) | gatí |
| canela fina (fine shin) | gatirí |
| cachaça (liquor) | urínka |
| ? () | urinka karóba |
| mão (hand) | kêerakê |
| dedo (finger) | atirí, tirí |
| nariz (nose) | korõzó |
| espiga (milho) [ear (of corn)] | tók, tóque |
| fumo, tabaco (smoke, tobacco) | mãjá |
| Como vai? (How are you?) | adeusá |
| livro (book) | quatirá |
| fino (thin) | irí |
| longe (far) | tigí |
| ir embora (go away) | ombêira |
| livrar-se (get rid of) | muntógo |
| feijão (bean) | jejá |
| cara, rosto (face) | nãí |
| cara feia (ugly face) | naiogo |
| negro (homem) (black man) | taka |
| olhar (look) | antiá |
| pano (cloth) | mití (?) |
| pano velho (farrapo) (old cloth, rag) | takó |
| mandioca ou macaxeira (cassava or manioc) | xaká |
| milho (corn) | xigó |
| vertir (pour, spill) | tadí |
| roupa (clothes) | kunãgo |
| roupa nova (new clothes) | tiliká |
| roupa velha (old clothes) | takó |
| girau (turned) | koiá |
| livro (book) | katirá, quatirá |
| tamboeira (de milho) (poorly sprouted corn) | boró tiga |
| espiga de milho (corn cob) | tiga gugá |
References
{{Languages of Brazil}}
{{NE Brazil languages}}
Category:Extinct languages of South America
Category:Indigenous languages of Northeastern Brazil
{{Na-lang-stub}}