Patrick Burn Formation
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Patrick Burn Formation
| image =
| caption =
| type = Formation
| age = Upper {{fossilrange|Llandovery}}
| period = Silurian
| prilithology =Sandstone, Siltstone, Mudstone
| otherlithology =
| namedfor =
| namedby =
| region = Scotland
| country = United Kingdom
| coordinates =
| unitof =Priesthill Group
| subunits =
| underlies =Castle Formation
| overlies =Ponesk Burn Formation (presumed, actual boundary is cut by a fault)
| thickness =850 m
| extent =
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The Patrick Burn Formation is a Silurian aged geological formation outcropping near Lesmahagow in Lanarkshire in the Scottish Lowlands. Fossils are known from the formation, including from the Birk Knowes locality.{{Cite book |last1=D. |first1=Dineley |url=https://hub.jncc.gov.uk/assets/f722dcd3-4cf1-46d8-9624-56abff537c8d |title=Fossil Fishes of Great Britain. |last2=S. |first2=Metcalf |publisher=Peterborough |year=1999 |isbn=1-86107-470-0 |series=Geological Conservation Review Series |volume=16}}{{Cite journal |last1=Žigaitė |first1=Živile |last2=Goujet |first2=Daniel |date=2012 |title=New observations on the squamation patterns of articulated specimens ofLoganellia scotica(Traquair, 1898) (Vertebrata: Thelodonti) from the Lower Silurian of Scotland |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2012n2a1 |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=253–270 |doi=10.5252/g2012n2a1 |s2cid=73663549 |issn=1280-9659|url-access=subscription }}
Description
According to the British Geological Survey, the primary lithology of the formation consists of "Alternating beds of grey feldspathic, medium-grained turbiditic sandstone and grey siltstone with beds of grey laminated siltstone and silty mudstone."{{Cite web |title=Patrick Burn Formation |url=https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=PKB |access-date=2023-09-02 |website=BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units |publisher=British Geological Survey}} The Birk Knowes site contains fossils from non-marine or marginal marine environment.{{Cite journal |last1=Tetlie |first1=O. Erik |last2=Braddy |first2=Simon J. |date=2003 |title=The first Silurian chasmataspid, Loganamaraspis dunlopi gen. et sp. nov. (Chelicerata: Chasmataspidida) from Lesmahagow, Scotland, and its implications for eurypterid phylogeny |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/earth-and-environmental-science-transactions-of-royal-society-of-edinburgh/article/abs/first-silurian-chasmataspid-loganamaraspis-dunlopi-gen-et-sp-nov-chelicerata-chasmataspidida-from-lesmahagow-scotland-and-its-implications-for-eurypterid-phylogeny/F2355DC34D69BB2A800023B67F4A4581 |journal=Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh |language=en |volume=94 |issue=3 |pages=227–234 |doi=10.1017/S0263593300000638 |s2cid=73596575 |issn=1473-7116|url-access=subscription }} In 2000, Birk Knowes was closed by the Scottish government agency Scottish Natural Heritage (now NatureScot), due to the theft of specimens from the site by amateur collectors during the preceding decades, who essentially exhausted the fossiliferous deposit. At least some of the fossils ended up in a museum in Berlin, who refused to return them.{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Huw |date=2003 |title=Filched Fish Fossils |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/today/reports/archive/science_nature/fossils.shtml |access-date=2023-01-12 |website=BBC Radio 4 Today}}{{Cite journal |last=Hose |first=Thomas A. |date=2012-04-01 |title=3G's for Modern Geotourism |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-011-0052-y |journal=Geoheritage |language=en |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=7–24 |doi=10.1007/s12371-011-0052-y |bibcode=2012Geohe...4....7H |s2cid=144250723 |issn=1867-2485|url-access=subscription }}{{Cite news |last=Langlands |first=Eva |date=2023-09-01 |title=Looters destroy Scotland's fossil heritage sites |newspaper=The Times |language=en |url=https://www.thetimes.com/best-law-firms/profile-legal/article/looters-destroy-scotlands-fossil-heritage-sites-69kgjzjwzlp |access-date=2023-09-01 |issn=0140-0460}}University of Glasgow 23 May 2002 [https://www.dph.gla.ac.uk/news/archiveofnews/2002/may/headline_29743_en.html MOVE TO HALT FOSSIL THEFT AND DAMAGE IN SCOTLAND]
Paleobiota
= Arthropods =
| class="wikitable sortable" style="background:white; width:100%;"
! colspan="4" align="center" |Arthropods |
| Species
!Notes !Images |
|---|
| Slimonia acuminata
|A slimonid eurypterid. |
| Erettopterus bilobus
|A pterygotid eurypterid. |
| ?Nanahughmilleria lanceolata
|An adelophthalmid eurypterid. | |
| ?Hardieopterus lanarkensis
|A hardieopterid eurypterid. | |
| Loganamaraspis dunlopi
|A chasmataspidid. | |
| Cyamocephalus loganensis
|A synziphosurine. |
| Pseudoniscus falcatus
|A synziphosurine. | |
| Ainiktozoon loganense
|A thylacocephalan. |
| Ceratiocaris papilio
|A phyllocarid. |File:FMIB_46280_Ceratiocaris_papilio,_one_of_the_fossil_Phyllocarda.jpeg |
= Chordates =
| class="wikitable sortable" style="background:white; width:100%;"
! colspan="4" align="center" |Chordates |
| Species
!Notes !Images |
|---|
| Loganellia scotica
|A loganelliid thelodont. |
| Jamoytius kerwoodi
|An enigmatic chordate. |
See also
{{Portal|Earth sciences|Scotland|Paleontology}}
References
- {{cite web|title= Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database|author= ((Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database))|url= https://www.fossilworks.org|access-date= 17 December 2021}}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20230324003913/https://birkknowesaffairs.com/ Birk Knowes affairs archive]
Category:Geologic formations of Scotland
Category:Silurian System of Europe
Category:Silurian southern paleotropical deposits
Category:Mudstone formations of the United Kingdom
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