Paulet Island
{{short description|Island of Antarctica}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox islands
| name = Paulet Island
| image_name = Paulet Island (ringed) - Joinville Island Group, British Antarctic Territory.svg
| image_caption = Location of Paulet Island
| map = Antarctica
| map_caption = Location in Antarctica
| nickname =
| location = Antarctica
| coordinates = {{coord|63|35|S|55|47|W|type:isle|display=inline,title}}
| archipelago = Joinville Island group
| total_islands =
| major_islands =
| area_km2 =
| length_km = 1.5
| width_km = 1.5
| highest_mount =
| elevation_m =
| population = Uninhabited
| population_as_of =
| density_km2 =
| ethnic_groups =
| country = None
| treaty_system = Antarctic Treaty System
}}
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Paulet Island
| photo = Paulet.Is.Dec.04.jpg
| photo_caption = Paulet Island, December 2004
| elevation_m = 353
| elevation_ref = {{cite gvp|vn=390041|name=Paulet}}
| prominence_m = 353
| prominence_ref =
| location = Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica
| range =
| coordinates = {{coord|63|35|S|55|47|W|type:isle|display=inline}}
| topo =
| type = Cinder cone
| age =
| last_eruption = Unknown
| first_ascent =
| easiest_route =
}}
Paulet Island is a circular island about {{convert|1.5|km|abbr=on}} in diameter, lying {{convert|4.5|km|abbr=on}} south-east of Dundee Island, off the north-eastern end of the Antarctic Peninsula. Because of its large penguin colony, it is a popular destination for sightseeing tours.
Description
The island is composed of lava flows capped by a cinder cone with a small summit crater. Geothermal heat keeps parts of the island ice-free, and the youthful morphology of the volcano suggests that it was last active within the last 1,000 years. The island is part of the James Ross Island Volcanic Group.{{cite web|url=http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/506743/1/BAS%20GEOMAP%202,%20sheet%205%20-%20Geological%20map%20of%20James%20Ross%20Island%20-%20I%20-%20James%20Ross%20Island%20volcanic%20group.pdf|title=Geological Map of James Ross Island|access-date=2020-03-23}}
Historic monuments
Paulet Island was discovered by a British expedition (1839–1843) under James Clark Ross and named by him for Captain the Right Honorable Lord George Paulet, Royal Navy.
In 1903 during the Swedish Antarctic Expedition led by Otto Nordenskiöld his ship Antarctic was crushed and sunk by the ice off the coast of the island. A stone hut built in February 1903 by shipwreck survivors, together with the grave of an expedition member, and the cairn built on the highest point of the island to draw the attention of rescuers, have been designated a Historic Site or Monument (HSM 41), following a proposal by Argentina and the United Kingdom to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting.{{cite web |url= http://www.ats.aq/documents/ATCM35/WW/atcm35_ww003_e.pdf|title= List of Historic Sites and Monuments approved by the ATCM (2012)|access-date=2013-12-31 |publisher=Antarctic Treaty Secretariat |year=2012}} The shipwrecked crew of the Endurance planned to travel to the island and use stores there that were left by the Swedish Expedition, but the ice pack that they were stranded on eventually drifted too far east.{{Cite book|title=Shipwreck at the Bottom of the World|last=Armstrong|first=Jennifer|publisher=Knopf a imprint of Random House Children's Books, a division of Random House LLC, a Penguin Random House Company|year=1998}}
Important Bird Area
The island has been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports a very large breeding colony of about 100,000 pairs of Adélie penguins. Other birds known to nest on the island include imperial shags, snow petrels and kelp gulls.{{cite web |url= http://www.birdlife.org |title= Paulet Island|access-date=2013-01-12 |work= BirdLife data zone: Important Bird Areas |publisher= BirdLife International |year= 2013}}
Gallery
Image:Paulet Island.jpg|Paulet Island (February 2007)
Image:Paulet Island Adelie Pinguin Kolonie.JPG|Adelie penguin colony on Paulet Island
Image:Paulet-102.jpg|Paulet Island (December 2021)
See also
References
{{reflist}}
Bibliography
- Antarctica. Sydney: Reader's Digest, 1985, pp. 152–159.
- Child, Jack. Antarctica and South American Geopolitics: Frozen Lebensraum. New York: Praeger Publishers, 1988, pp. 69, 72.
- Lonely Planet, Antarctica: a Lonely Planet Travel Survival Kit, Oakland, CA: Lonely Planet Publications, 1996, 302.
- Stewart, Andrew, Antarctica: An Encyclopedia. London: McFarland and Co., 1990 (2 volumes), p 752.
- U.S. National Science Foundation, Geographic Names of the Antarctic, Fred G. Alberts, ed. Washington: NSF, 1980.
- {{cite book | editor-last = LeMasurier | editor-first = W. E. | editor2-last = Thomson | editor2-first = J. W. | title = Volcanoes of the Antarctic Plate and Southern Oceans | publisher = American Geophysical Union | year = 1990 | isbn = 0-87590-172-7 | page = 512 pp }}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930152449/http://www.awi-bremerhaven.de/Publications/Fri2005d_abstract.html More information about Paulet Island]
- [http://cruises.about.com/od/antarcticacruises/ss/antarctica_log_3.htm Picture of Paulet Island with thousands of Antarctic Penguins]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20050911033002/http://www.greglasley.net/paulet.html Another picture of Paulet Island]
- [http://www.air-and-space.com/200101%20Antarctica/23%20Paulet%20Islanda.htm Comprehensive Report about Paulet Island with a lot of pictures]
{{Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica|state=collapsed}}
{{Important Bird Areas of Antarctica}}
Category:Mountains of Graham Land
Category:Volcanoes of Graham Land
Category:Islands of the Joinville Island group
Category:Important Bird Areas of Antarctica