Pediococcus

Pediococcus is, along with other lactic acid bacteria such as Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus, responsible for the fermentation of cabbage, making it sauerkraut. In this process, the sugars in fresh cabbage are fermented to lactic acid, which gives sauerkraut a sour flavour and good keeping qualities.

Pediococcus bacteria are usually considered contaminants of beer and wine, although their presence is sometimes desired in beer styles such as lambic and Berliner Weisse.{{cite web |last1=Vidergar |first1=Cyril |title=Beer becomes food in sour ales |url=https://www.timescall.com/2020/11/17/cyril-vidergar-beer-becomes-food-in-sour-ales/ |website=timescall.com |publisher=MediaNews Group, Inc. |access-date=12 January 2021 |date=18 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201118143115/https://www.timescall.com/2020/11/17/cyril-vidergar-beer-becomes-food-in-sour-ales/ |archive-date=2020-11-18 }} Certain Pediococcus isolates produce diacetyl which gives a buttery or butterscotch aroma to some wines (such as Chardonnay) and a few styles of beer. Pediococcus species are often used in silage inoculants. Pediococci are used as probiotics, and are commonly added as beneficial microbes in the creation of sausages, cheeses and yogurts.

The genus Pediococcus comprises the following species:{{cite web | vauthors = Euzéby JP, Parte AC | url = https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/pediococcus | title = Pediococcus | access-date = July 2, 2021 | publisher = List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)}}

• Pediococcus acidilactici Lindner 1887 (Approved Lists 1980)
• Pediococcus argentinicus De Bruyne et al. 2008
• Pediococcus cellicola Zhang et al. 2005
• Pediococcus claussenii Dobson et al. 2002
• Pediococcus damnosus Claussen 1903 (Approved Lists 1980)
• Pediococcus ethanolidurans Liu et al. 2006
• Pediococcus inopinatus Back 1988
• Pediococcus parvulus Günther and White 1961 (Approved Lists 1980)
• Pediococcus pentosaceus Mees 1934 (Approved Lists 1980)
• "Pediococcus perniciosus" Claussen 1903 nom. inval.
• Pediococcus siamensis Tanasupawat et al. 2007
• Pediococcus stilesii Franz et al. 2006

Former members:

• "Pediococcus dextrinicus" reclassified as Lapidilactobacillus dextrinicus.{{cite journal | last1 = Haakensen | first1 = M | last2 = Dobson | first2 = CM | last3 = Hill | first3 = JE | last4 = Ziola | first4 = B | title = Reclassification of Pediococcus dextrinicus (Coster and White 1964) Back 1978 (Approved Lists 1980) as Lactobacillus dextrinicus comb. nov., and emended description of the genus Lactobacillus | journal = International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology | volume = 59 | issue = Pt 3 | pages = 615–21 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19244449 | doi = 10.1099/ijs.0.65779-0| doi-access = free }}
• "Pediococcus halophilus" reclassified as Tetragenococcus halophilus.
• "Pediococcus lolii" reclassified as Pediococcus acidilactici.
• "Pediococcus urinaeequi" reclassified as Aerococcus urinaeequi.
• "Pediococcus cerevisiae" strains reclassified to P. damnosus, P. acidilactici and P. pentosaceus.{{cite journal |last1=Papagianni |first1=M |last2=Anastasiadou |first2=S |title=Pediocins: The bacteriocins of Pediococci. Sources, production, properties and applications. |journal=Microbial Cell Factories |date=8 January 2009 |volume=8 |pages=3 |doi=10.1186/1475-2859-8-3 |pmid=19133115|pmc=2634753 |s2cid=2857376 |doi-access=free }}

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature and the phylogeny is based on whole-genome sequences.{{cite journal | vauthors = Zheng J, Wittouck S, Salvetti E, Franz CM, Harris HM, Mattarelli P, O'Toole PW, Pot B, Vandamme P, Walter J, Watanabe K, Wuyts S, Felis GE, Gänzle MG, Lebeer S | year = 2020 | title = A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae | journal = Int J Syst Evol Microbiol | volume = 70 | issue = 4 | pages = 2782–2858 | doi = 10.1099/ijsem.0.004107 | pmid = 32293557 | doi-access = free | hdl = 10067/1738330151162165141 | hdl-access = free }}

{{Clade | style=font-size:75%;line-height:75%

|1={{clade

|label1=Pediococcus

|1={{clade

|1={{clade

|1={{clade

|1=Pediococcus claussenii

|2=Pediococcus argentinicus

}}

|2={{clade

|1=Pediococcus acidilactici

|2={{clade

|1=Pediococcus pentosaceus

|2=Pediococcus stilesii

}}

}}

}}

|2={{clade

|1={{clade

|1=Pediococcus damnosus

|2=Pediococcus inopinatus

}}

|2={{clade

|1=Pediococcus cellicola

|2={{clade

|1=Pediococcus ethanolidurans

|2=Pediococcus parvulus

}}

}}

}}

}}

|label2=outgroup

|2=Furfurilactobacillus

}}

}}

{{Reflist|30em}}

• {{cite journal|last1=Abrunhosa|first1=Luis|last2=Ines|first2=Antonio|last3=Rodrigues|first3=Ana I|last4=Guimaraes|first4=Ana|last5=Pereira|first5=Vania L|last6=Parpot|first6=Pier|last7=Mendes-Faia|first7=Arlete|last8=Venancio|first8=Armando|title=Biodegradation of ochratoxin A by Pediococcus parvulus isolated from Douro wines|journal=International Journal of Food Microbiology|volume=188|issue=OCT 1 2014|pages=45–52|doi=10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.07.019|pmid=25087204|date=Oct 2014|hdl=1822/32514|hdl-access=free}}

• [http://www.milkthefunk.com/wiki/Pediococcus Pediococcus at Milk the Funk Wiki]
• [http://bacdive.dsmz.de/index.php?search=Pediococcus&submit=Search Pediococcus at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q3243659}}

Category:Lactobacillaceae

Category:Bacteria used in dairy products

Category:Bacteria genera

{{lactobacilli-stub}}