Perekop

{{Infobox settlement

| settlement_type = Village

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name =

| subdivision_type1 = Republic

| subdivision_name1 = Crimea

| timezone = MSK

| utc_offset = +4

| timezone_DST =

| utc_offset_DST =

| official_name = Perekop

| native_name = {{lang|uk|Перекоп}}
{{lang|chr|Or Qapı}}

| image_shield =

| image_flag =

| subdivision_type2 = Region

| subdivision_name2 = Armiansk municipality

| image_map = Isthmus of Perekop map.png

| map_caption = A map showing the location of Perekop

| pushpin_map = Crimea#Ukraine#European Russia#Black Sea

| pushpin_label_position =

| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Perekop within the Crimea

| pushpin_mapsize =

| pushpin_relief = 0

| coordinates = {{coord|46|9|42|N|33|41|34|E|region:UA|display=inline}}

| elevation_m = 5

| population_total = 919

| population_as_of = 2015|

| postal_code_type = Postal code

| postal_code = 96011|

| area_code = +380-6567

| blank1_info = Or Qapı, Taphros

| blank1_name = Former names|

| blank2_name = Climate

| blank2_info = Cfa

| website =

|module= {{Infobox mapframe|wikidata=yes|zoom=14|marker=village|coord={{WikidataCoord|display=i}}}}

}}

Perekop (Ukrainian & Russian: Перекоп; {{Langx|crh|Or Qapı}}; {{Langx|el|Τάφρος and Τάφραι[https://topostext.org/work/241#T609.9 Stephanus of Byzantium, Ethnica, §T609.9] and Τάφρη}}) is a village located on the Perekop Isthmus connecting the Crimean peninsula to the Ukrainian mainland. It is known for the Or Qapi fortress, which served as the gateway to Crimea. The village currently is part of Armiansk Municipality. Population: {{Crimea-census2014|919|punct=.}}

Name

The original name was of the Greek settlement of Taphros ({{langx|grc|Τάφρος}}) which means a dug-out locality. The people were called Taphrians ({{langx|grc|Τάφριοι}})[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0099.tlg001.perseus-grc1:7.3.19 Strabo, Geography, §7.3.19]

Thereafter it was known by the equivalent name of Or Qapı in the Crimean Tatar language meaning Or - trench and Qapı - gate. In the Middle Ages, Perekop was known as Tuzla.{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Perekop |volume=21 |page=138}} Subsequently, it was known as Perekop in the Slavic languages, which literally means an over-dug locality.

History

Due to its key position, Perekop has endured many sieges.

During the Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739), Russian field marshal Burkhard Christoph von Munnich successfully stormed the fortifications on June 17, 1736 and left the Tatar fortress in ruins. This was a serious, if not mortal, blow to the independence of the Crimean Khanate.

The town was virtually wiped out during the Siege of Perekop by the Red Army in 1920. The siege was a key episode of the Russian Civil War. The success of the Bolsheviks allowed them to oust Pyotr Wrangel's White Army from the Crimea. Twelve years later, the Soviets founded the new town of Krasnoperekopsk {{Convert|32|km|mi|abbr=on}} to the south.

During World War II, Perekop was occupied by the German Army from September 27, 1941 to November 1, 1943. The capture of Perekop (by both the Wehrmacht in 1941 and the Red Army in 1943) was used to cut off Crimea from Ukraine.

References

External links

[http://gska2.rada.gov.ua/pls/z7502/A005?rdat1=20.10.2003&rf7571=558 Registration card at Verkhovna Rada]{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
[http://dir.icm.edu.pl/pl/Slownik_geograficzny/Tom_VII/957 Description of Perekop at the geographical dictionary of Polish Kingdom]
[http://www.hrono.ru/heraldicum/russia/lost/towns/perekop.htm Perekop's Coat of Arms]
[http://www.perekop.info/ A website dedicated to Perekop]

Category:Armiansk Municipality

Category:Villages in Crimea

Category:Perekopsky Uyezd