Peresopnytsia Gospel
{{Short description|16th-century manuscript}}
{{Infobox manuscript
| name = Peresopnytsya Gospel
| location = Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine, Kyiv
| image = Peresopnytske Gospel 04.jpg
| width = 150
| caption = Evangelist portrait of St Luke
| alt = Page from the Gospel
| Also known as = {{langx|uk|Пересопницьке Євангеліє}}
| Type = Gospel
| Date = 1556–1561
| Place of origin =
| Language(s) = Ruthenian
| Scribe(s) = Mykhailo Vasylovych
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| Size = {{convert|380|x|240|mm}}
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| Discovered = Osip Bodyansky (1830s)
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The Peresopnytsia Gospel ({{langx|uk|Пересопницьке Євангеліє|Peresopnytske Yevanheliie}}) is a 16th-century manuscript written in the Ruthenian language. It is today held in the Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine. Since 1991, all Ukrainian presidents have taken the oath of office on the Gospel.
History
The manuscript known as the Peresopnytsia Gospel was made between 15 August 1556 and 29 August 1561 at the Bernardine Monastery, Iziaslav in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Monastery of the Mother of God in Peresopnytsia (now in Ukraine). The scribe was Mykhailo Vasylovych, the son of an archpriest from Sianik, who worked under the direction of Hryhorii, the archimandrite of the Peresopnytsia Monastery.{{cite web |title=Ukraine - Peresopnytsia Gospel (Peresopnitske Yevanhelije). 1556-1561 |url=http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID%3D17039&URL_DO%3DDO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION%3D201.html |website=Memory of the World |publisher=UNESCO |access-date=1 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070312070811/http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID%3D17039%26URL_DO%3DDO_TOPIC%26URL_SECTION%3D201.html |archive-date=12 March 2007 |date=2005}}
The Peresopnytsia Gospel contains the four Gospels of the New Testament. It is ornamented with Cyrillic{{efn|group=1|The claim that these are Glagolitic characters is now widespread, but absent from academic literature. It traces back to the first version of this Wikipedia article.{{cite encyclopedia |title=Peresopnytsia Gospel |encyclopedia=Wikipedia |date=2005-01-27 |author=Perceval |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peresopnytsia_Gospel&oldid=9714825}} The editor responsible relayed the claim from the Dan's Topical Stamps website.{{cite web |author=Dan |title=Peresopnytsia Gospel |url=http://sio.midco.net/danstopicalstamps/peresopnytsia.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030824062848/http://sio.midco.net/danstopicalstamps/peresopnytsia.htm |archive-date=2003-08-24}} The erroneous claim even made it into the Library of Congress description of a book on the manuscript by Aleksandr Sergeevič Gruzinskij, likely as a result of reliance on the Wikipedia article given the absence of such a claim in the book itself.{{cite web |author=Library of Congress |title=Peresopnytsia Gospel, a Monument of the 16th Century Renaissance Art from South Russia |url=https://lccn.loc.gov/2021666596 |date=2021}}}} characters, which were influenced by the Italian Renaissance style. It is the first known example of a Ruthenian (Old Ukrainian) translation of the canonical text of the Scriptures.{{cite book |last1=Hosking |first1=Geoffrey A. |title=Church, Nation and State in Russia and Ukraine |date=23 September 1991 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-349-21566-9 |page=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d36xCwAAQBAJ |language=en}}{{cite book |last1=Plokhy |first1=Serhii |last2=Sysyn |first2=Frank E. |title=Religion and Nation in Modern Ukraine |date=2003 |publisher=Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press |isbn=978-1-895571-45-5 |page=2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=144lAQAAIAAJ |language=en}}
The Gospel was commissioned by {{Ill|Anastasia Yuryivna Zaslavska|uk|Анастасія Юріївна Заславська}}, an Orthodox princess from Volyn, and her daughter and son-in-law Yevdokiya and Ivan Fedorovych Czartoryski.{{cn|date=March 2024}}
After its completion, the book was kept in the Peresopnytsya Monastery. On 17 April 1701, it was presented to Pereyaslav Cathedral by Ivan Mazepa, the hetman of Ukraine. Scholar Osip Bodyansky discovered the book at the Pereyaslav Seminary and published a paper on the subject. Later on it was held in the Poltava Seminary, Poltava Museum of History and Regional Studies, Kyiv Pechersk Lavra preserve. On 24 December 1948, it was placed at the Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine.
Ukrainian presidential oath of office
File:Volodymyr Zelensky 2019 presidential inauguration 04.jpg is inaugurated in 2019 with the Peresopnytsia Gospel]]
All six Ukrainian presidents since 1991 have taken the oath of office on the Gospel: Leonid Kravchuk (1991), Leonid Kuchma (1994), Viktor Yushchenko (2005), Viktor Yanukovych (2010), Petro Poroshenko (2014), and Volodymyr Zelenskyy (2019).{{cite web |last1=Lurie |first1=Max |title="Брать пример с Израиля": чем удивил Зеленский на инаугурации |url=https://www.vesty.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5512276,00.html |website=Vesty |publisher=Yedoth Internet |access-date=20 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819053539/https://www.vesty.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5512276,00.html |archive-date=19 August 2019 |page=|trans-title=“Taking an example from Israel”: what surprised Zelensky at the inauguration |language=ru |date=5 May 2019}}
On 9 November 2010, on the Day of Ukrainian Writing and Language, ADEF-Ukraine publishing house (located in Kyiv) presented the Peresopnytske Evangelie edition. Origins and present.{{cite web |last1=Gladska |first1=Lyudmila |title=У Бучі надрукували перший аркуш Пересопницького Євангеліє |url=https://bucha.com.ua/index.php?newsid=1151067977 |website=Bucha |access-date=4 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128210614/https://bucha.com.ua/index.php?newsid=1151067977#google_vignette |archive-date=28 January 2013 |page=|trans-title=The first page of the Peresopnytskyi Gospel was printed in Bucha |language=uk |date=10 November 2010}} The book contains reduced facsimile copies of images of the original texts, the original text transliterated into the modern Ukrainian Cyrillic alphabet (with the addition of a little more than ten letters from the Church Slavonic Cyrillic alphabet) and a translation of the Peresopnytskyi Gospel into modern Ukrainian.{{cite web |title=Національний проект «Рукопис XXI сторіччя» від видавничого дому «АДЕФ-Україна»]. comin.kmu.gov.ua. |url=http://comin.kmu.gov.ua/control/uk/publish/printable_article?art_id=84198 |publisher=State Committee of Television and Radio Broadcasting of Ukraine |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017214214/http://comin.kmu.gov.ua/control/uk/publish/printable_article?art_id=84198 |archive-date=17 October 2020 |page=|trans-title=National project "Manuscript of the XXI century" from the publishing house "ADEF-Ukraine" |language=uk |date=16 August 2011}}{{cite web |last1=Konstantiova |first1=Kateryna |title=Директор "АДЕФ-Україна" Алла Істоміна: "Про те, як видавали "Пересопницьке Євангеліє", можна написати детектив" |url=https://zn.ua/ukr/ART/direktor-adef-ukrayina-alla-istomina-pro-te-yak-vidavali-peresopnicke-yevangeliye-mozhna-napisati-detektiv-_.html |publisher=Mirror of the Week |access-date=1 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017220054/https://zn.ua/ukr/ART/direktor-adef-ukrayina-alla-istomina-pro-te-yak-vidavali-peresopnicke-yevangeliye-mozhna-napisati-detektiv-_.html |archive-date=17 October 2020 |page=|trans-title=Director of "ADEF-Ukraine" Alla Istomina: "You can write a detective story about how the "Peresopnytsk Gospel" was published" |language=uk |date=6 December 2013}}{{cite web |last1=Tsymbaliuk |first1=Evgeny |last2=Yurkova |first2=Oleksandra |title=Оригінал — у книгосховищі, факсиміле розходяться по світу |url=http://www.golos.com.ua/article/104650 |publisher=Voice of Ukraine |access-date=1 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017215817/http://www.golos.com.ua/article/104650 |archive-date=17 October 2020 |page=|trans-title=The original is in the book depository, facsimiles are scattered around the world |language=uk |date=4 August 2011}}
See also
Notes
{{notelist}}
References
{{reflist}}
Further reading
- {{cite web |last1=|first1=|title=Peresopnytsia Gospel |url=https://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CP%5CE%5CPeresopnytsiaGospel.htm |website=Internet Encyclopaedia of Ukraine |publisher=Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies |access-date=1 March 2024 |ref=none}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Plokhy |first1=Serhii |title=Church, State and Nation in Ukraine |journal=Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe |date=1999 |volume=19 |issue=5 |page=loc=article 2 |url=https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/ree/vol19/iss5/2/ |ref=none |publisher=George Fox University |issn=2693-2229}}
External links
{{commonscat|Peresopnytsia Gospel}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070206051122/http://libraries.theeuropeanlibrary.org/Ukraine/treasures_en.xml Peresopnytsya Gospel] Treasure of the National Library of Ukraine, displayed via The European Library
- [http://risu.org.ua/en/index/all_news/catholics/vatikan/45143/ Article about a copy of the Gospel being donated to the Vatican] from the Religious Information Service of Ukraine
- [https://www.loc.gov/item/2021666596/ Information about a copy of Alexander Gruzinskii's Peresopnytsia Gospel, a Monument of the 16th Century Renaissance Art from South Russia (1911)] from the Library of Congress
- [https://kpi.ua/en/gospel Information about the Gospel] from the National Technical University of Ukraine
- [https://www.kyivpost.com/post/27911 An article about the Gospel] (Kyiv Post)
{{Presidency of Ukraine}}
{{National symbols of Ukraine}}
Category:16th-century biblical manuscripts
Category:History of Christianity in Ukraine
Category:16th-century illuminated manuscripts
Category:National symbols of Ukraine