Petar Zimonjić

{{Infobox saint

| honorific-prefix = Saint

|name= Metropolitan Petar
of Dabar-Bosna

|birth_date= {{birth date|df=yes|1866|6|24}}

|birth_name = Jovan Zimonjić

|death_date= {{death date and age|df=yes|1941|6||1866|6|24}}

|feast_day= 17 September (O.S. 4 October)

|venerated_in= Eastern Orthodox Church

|image= Митрополит Петр (Зимонич).jpg

|imagesize= 205px

|caption=

|birth_place= Grahovo, Nikšić, Montenegro

|death_place= Jasenovac concentration camp, Independent State of Croatia

|titles= Holy hieromartyr

|canonized_date= 1998

|canonized_place= Belgrade

|canonized_by= Serbian Orthodox Church

|attributes= Vested as a bishop

}}

Petar Zimonjić ({{lang-sr-cyr|Петар Зимоњић}}; 24 June 1866 – June 1941) was a bishop of the Serbian Orthodox Church serving as the metropolitan of Dabar-Bosnia in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia from 1920 until the beginning of World War II.

He was killed by Ustaše of the Nazi Germany-aligned Independent State of Croatia in June 1941.{{Cite web|url=http://orthochristian.com/114594.html|title=Protodeacon Vladimir Vasilik. The Role of the Roman Catholic Church in the Genocide of Serbs on the Territory of the "Independent State of Croatia"|website=OrthoChristian.Com|access-date=2019-08-26}}{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/sarajevo1941194500greb|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/sarajevo1941194500greb/page/70 70]|quote=Petar Zimonjić.|title=Sarajevo, 1941–1945: Muslims, Christians, and Jews in Hitler's Europe|last=Greble|first=Emily|date=2011-02-25|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=9780801461217|language=en}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FT4pAQAAMAAJ&q=petar+zimonjic|title=The Serbian Genocide 1941-1945|last=Lees|first=Michael|date=1992 |publisher=Serbian Orthodox Diocese of Western America|language=en}} The Serbian Orthodox Church venerates him as a Saint.

Life

The future Metropolitan Petar was the son of a nobleman (vojvoda) and priest Bogdan Zimonjić from the region of Herzegovina. He was born in Grahovo on 24 June 1866. He attended the seminary in Reljevo (in neighboring Sarajevo) between 1883 and 1887 and continued his education at the Orthodox Theological Faculty in Cernovice from 1887 until his graduation in 1893. In October 1893, Petar was appointed assistant professor at the Reljevo Seminary, and a year later he was appointed professor.

He received the name Petar when he took monastic vows on 6 September 1895. He was ordained deacon on 7 September and presbyter the following day. He became a consistorial advisor in Sarajevo in 1901. He was then elected the Bishop of the Eparchy of Zahumlje and Herzegovina and then on 9 June 1903, Petar was consecrated and enthroned in Mostar. After the retirement of the Metropolitan of Dabar-Bosna Evgenije (Letica), Petar was appointed Metropolitan of the diocese by a royal charter dated 7 November 1920.

Martyrdom

After World War II had broken out, Metropolitan Petar was advised to leave Bosnia and move to Serbia or Montenegro. He replied saying: “I am the people's shepherd, which means that I am bound to stay here and share evil with these people, as I used to share well with them; thus I have to share the destiny of my people and stay where I am supposed to be". He defended consistently the Orthodox faith in front of German Gestapo by insisting on continuing use of the Serbian Cyrillic alphabet instead of changing to the Latin alphabet. A Roman Catholic priest, Božidar Bralo, an adherent of the Croatian Ustaše in charge of Bosnia and Herzegovina, had a decisive role in this severe policy of forbidding the use of the Cyrillic alphabet, including the arrest of Metropolitan Petar.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QwBnceJfwgUC&dq=Petar+Zimonji%C4%87&pg=PA75|title=Le Genocide Occulte|last=Rivelli|first=Marco Aurelio|date=1998|publisher=L'AGE D'HOMME|isbn=9782825111529|language=fr}}

Metropolitan Petar was arrested on 12 May 1941. He was imprisoned first in the Beledija prison, and then three days later he was transported to the Kerestinec camp where he was assigned the number 29781. There, his beard and hair were shaved and all his bishop's insignia were taken away from him. The circumstances of his death are inconsistent. After enduring severe torture, he was moved to Koprivnica and then to either Jasenovac or Gospić concentration camp. According to the testimonies of Jovo Furtula and Jovo Lubura from the Sarajevo District, Metropolitan Petar was killed in the Jasenovac concentration camp.{{Cite web|url=https://www.rastko.rs/istorija/dzomic-uzlocini/uzlocini-episkopi.html|title=[Projekat Rastko] Velibor V. Dzomic: Ustaski zlocini nad srpskim svestenicima (Stradanje srpskih episkopa u NDH)|website=www.rastko.rs|access-date=2019-11-27}} His corpse was then thrown to the fiery furnace used for brick making. However, another version states that Metropolitan Petar was taken to the Jadovno concentration camp,{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zl4NAAAAIAAJ&q=Petar+Zimonji%C4%87|title=Ustaški logori|last=Peršen|first=Mirko|date=1990|publisher=Globus|isbn=9788634305470|language=hr}} where he was killed in a monstrous manner and his remains were thrown to an acid pit.

In 1998, during the regular session of the Holy Synod of the Serbian Orthodox Church Metropolitan Petar was canonized{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zrVBAQAAIAAJ&q=Petar+Zimonji%C4%87+made+saint|title=Religion in Eastern Europe|date=2001|publisher=Ecumenical Press, Temple University|language=en}} and his name was added to the list of other saints of the Serbian people and of Orthodox Christian faith. The Serbian Church marks the memory of him in the third week of September.

References

=Sources=

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