Piccolo trumpet

Image:Trumpet piccolo.jpg trumpet in B{{music|flat}}, with separate lead pipes to tune the instrument to B{{music|flat}} (shorter) or A (longer).]]

The piccolo trumpet in B{{music|flat}} is a transposing instrument, which sounds a minor seventh higher than written.{{sfn|Adler|2016|p=363–4}}{{cite book |title=Cats: 16-piece full score |last=Lloyd Webber |first=Andrew |page=685 |chapter=No. 19: Journey to the Heaviside Layer |publisher=Faber Music |date=2011 }} Not often called for specifically, it is often used at the player's discretion to cover high material as appropriate.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}

File:MIMEd 1299. Hawkes & Son Bach trumpet in Eb-D.png

The piccolo trumpet in D, also known as the Bach trumpet, was invented and first used in the late 19th century by the Belgian instrument maker Victor Mahillon to play the high trumpet parts in music by Bach and Handel.{{Cite web |title=trumpet |url=https://www.britannica.com/art/trumpet |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |language=en}} Built initially in a long linear form with three piston valves, by the early 20th century it was mostly made with the more compact wrap of modern C and B♭ trumpets.{{sfn|Herbert|Myers|Wallace|2019|p=45 |loc=Bach trumpet}} The trumpet in D was called for by several composers, including Stravinsky (The Rite of Spring, Petrushka), Ravel (Boléro), and Britten (Peter Grimes).{{Cite Grove |title=Trumpet |id=49912 |author1-first=Margaret |author1-last=Sarkissian |author2-first=Edward H. |author2-last=Tarr}}

Czech instrument maker Červený first made a piccolo cornet in high B♭ in 1862, but it did not catch on.{{Cite Grove|id=06509 |title=Cornet (i) |author1-first=Anthony C. |author1-last=Baines |author2-first=Arnold |author2-last=Myers}} The modern four-valve piccolo trumpet was advanced by Adolf Scherbaum and Maurice André at the Conservatoire de Paris. Scherbaum was first to specialize in the piccolo trumpet repertoire, discover new baroque works, and create original transcriptions, and André continued this work in collaboration with instrument builder Selmer Paris over a long career.{{Cite Grove|id=00876 |title=André, Maurice |author1-first=Edward H. |author1-last=Tarr}} The instrument enables players to play the difficult high trumpet parts of Baroque music, such as Bach's second Brandenburg Concerto and Mass in B minor.{{sfn|Herbert|Myers|Wallace|2019|p=45 |loc=Bach trumpet}}

The sound production technique is basically the same as that used on the larger B{{music|flat}} trumpet. Air pressure and tonguing are different, and players use a shallower mouthpiece for the piccolo trumpet. Almost all piccolo trumpets have four valves instead of three — the fourth valve usually lowers the pitch by a fourth. This extends the low range and provides alternate fingerings and improved intonation for some notes.

The piccolo trumpet solo in the Beatles' "Penny Lane", which introduced the instrument to pop music, was played by David Mason. Paul McCartney was dissatisfied with the initial attempts at the song's instrumental fill (one of which is released on Anthology 2), and was inspired to use the instrument after seeing Mason's performance in a BBC television broadcast of the second Brandenburg Concerto and asking George Martin what the "tremendously high" trumpet was.{{Cite web |url=http://abel.hive.no/trompet/tpin/Penny_Lane_solo.html |title=Penny Lane solo |access-date=2007-07-09 |archive-date=2007-10-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015064448/http://abel.hive.no/trompet/tpin/Penny_Lane_solo.html |url-status=dead }} Eventually Mason recorded the solo using a piccolo trumpet in A.{{Cite web|url=https://www.nevilleyoung.com/trumpet/pennylane/|title=Penny Lane piccolo trumpet solos|website=Nevilleyoung.com|access-date=19 April 2021}} The piccolo trumpet was also used to quote Bach's Invention no. 8 in F major (BWV 779) during the fade-out of "All You Need Is Love".{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}

Use of the instrument is now commonplace in many musical genres. Maurice André, Otto Sauter, Guy Touvron, Reinhold Friedrich, Adolf Scherbaum, Ludwig Güttler, Wynton Marsalis, Matthias Höfs and Håkan Hardenberger are some well-known piccolo trumpet players.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}

• Brass instrument
• Piccolo (flute)

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| {{cite Q|last=Adler |first=Samuel |date=2016 |Q115258889}}

| {{Cite Q|editor1-last=Herbert |editor1-first=Trevor |editor2-last=Myers |editor2-first=Arnold |editor3-last=Wallace |editor3-first=John |date=2019 |Q114571908}}

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{{Spoken Wikipedia|date=2024-03-19|En-Piccolo-trumpet-article.ogg}}

• [http://www.maurice-andre.com Maurice Andre website] See section : Piccolo tpt
• [http://www.dallasmusic.org/gearhead/Piccolo%20Trumpet%20Guide.html Piccolo trumpet models]
• [http://www.brassreview.com/reviews/showcat.php/cat/7 Piccolo trumpet manufacturers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210004933/http://www.brassreview.com/reviews/showcat.php/cat/7 |date=2012-02-10 }}
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20091026220650/http://geocities.com/emile_meuffels/history/piccolo.html History of the piccolo trumpet]

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Category:B-flat instruments

Category:A instruments

Category:Trumpets

Category:Orchestral instruments