Pinsk

{{refimprove section|date=June 2024}}

• 1097 – the first mention of Pinsk
• 1241 – transfer of the Orthodox diocese from Turov
• 1316 – after this date, Pinsk was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
• 1396 – a Catholic church and a Franciscan monastery were erected
• 1492 – Pinsk becomes a royal city, first owned by King Alexander
• 1569 – Pinsk becomes a seat of the poviat
• 1581 – king Stephen Báthory grants Pinsk city rights
• 1642–1646 - Saint Andrew Bobola stayed in the Jesuit monastery in Pinsk and nearby, conducting evangelistic activity
• 1648 – rebellion of the city and admission of Cossack forces under the command of Colonel Maxim Hładki. The slaughter of burghers not of the Orthodox religion. The assault of Janusz Radziwiłł's troops on the city, under the command of the hetman Hrehory Mirski of about 1200–1300 people, ended with the capture of the city. The city was burned to the ground and about 1/3 – 1/2 of the inhabitants were killed (it is estimated that on the eve of the Khmelnytsky Uprising, Pinsk had about 10,000 inhabitants)
• 1655 – Russians and Cossacks attacked the city and murdered many inhabitants.
• 1657 – in mid-May Zdanowicz's cossacks (about 2,000) destroyed the city and murdered many Roman Catholics. Jesuits, incl. Fr. Simon Maffon and Saint Andrew Bobola
• 1660 – Cossacks attacked Pinsk, robbed a Jesuit college and church, and murdered, among others Fr. Eustachy Piliński
• 1662 – return of the Jesuits to Pinsk, fire of the monastery after a year
• 1666 – foundation of the Dominican monastery
• 1690 – foundation of the Karolin settlement by Jan Karol Dolski
• 1695 – construction of a church and castle in Carolina by Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki
• 1706 – from May 5 to June 3. The capture of Pinsk by King of Sweden Charles XII. Blowing up the castle of Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki
• 1707 – the occupation of Pinsk by the army of General Halast and General Hołowina
• 1709–1710 and in 1716: a great epidemic with thousands of victims
• 1717 – construction of the Bernardine monastery
• 1734 – construction of a Carmelite monastery
• 1756 – construction of the Mariavite Order [de] monastery
• 1767 – construction of the Ogiński Channel
• 1775 – construction of the Royal Canal
• 1793 – the Second Partition of the Commonwealth. Pinsk now belongs to Russian Empire.
• 1795 – establishment of the Catholic diocese of Pinsk (previously Pinsk was in the diocese of Lutsk)
• 1799 – the incorporation of Karolina into Pinsk
• 1796 – the liquidation of the Uniate diocese of Pinsk
• 1799 – liquidation of the Pinsk Catholic diocese (it was moved to Minsk)
• 1812 – in July, Pinsk was taken by Napoleon's army
• 1850 – a candle and soap factory was established
• 1882 – a railway line was brought from Żabinka and a match factory was opened
• 1885 – construction of a river shipyard in Leszcze
• 1907–1909: a provincial circle of the Polish Education Association in Minsk operated in the city, which organized lectures on Polish literature and vocabulary, which, according to a report by the Russian police, "increased Polish national consciousness".
• 1909 – during the local elections 22 Belarusians (orthodox), 7 Poles (catholics), 2 Jews and 1 representative of other nationalities were elected to the city council
• 1915 – Russian authorities abandon the city escaping from advancing German forces

File:FlotyllaPinsk.jpg in Pinsk (before 1926)]]Pinsk was occupied by the German Empire on 15 September 1915, during the First World War. After the German defeat, Pinsk became the subject of dispute between the Belarusian People's Republic and the Ukrainian People's Republic, both short-lived. Pinsk was taken by the advancing Red Army on 25 January 1919, during the Soviet westward offensive of 1918–19. It was retaken by Polish troops on 5 March 1919 during the Polish–Soviet War but was retaken by the Red Army on 23 July 1920 and finally retaken by the Polish on 26 September 1920. Pińsk became part of the reborn Poland in 1920 when the Polish-Soviet War ended with the Peace of Riga, signed in March 1921.Norman Davies (2003). [https://books.google.com/books?id=DMoPXktGwiUC&dq=Riga+an+act+of+cowardice&pg=PA399 White Eagle, Red Star: the Polish-Soviet War, 1919–20.] Pimlico. p. 399. {{ISBN|0-7126-0694-7}}. (First edition: New York, St. Martin's Press, inc., 1972.)

Like many other cities in Eastern Europe, Pinsk had a significant Jewish population before World War II. According to the Russian census of 1897, out of the total number of 28,400 inhabitants, Jews were approximately 74% of the population (21,100 persons), making it one of the most Jewish cities under tsarist rule.Joshua D. Zimmerman (2004), [https://books.google.com/books?id=6sbr9cZyw_4C&dq=population+Brest+Poles+Jews&pg=PA16 Poles, Jews, and the Politics of Nationality.] University of Wisconsin Press, {{ISBN|0-299-19464-7}}, Google Books preview, p. 16. During the Polish-Soviet War, 35 Jewish civilians from Pinsk were executed by the Polish Army in April 1919 after being accused of collaborating with Russian Bolsheviks. The incident, known as the Pinsk massacre, created a diplomatic crisis noted at the Versailles Conference.Best of the memory books, Marcin Wodzinski, Haaretz, Books, February 2009, pp. 28–30{{Cite book |last=Davies |first=Norman |title=White eagle, red star: the Polish-Soviet war, 1919-20 |date=1972 |publisher=Macdonald and Co |isbn=0-356-04013-5 |location=London |oclc=519797}}{{RP|49}}

Pińsk was the initial capital of the Polesie Voivodeship, but it moved to Brześć-nad-Bugiem (now Brest, Belarus) after a citywide fire on 7 September 1921. The population of the city grew rapidly in interwar Poland from 23,497 in 1921 to 33,500 in 1931. Pińsk became a bustling commercial centre, and 70% of the population was Jewish, in spite of considerable migration.{{cite web |title= Original film footage: "In the land of rivers and bogs" newsreel chronicle |trans-title= W krainie rzek i moczarów |id= Sygnatura: MF.271 Data wydania: 1936. Czas trwania: 00:01:16 |url= http://repozytorium.fn.org.pl/?q=pl/node/4218 |author=((PAT MF.271)) |date= 1936}}

{{cite web |title= History of Pinsk in the Borderlands |trans-title= Pińsk. O dziejach kresowego miasta |author= Cezary Rudziński |publisher= Otwarty Przewodnik Krajoznawczy |url= http://www.krajoznawcy.info.pl/o-dziejach-kresowego-miasta-7147/2 |date= 2017}}

Following the Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939, Pinsk and the surrounding area was annexed to the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. It was the seat of the Pinsk Oblast from 1940.

After Operation Barbarossa, Germany occupied Pinsk from 4 July 1941 to 14 July 1944, as part of the Reichskommissariat Ukraine. Most Jews were killed in late October 1942 during the liquidation of the Pińsk Ghetto by the German Ordnungspolizei and the Byelorussian Auxiliary Police, 10,000 being murdered in one day. In 1945, after postwar border adjustments of Poland, Pinsk again became part of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.

In 1954 it became part of the Brest Voblast.

Pinsk has formed part of the Republic of Belarus since Belarusian independence from the Soviet Union in 1991.

Three main sights of the town are lined along the river: the Assumption Cathedral of the Monastery of the Greyfriars (1712–1730), with a campanile from 1817, the Jesuit collegium (1635–1648); a large Mannerist complex, whose cathedral was demolished after World War II by communists; and the Butrymowicz Palace (1784–1790), built for Mateusz Butrymowicz, an important political and economical figure of Pinsk and Polesie. The Church of St. Charles Borromeo (1770—1782) and St. Barbara Cathedral of the Monastery of the St. Bernard Order (1786–1787) are placed near historic centre in the former Karolin suburb, which is now part of Pinsk. The foremost modern building is the black-domed Orthodox Cathedral of St. Theodore.

File:Pinsk-Rynak.jpg|Old Market Square

File:Pinsk, Nabiarežnaja-Rynak. Пінск, Набярэжная-Рынак (1920).jpg|Cathedral of St. Stanislaus and church of St. Dominic

File:%D0%9Fi%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA,%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%91%D0%BB.JPG|Cathedral of Name of the Blessed Virgin Mary

File:%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA._%D0%91%D1%8B%D0%B2%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8C_%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2..JPG|Monastery of the Greyfriars

File:Цэнтр Пінска 12.jpg|Jesuit collegium

File:Church_of_St._Charles_Borromeo,_Pinsk.JPG|Church of St. Charles Borromeo

File:%D0%9Fi%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA,%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0.JPG|St. Barbara Cathedral

File:Pinsk Saint-Feodor-Cathedral.jpg|St. Theodore Cathedral

File:Synagogue_in_Pinsk.jpg|Old Synagogue

File:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87%D0%B0_3.jpg|Butrymowicz Palace

{{Weather box

| location = Pinsk (1991–2020, extremes 1875–present)

| metric first = yes

| single line = yes

| Jan record high C = 14.3

| Feb record high C = 16.4

| Mar record high C = 26.0

| Apr record high C = 30.2

| May record high C = 32.9

| Jun record high C = 36.1

| Jul record high C = 36.2

| Aug record high C = 36.3

| Sep record high C = 35.5

| Oct record high C = 26.7

| Nov record high C = 20.3

| Dec record high C = 12.8

| year record high C = 36.3

| Jan high C = -0.7

| Feb high C = 0.9

| Mar high C = 6.4

| Apr high C = 14.3

| May high C = 20.2

| Jun high C = 23.4

| Jul high C = 25.3

| Aug high C = 24.8

| Sep high C = 18.8

| Oct high C = 12.2

| Nov high C = 5.3

| Dec high C = 0.7

| year high C = 12.6

| Jan mean C = -3.0

| Feb mean C = -2.0

| Mar mean C = 2.2

| Apr mean C = 9.0

| May mean C = 14.6

| Jun mean C = 18.0

| Jul mean C = 19.9

| Aug mean C = 19.0

| Sep mean C = 13.6

| Oct mean C = 7.9

| Nov mean C = 2.7

| Dec mean C = -1.6

| year mean C = 8.4

| Jan low C = -5.3

| Feb low C = -4.7

| Mar low C = -1.4

| Apr low C = 4.1

| May low C = 9.1

| Jun low C = 12.7

| Jul low C = 14.6

| Aug low C = 13.6

| Sep low C = 9.1

| Oct low C = 4.4

| Nov low C = 0.4

| Dec low C = -3.7

| year low C = 4.4

| Jan record low C = -34.7

| Feb record low C = -29.9

| Mar record low C = -25.7

| Apr record low C = -9.0

| May record low C = -3.1

| Jun record low C = 1.4

| Jul record low C = 4.5

| Aug record low C = 1.1

| Sep record low C = -4.5

| Oct record low C = -12.4

| Nov record low C = -23.3

| Dec record low C = -28.0

| year record low C = -34.7

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation mm = 39

| Feb precipitation mm = 32

| Mar precipitation mm = 36

| Apr precipitation mm = 35

| May precipitation mm = 59

| Jun precipitation mm = 74

| Jul precipitation mm = 92

| Aug precipitation mm = 57

| Sep precipitation mm = 52

| Oct precipitation mm = 46

| Nov precipitation mm = 45

| Dec precipitation mm = 44

| year precipitation mm = 611

| Jan snow depth cm = 5

| Feb snow depth cm = 6

| Mar snow depth cm = 3

| Apr snow depth cm = 0

| May snow depth cm = 0

| Jun snow depth cm = 0

| Jul snow depth cm = 0

| Aug snow depth cm = 0

| Sep snow depth cm = 0

| Oct snow depth cm = 0

| Nov snow depth cm = 1

| Dec snow depth cm = 4

| year snow depth cm = 6

| Jan rain days = 7

| Feb rain days = 6

| Mar rain days = 8

| Apr rain days = 11

| May rain days = 13

| Jun rain days = 14

| Jul rain days = 14

| Aug rain days = 11

| Sep rain days = 12

| Oct rain days = 12

| Nov rain days = 11

| Dec rain days = 8

| year rain days = 127

| Jan snow days = 14

| Feb snow days = 14

| Mar snow days = 9

| Apr snow days = 2

| May snow days = 0

| Jun snow days = 0

| Jul snow days = 0

| Aug snow days = 0

| Sep snow days = 0

| Oct snow days = 1

| Nov snow days = 6

| Dec snow days = 13

| year snow days = 59

| Jan humidity = 85

| Feb humidity = 82

| Mar humidity = 77

| Apr humidity = 68

| May humidity = 67

| Jun humidity = 71

| Jul humidity = 72

| Aug humidity = 73

| Sep humidity = 78

| Oct humidity = 81

| Nov humidity = 86

| Dec humidity = 88

| year humidity = 77

|Jan sun = 38.4

|Feb sun = 62.4

|Mar sun = 141.0

|Apr sun = 199.0

|May sun = 264.8

|Jun sun = 281.2

|Jul sun = 280.8

|Aug sun = 272.6

|Sep sun = 180.5

|Oct sun = 120.5

|Nov sun = 42.7

|Dec sun = 31.8

|year sun =

| source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net{{cite web

| url = http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/33019.htm

| title = Погода и Климат – Климат Пинск

| publisher = Weather and Climate (Погода и климат)

| language = ru

| access-date = 8 November 2021}}

|source 2 = NOAA

{{cite web |url=https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Belarus/XLS/PINSK_33019.csv|title=Pinsk Climate Normals 1991–2020 |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date=1 November 2023 }}

}}

• Aaron of Pinsk (died 1841), rabbi
• Matheus Butrymowicz (1745–1814), Polish-Lithuanian statesman, reformer of Polesye
• Vladimir Chub (born 1948), governor of Rostov Oblast in Russia
• Vintsent Dunin-Martsinkyevich, (1808–1884), Belarusian writer, poet, dramatist and social activist, author of the play Pinskaya shlyakhta
• Baruch Epstein (1860–1941), bookkeeper, rabbi and prolific Jewish scholar, best known for his Torah Temimah commentary on the Torah
• William Moses Feldman (1880–1939), child physiologist, born in Pinsk
• Semyon Furman (1920–1978), Chess grandmaster and trainer of World Champion Anatoly Karpov
• Jonah Gogol (died 1602), Orthodox and later an Uniate bishop
• Olga Govortsova, (born 1988) Belarusian tennis player
• Haim Gvati (1901–1990), Israeli Minister of Agriculture
• Chaim Kanievsky (1928–2022), rabbi
• Ryszard Kapuściński (1932–2007), Polish writer and reporter
• Danila Klimovich (born 2003), NHL prospect currently under contract with the Vancouver Canucks, and currently on the active roster for the AHL Abbotsford Canucks
• Moshe Kol (1911–1989), Israeli politician and one of the signatories of the Israeli declaration of independence
• Igor Kolb (born 1977), principal dancer of Mariinsky Ballet
• Andrzej Kondratiuk (1936–2016), Polish film director, screenwriter, actor, and cinematographer
• Simon Kuznets (1901–1985), 1971 Nobel laureate in economics
• Golda Meir (1898–1978), fourth prime minister of Israel, born in Kiev, lived two years of her childhood in Pinsk
• Shabsay Moshkovsky (1895–1982), noted physician, research scientist and malariologist
• Adam Naruszewicz (1733–1796), Polish-Lithuanian poet, historian, bishop
• Narymunt (1277–1348), Prince of Pinsk
• Theodore Odrach (1912–1964), Ukrainian and Polesian writer of novels, short stories and memoirs
• Napoleon Orda (1807–1883), Polish-Lithuanian musician, pianist, composer and artist
• Sławomir Rawicz (1915–2004), Polish Army lieutenant, claimed to have walked from Siberia to India during World War II
• Bona Sforza (1494–1557), Queen consort of Poland and Grand Duchess consort of Lithuania, Princess of Pinsk
• Yauhen Shatokhin (1947–2012), Belarusian painter and political activist
• Izya Shlosberg (born 1950), Jewish American artist, born in Pinsk and lived in Pinsk for 44 years
• Sir Isaac Shoenberg (1880–1963), electrical engineer born in Pinsk, principal inventor of the first high-definition television system, as used by the BBC
• Helena Skirmunt (1827–1874), Polesian painter and sculptor
• Raman Skirmunt (1868–1939), Belarusian and Polesian statesman, aristocrat and landlord
• Kazimierz Świątek (1914–2011), Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, Metropolitan Archbishop of Minsk-Mohilev and Apostolic Administrator of Pinsk
• Chaim Weizmann (1874–1952), first president of Israel, born in Motal, near Pinsk and educated in Pinsk
• Tatiana Woollaston (born 1986), professional snooker referee, born in Pinsk
• Leo Zeitlin (1884–1930), composer, born in Pinsk before studying in Odessa and later moving to the U.S.A.
• Ivan Zholtovsky (1867–1959), Soviet architect and educator

{{reflist}}

• Mordechai Nadav (2008) The Jews of Pinsk, 1506–1880; edited by Mark Jay Mirsky and Moshe Rosman; translated by Moshe Rosman and Faigie Tropper. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press,
• (In Belarusian, Russian and English) T. A. Khvagina (2007) Pinsk and Its Surroundings, Minsk Vysheysha shkola, {{ISBN|978-985-06-1419-3}},
• (In Belarusian, Russian and English) T. A. Khvagina (2004) Pinsk: A Fairy Tale of Polessye, Minsk Vysheysha shkola, {{ISBN|985-06-0836-6}},
• (In Belarusian, Russian and English) T. A. Khvagina (2005) POLESYE from the Bug to the Ubort, Minsk Vysheysha shkola, {{ISBN|985-06-1153-7}}.

{{Commons category|Pinsk}}

• [http://www.yadyisroel.com Yad Yisroel - Pinsk]
• [https://www.algemeiner.com/2013/07/28/the-jews-of-pinsk/ "The Jews of Pinsk"] by Jeremy Rosen. The Algemeiner, July 28, 2013.
• [https://sztetl.org.pl/en/towns/p/1214-pinsk/99-history/137845-history-of-community Jewish Community in Pinsk on Virtual Shtetl]
• [http://radzima.org/pub/miesta.php?miesta_id1=brpipins Photos on Radzima.org]
• [http://www.babinets.com/pinsk/pinskte.html "The city of Pinsk, Belarus" by Tatyana Khvagina and Oleg Babinets]
• [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=338&letter=P&search=Pinsk "Pinsk"], Jewish Encyclopedia
• [http://globus.tut.by/pinsk/kostelfranc_tn_glr.htm Images of the Assumption Cathedral]
• [http://globus.tut.by/pinsk/iezuitcollegium_gallery.htm Image of the Jesuit Collegium ]
• [http://www.belarusguide.com/cities/pinsk.html Virtual Guide to Belarus: Pinsk]
• [http://www.ipinsk.by News from Pinsk]
• {{JewishGen-LocalityPage|1947920|Pinsk, Belarus}}

{{Brest Region}}

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Category:Populated places in Belarus

Category:Holocaust locations in Belarus

Category:Populated places established in the 11th century

Category:Populated places in Brest region

Category:Historic Jewish communities in Belarus