Plymouth CR-8 locomotives
{{Infobox locomotive
| name = Plymouth CR-8
| powertype = Diesel-hydraulic{{cite web |title=Plymouth Locomotive Works |url=https://americanindustrialmining.com/plymouth-locomotive-works |website=americanindustrialmining.com |publisher=American Industrial Mining Company Museum |access-date=13 February 2025}}
| image = Power&way locomotive near Daly City station.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Plymouth CR-8 centercab diesel locomotive of BART
| builder = Plymouth
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| buildmodel = CR-8
CR-8XT (heavier variant){{cite web |title=loco-info.com - Plymouth CR-8 |url=https://loco-info.com/view.aspx?id=15738&t=type&cookies=decline |website=loco-info.com |access-date=13 February 2025 |language=en |quote=In the USA, the different variants of the CR-8 were used by different industrial companies with heavy loads to be moved. Parallel to the CR-8, the manufacturer offered the CR-8XT, where XT stood for “eXTra Tonnage, eXTra Power, eXTra Performance”. This was offered with weights between 70 and 120 short tons and also had two engines with a total of between 650 and 1,400 hp.}}
| builddate = 1963-1990s
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- 1963-1990s (American industrial railroads)
- 1963/4 (Vietnamese units)*
- 1971, 1979 (BART units)
- October 1987 (MBTA unit){{cite web |title=MBTA Diesel Locomotive 04443 |url=https://railroad.net/mbta-diesel-locomotive-04443-t28246.html#p282423 |website=Railroad.net |access-date=13 February 2025}}{{cite web |title=NETransit: MBTA Vehicle Inventory Main Page |url=http://roster.transithistory.org/ |website=roster.transithistory.org |quote=04443 - 50 ton, 700 HP Diesel Locomotive - Plymouth - 1987}}
- c. 1994 (for Maryland Transit Administration){{cite web |title=Baltimore Light Rail Photo Tour |url=http://www.trainweb.org/oldmainline/blr4.htm |website=www.trainweb.org |access-date=13 February 2025 |quote=Unit 801 became a Camden fixture after catenary icing during January 1994 stranded passengers on the long bridge across the Middle Branch of the Patapsco River}}
- 1992 (South Korean unit)
}}
| totalproduction = 10 (for Thailand/Vietnam)
2 (BART)
1 (for MBTA)
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| gauge = {{track gauge|1000mm}} (in Vietnam)
{{track gauge|1435mm}} (South Korea and most of the US)
{{track gauge|1676mm}} (BART units)
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| length = {{convert|12.384|m|abbr=on}} over couplers
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| height = {{convert|3.556|m|abbr=on}}
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| locoweight = {{convert|52|t|abbr=on}}*
{{convert|45|to|65|ST|LT t|abbr=on}}‡{{citation|title = Plymouth Locomotive Works| journal = Railway Age|year = 1976| url = http://waidephoto.smugmug.com/Trains/Vintage-Railroad/14655704_xRs6bD#!i=1864795627&k=JHNPHb3&lb=1&s=A}}, advert, reproduced via waidephoto.smugmug.com{{#tag:ref|Also quoted as being available in versions from {{convert|40|to|120|ST|LT t|0|abbr=off|sp=us}}.{{citation|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=avI6AAAAMAAJ| title = International Railway Journal| year = 1967| page=12| volume =7}}, advert|group="n"}}
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| primemover = two General Motors 12V7
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| enginetype = two-stroke diesel
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| cylindercount = V12
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| maxspeed = {{convert|80|km/h|abbr=on}}
| poweroutput = engine {{convert|500|hp|abbr=on}}
@ 2,100 rpm
| tractiveeffort = {{convert|155|kN|abbr=on}}
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- Bay Area Rapid Transit{{cite web|last1=Johannessen|first1=Mike|title=BART photos|url=https://www.railpictures.net/photo/376107/|website=RailPictures.Net|accessdate=15 November 2014}}{{cite web |title=Bay Area Rapid Transit District - CPTDB Wiki |url=https://cptdb.ca/wiki/index.php/Bay_Area_Rapid_Transit_District#Non-Revenue_Rail_Fleet |website=cptdb.ca |access-date=13 February 2025 |language=en-CA}}
- Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority
- Maryland Transit Administration
- Various industrial railroads in the US
- Sungshin Cement Manufacturing Company (in South Korea){{cite web |last1=Graham |first1=Philip |title=KoreaSth - Industrial diesel & electric locomotives |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/-pgg-/10987208775/in/album-72157628993166399/ |website=Flickr |access-date=13 February 2025 |date=18 September 2012}}{{cite web |last1=Graham |first1=Philip |title=KoreaSth - Industrial diesel & electric locomotives |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/-pgg-/10987389334/in/album-72157628993166399/ |website=Flickr |access-date=13 February 2025 |date=18 September 2012}}
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- Royal State Railways of Siam (RSR)
- US Army (Vietnam)
- Vietnam Railways (VR)}}
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- BART units: 5001, 5013
- MBTA unit: 04443{{cite web |title=MBTA 04443 - red line work locomotive |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/54690684@N07/8114301588/ |access-date=13 February 2025 |date=22 October 2012}}{{cite web |title=MBTA Red line locomotive 04443 |url=http://photos.nerail.org/s/?p=161744 |website=The NERAIL New England Railroad Photo Archive |access-date=13 February 2025}}{{cite web |title=Strange Looking Locomotive at South Station |url=https://railroad.net/strange-looking-locomotive-at-south-station-t25223.html |website=Railroad.net |quote=That's the rapid transit division's work locomotive 04443. Lives at the Red Line maint[enance] facility at Cabot Yard [...] 50-ton, 700 HP, built 1987 by Plymouth.}}
- MTA unit: 801
- South Korean unit: Sungshin Cement Co. 6
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- RSR : 2001-10
- US Army : 1988-1997{{#tag:ref|Some units renumbered to within range 1001 to 1010. Not all units received numbers in range 31 to 40.|group="n"|name="num"}}
- VR : D10H 31 to D10H 40
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| locale =
- United States
- Baltimore (MTA 801)
- Boston (MBTA 0443)
- San Francisco Bay Area (BART units)
- Various industrial railroads
- Thailand (1960s)
- Vietnam (1960s-1980s)
- North Chungcheong Province, South Korea (1992-present)
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| withdrawndate = c. 1985 (in Vietnam)
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- Vietnamese units: presumed scrapped
- BART units: used for maintenance of way (MOW) trains
- MBTA 04443: used on Red Line MOW trains
- MTA 801: used on Baltimore Metro SubwayLink (formerly light rail)
- South Korean unit: used to haul cement and coal to Korail's Dodam junction
}}
| notes = Sources:{{citation| url = http://railwaysinvietnam.com/firstD10H.html | title = First D10H/Plymouth CR-8b , Bo-Bo Diesel Hydraulic| work = Railways in Vietnam (railwaysinvietnam.com)|accessdate = 3 September 2012|first = David| last= Gurnett}}
*Data refers to Vietnamese locos unless noted.{{#tag:ref|USA operated units varied from the specifications of the units used in Vietnam.{{citation| url = http://www.northeast.railfan.net/diesel124.html| title = Plymouth 40-120T Ind Railroad Locomotives | work = www.northeast.railfan.net|editor-first = Clint| editor-last = Chamberlain|accessdate = 3 September 2012}}|group="n"}}
‡ General data
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The Plymouth CR-8 was a class of 4-axle B'B' centre cab locomotive, built by Plymouth Locomotive Works, USA
Several locomotives of type CR-8 have been used in the USA on industrial sites.
Ten units (CR-8b) were briefly operated in Thailand in the mid-1960s. During the Vietnam War the units were operated by the US Army in South Vietnam, and after the end of the war became the property of the Vietnam Railways as class D10H.
A second class of Chinese-built locomotives of type DFH21 have operated as the type D10H on the railways of Vietnam from around 1980 onwards.
History and design
The general design of a CR-8 locomotive was available in weights from {{convert|45|to|65|ST|LT t|abbr=off|sp=us}} with installed power ranging from {{convert|400|to|1000|hp}}, using twin engines with hydraulic transmission via a cardan shaft final drive, in gauges from {{track gauge|3ft}} to {{track gauge|5ft6in}}.
The locomotives used in Vietnam were built by the Plymouth Locomotive Works, USA in the 1960s using two General Motors 12V71 two stroke V12 engines. They were in {{track gauge|1000mm}} gauge.
The locomotives were originally thought to have been operated on the Royal State Railways of Siam (RSR) as numbers 2001-2010 beginning in 1963 or 1964.{{#tag:ref|In 'Diesel and gas turbine progress, (1963), ten CR-8 locomotives were noted as having been delivered to the US Army (United States Army Aviation and Missile Command).{{citation| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SW09AQAAIAAJ| title =Diesel and gas turbine progress| year = 1963|page = 34| quote = Plymouth, located in the Ohio city of the same name [..] has just delivered ten of its model CR8-S diesel-hydraulic locomotives to the US Army Aviation and Surface Material Command for undisclosed foreign service.}}|name="bd"|group="n"}} The locomotives were transferred to South Vietnam in the late 1960s during the period of US involvement in the Vietnam War, and operated as numbers 1988 to 1997 by the US Army. After the end of the Vietnam War in 1975 the class were renumbered as D10H numbers 31 to 40 by the Vietnam Railways.
Several similar units were operated in the US by industrial operators, as well as MBTA and BART. A higher weight class, the CR-8XT,{{#tag:ref|The CR-8XT was available in weights from {{convert|70|to|120|ST|LT t|0|abbr=off|sp=us}}.{{citation|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=2Qg7AAAAMAAJ | title = Jane's world railways and rapid transit systems| publisher = Franklin Watts| year = 1978| page = 95}}|group="n"}} was operated by companies including Bethlehem Steel and the Jones and Laughlin Steel Company.
Notes
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