Pollard script

{{Missing information|section|Image of letters for those who don't have a Pollard font; description of letters|date=August 2020}}

The script was originally developed for A-Hmao, and adopted early for Lipo. {{Clarify|reason=Pollard died in 1915. How could he adapted the writing system in 1949?|date=December 2022|text=In 1949 Pollard adapted it for a group of Miao in Szechuan, creating a distinct alphabet.}}{{cite book

| author=Duffy, John M.

| year=2007

| title=Writing from these roots: literacy in a Hmong-American community

| publisher=University of Hawaii Press

| isbn=978-0-8248-3095-3

}}

There is also a Nasu alphabet using Pollard script.

{{Main article|Miao (Unicode block)}}

The Pollard script was first proposed for inclusion in Unicode by John Jenkins in 1997.{{cite web | last = Jenkins | first = John H. | title = L2/97-104: Proposal to add Pollard to Unicode/ISO-IEC 10646 | date = 21 May 1997 | url = https://www.unicode.org/L2/L1997/97104-Pollard.pdf | access-date = 6 August 2014}}

It took many years to reach a final proposal in 2010.{{cite web | title = N3789: Final proposal for encoding the Miao script in the SMP of the UCS | date = 26 March 2010 | url = http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n3789.pdf | access-date = 6 August 2014}}

It was added to the Unicode Standard in January, 2012 with the release of version 6.1.

The Unicode block for Pollard script, called Miao, is U+16F00–U+16F9F:

{{Unicode chart Miao}}

• {{cite book

| last=Enwall

| first=Joakim

| year=1994

| title=A Myth Become Reality: History and Development of the Miao Written Language, two volumes

| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iI0pAQAAIAAJ

| series=Stockholm East Asian Monographs, 5 & 6

| location=Stockholm

| publisher=Institute of Oriental Languages, Stockholm University

| isbn=9789171534231

}}

• {{cite journal

| last=Pollard

| first=Samuel

| date=December 1909

| title=Gathering up the Fragments

| journal=The United Methodist Magazine

| pages=531–35

| volume=2

}}

• {{cite journal

| author=Wen You

| year=1938

| title=Lun Pollard Script

| script-title=zh:論 Pollard Script

| trans-title=Essay on the Pollard Script

| journal=Xinan Bianjiang

| script-journal=zh:西南邊疆

| trans-journal=Southwest frontier region

| volume=1

| pages=43–53

}}

• {{cite journal

| author=Wen You

| year=1951

| title=Guizhou Leishan xin chu Miaowen canshi chukao

| script-title=zh:貴州雷山新出苗文殘石初考

| trans-title=Preliminary investigation of the Miao writing fragments recently discovered in Leishan, Guizhou

| journal=Huaxi wenwu

| script-journal=zh:華西文物

| trans-journal=Huaxi University cultural relics

}} Reprinted in {{cite book

| author=Wen You

| year=1985

| title=Wen You lunji

| script-title=zh:聞宥論集

| trans-title=Collection of articles by Wen You

| pages=62–70

| location=Beijing

| publisher=Zhongyang minzu xueyuan keyanchu 中央民族學院科研處 [Scientific research office of the Central Institute for Nationalities]

}}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite web

| url=http://www.omniglot.com/writing/pollardmiao.htm

| title=Description of the Pollard script

| publisher=Omniglot

| access-date=2012-01-03

}}

• {{cite web

|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/13420/13420-h/13420-h.htm

|title=Across China on Foot

|first=Edwin

|last=Dingle

|author-link = Edwin Dingle

|work=Project Gutenberg

|access-date=November 10, 2023

}} Dingle describes how Sam Pollard used positioning of vowel marks relative to consonants to indicate tones.

• {{cite web|url=http://phjamr.github.io/miao.html|title=Miao Unicode, Open source font for users of the Miao script}}
• [https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2023/23198-additions-to-miao-block.pdf Preliminary proposal for additions for Hei Yi to Miao block]

{{list of writing systems}}

Category:Writing systems introduced in 1936

Category:Abugida writing systems

Category:West Hmongic languages