Priest Jovica's Rebellion

{{Short description|1834 rebellion in Bosnian Posavina}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}

{{Infobox military conflict

|conflict =Priest Jovica's Rebellion

|partof =

|image =

|caption =

|date = 10–13 March 1834

|place =Derventa and Gradačac nahiye, Bosnia Eyalet (modern Bosnia and Herzegovina)

|territory =

|result = Ottoman victory

|combatant1 = Christian peasants (predominantly local Serbs)

|combatant2 = Ottoman Bosnia leadership

|commander1 = Jovica Ilić

|commander2 =

|strength1 =

|strength2 =

|casualties1 = 2,000 killed

|casualties2 = 300

}}

Priest Jovica's Rebellion ({{langx|sr|поп-Јовичина буна|pop-Jovičina buna}}) was a Christian peasant rebellion that broke out in the Derventa and Gradačac nahiye, in Bosnian Posavina, in 10–13 March 1834, organized by Orthodox priest Jovica Ilić from Banja Luka, stationed in Derventa at the time. The rebels were predominantly Orthodox (Serbs), but some Catholics (Croats) also joined.{{sfn|Ekmečić|1989|p=326}}

Jovica Ilić corresponded with other Serbian Orthodox leaders and also sent letters to Serbian Prince Miloš Obrenović.{{sfn|Dušanić|1959}} He rallied other priests (such as Pavle Tvrtković,{{sfn|Dušanić|1959|p=39}} Milo Vitković{{sfn|Ljušić|2004|p=408}} and Stevan Avramović of Orašje{{cite book|title=Annuaire de la Société historique de Bosnie et Herzégovine|volume=2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=85cMAQAAMAAJ|year=1950|publisher=Istorisko društvo Bosne i Hercegovine|page=204}}) and the population around Podnovlje.{{sfn|Potkozarac|1969|p=12}} Notable priests Tvrtković and Vitković who had fled to Serbia prior to the outbreak of the rebellion, had met in Požarevac with Prince Miloš whom they asked to take up the side of the Christians in Bosnia at the Porte.{{sfn|Ljušić|2004|p=408}} Those who stayed in Serbia prepared from Šabac a rebellion in the nahiye of Banja Luka, Bijeljina, Tuzla and Derventa.{{sfn|Ljušić|2004|p=408}} Tvrtković, who was Jovica's closest associate,{{sfn|Dušanić|1959|p=39}} organized people in Serbia, and at first had the support of Prince Miloš.{{sfn|Dušanić|1959|p=39}}

The rebellion broke out in the nahiye of Derventa and Gradačac in Bosnian Posavina. Odžak was set on fire by the rebels.{{sfn|Potkozarac|1969|p=12}} 300 bey soldiers were killed.{{sfn|Dušanić|1959|p=39}} It was quickly suppressed by the Ottoman government.{{sfn|Potkozarac|1969|p=12}} Some 600 Serbs in Derventa were killed in the aftermath.{{sfn|Stojančević|1971|p=135}} Some of the population migrated to Slavonia, part of the Habsburg monarchy.{{cite book|author1=Jovan Cvijić|author2=Petar Vlahović|author3=Milisav Lutovac|author4=Milorad Vasović|title=Antropogeografski spisi|volume=1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gf8WAQAAIAAJ|year=2000|orig-year=1987|publisher=SANU|page=155|isbn=9788617083166}} The Austrian government registered 326 immigrants to Austria, of whom 66 did not return to Bosnia.{{sfn|Stojančević|1971|p=135}} Jovica was wounded{{sfn|Dušanić|1959|p=39}} and fled across the Sava to the Habsburg monarchy.{{sfn|Potkozarac|1969|p=12}} Decapitated rebel heads were put on display at the Gradačac fort walls.{{sfn|Ekmečić|1989|p=326}} The Ottomans accused Jovica that he wanted to "make Serbia out of Bosnia" with the rebellion.{{cite book|author=SANU|title=Glas|volume=372–375|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DrYrAQAAIAAJ|year=1993|page=18}} After the collapse of the rebellion, Prince Miloš secretly received, hid and protected some of the rebel leaders and protested at the Porte due to the atrocities and penalties which had caused the uprising, and unrest not only in Bosnia but in Serbia also.{{sfn|Stojančević|1959|p=356}} Several thousand peasants were received in Serbia, especially from Bosanska Krajina, who sought refuge from feudal terror; these were settled in Podrinje and Šumadija.{{sfn|Stojančević|1959|p=356}} The rebellion echoed to Bosanska Krajina, where the Second Mašići Rebellion broke out. A similar peasant rebellion broke out in Niš.{{cite book|title=Zbornik Istorijskih muzeja Srbije|volume=1–6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CjzjAAAAMAAJ|year=1959|page=52}}

In Majevac, near Doboj, a Serbian Orthodox convocation was held which marked 170 years since the rebellion.{{cite web|title=Обиљежено 170 година од поп-Јовичине буне|publisher=RTRS|url=http://rtrs.tv/vijesti/vijest/obiljezeno-170-godina-od-pop-jovicine-bune-120142}}