Primark

The company's first shop, named Penneys and still in operation today, was established at 47 Mary Street in Dublin by Arthur Ryan in June 1969 on behalf of the Weston family, who had founded Allied Bakeries Limited in 1935, which was later renamed Associated British Foods (ABF).{{cite news| url=http://www.independent.ie/business/world/fashion-swing-is-felt-by-penneys-owners-26461599.html| title=Fashion swing is felt by Penneys' owners| date=11 July 2008| agency=Reuters| newspaper=Irish Independent| location=Dublin| first=David| last=Jones}} A second Penneys shop on Main Street, Finglas, was opened the following month.{{cite news |title=Radio and Television |work=The Irish Times |date=17 July 1969 |pages=15}} The first major shops outside of Dublin were opened in the cities of Cork and Belfast in 1971, both under the name of Penneys.{{cite news| url=http://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/features/why-penneys-is-no-longer-our-little-secret-255533.html| title=Why Penneys is no longer our little secret| access-date=9 December 2016| newspaper=Irish Examiner| location=Dublin| date=19 January 2014| first=Louise| last=O'Neill}}{{cite web| url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31978D0193:EN:HTML| access-date=9 December 2016| date=23 December 1977| title=78/193/EEC: Commission Decision of 23 December 1977 relating to a proceeding under Article 85 of the EEC Treaty (IV/29.246 – Penneys)| website=Commission of the European Communities}}{{cite news |title=Women First |work=The Irish Times |issue=34779, p 22 |date=8 May 1974}}

The company subsequently expanded outside of Ireland and into Great Britain, opening a shop in Derby in 1973. By 1974, the business had 24 shops, including three in Scotland and two in England, all operating under the Penneys brand.{{cite news |last1=Pritchard |first1=Charles |title=£4.2m. Profits Rise for Associated British Foods |work=The Irish Times |issue=36805, p 14 |date=19 June 1974}}

The American company, JC Penney, opposed the use of Penneys as a business name. JC Penney registered the various business names of Penneys{{'}} parent company in countries throughout Europe, in order to put pressure on it to relinquish its registration of the Penneys brand, and issued court proceedings disputing the use of the brand. Following an injunction granted by the High Court of England in June 1974, the two shops in England were rebranded as Primark. However, the Penneys brand continued to be used in Ireland and Scotland, and in 1975–1976, four more Penneys-branded shops were opened in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

Eventually, the two companies settled their dispute. Penneys/Primark agreed that from 27 August 1976 onward, it would only use the Penneys brand in the Republic of Ireland, with its shops elsewhere, including in Northern Ireland, to be rebranded as Primark. In exchange, JC Penney agreed to relinquish its registration of the various business names of Primark's parent companies throughout Europe, and agreed not to trade under the Penneys brand in the Republic of Ireland. Since that date, the business has been known as Penneys in the Republic of Ireland and as Primark elsewhere.{{cite web| url=https://www.primark.com/en-ie| title=Fashion, Home & Beauty| website=Penneys}}

In 2005, Primark bought UK retailer Littlewoods's retail shops for £409 million, retaining 40 of the 119 shops and selling the rest.{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2005/aug/08/highstreetretailers.marksspencer?INTCMP=ILCNETTXT3487| newspaper=The Guardian| location=London| first=Julia| last=Finch| title=M&S to cash in as Littlewoods disappears| date=8 August 2005}}

In May 2006, the first Primark shop in mainland Europe opened in Madrid, Spain. In December 2008, Primark opened in the Netherlands, followed by Portugal, Germany and Belgium in 2009.{{cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/10520533/Primark-targets-chic-French-shoppers-as-it-opens-in-Marseille.html| access-date=9 December 2016| date=16 December 2013| title=Primark targets chic French shoppers as it opens in Marseille| newspaper=The Daily Telegraph| location=London| first=Graham| last=Ruddick}}{{cite web| url=http://velvetstyle.it/2014/08/31/primark-shopping-in-italia-le-novita/| title=Primark, la catena di shopping low cost arriva in Italia| trans-title=Primark, the low cost shopping chain arrives in Italy| author=Redazione| work=Velvet Style Italia| date=31 August 2014| language=Italian}}

In 2009, having led the business since its foundation in 1969, Arthur Ryan retired as Chief Executive and became Chairman instead. He was replaced as Chief Executive by the company's Chief Operating Officer, Paul Marchant.{{cite news |title=Ryan to resign as Primark chief |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/business/arid-20096453.html |access-date=31 March 2025 |work=Irish Examiner |date=16 July 2009 }}{{cite news |title=Arthur Ryan obituary: Legendary retailer and Penneys founder |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/arthur-ryan-obituary-legendary-retailer-and-penneys-founder-1.3954919 |access-date=31 March 2025 |work=The Irish Times |date=12 July 2019 }}

The business expanded into Austria in 2012, France in 2013, and Italy in 2014.

On 24 April 2013, the Rana Plaza clothing factory, which manufactured goods for Primark and other international brands, collapsed, killing 1,134. Primark went on to become the largest contributor of compensation, paying over US$10 million for deceased, missing, and injured claims.{{Cite web |title=Ranaplaza Arrangement |url=https://ranaplaza-arrangement.org/ |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=ranaplaza-arrangement.org}}{{cite news |title=Primark make $9m pay-out over disaster |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/business/arid-30625274.html |access-date=29 April 2025 |work=Irish Examiner |date=17 March 2014 |language=en}}{{cite news |title=Statement from Primark: 10 years on from the Rana Plaza tragedy |url=https://corporate.primark.com/en-us/a/news/corporate-news/statement-from-primark-on-the-10-year-anniversary-of-the-rana-plaza-tragedy |access-date=29 April 2025 |work=corporate.primark.com |language=en-us}}

Primark opened its current headquarters in 2015 in a redeveloped Dublin building, Arthur Ryan House, formerly Chapel House.[http://www.rte.ie/news/business/2015/0916/728278-primark-redeveloped-hq/ "Primark officially opens redeveloped Dublin HQ"]. RTÉ News. 17 September 2015.{{cite web| last=McCabe| first=Sarah| title=Expansion plans on course for Penneys international HQ in Dublin| url=http://www.independent.ie/business/expansion-plans-on-course-for-penneys-international-hq-in-dublin-29795200.html| newspaper=Irish Independent| location=Dublin| access-date=20 October 2014| date=29 November 2013}}

In 2015, Primark opened its first United States shop in Boston, later expanding into New York City, Philadelphia, Danbury and Chicago.{{cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/10781762/Primark-to-open-in-the-United-States.html| title=Primark to open in the United States| date=23 April 2014| newspaper=The Daily Telegraph| first=Graham| last=Ruddick}}{{cite web| url=https://www.Primark.com.html| title=Primark stores United States| date=10 May 2021| website=Primark}}{{cite news| last1=Rozario| first1=Kevin| title=After Chicago State Street Opening, Primark Says It Is 'Just Getting Going'| url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kevinrozario/2021/03/16/after-chicago-state-street-opening-primark-says-it-is-just-getting-going/| magazine=Forbes| date=16 March 2021}}{{cite news| last1=Zumbach| first1=Lauren| title=Fast-fashion brand Primark to open Chicago store on State Street| url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-biz-primark-opening-first-chicago-store-20190705-g5f7aoseurcj3hx6ovxwdem3da-story.html| access-date=25 May 2020| newspaper=Chicago Tribune}} Having built a chain of around 40 shops in Spain, Primark opened a second outlet in Madrid in October 2015, its second-biggest in the world.{{cite news| title=Penney's opens its second biggest store in the world in Spain| last=O' Leary| first=Elizabeth| date=15 October 2015| newspaper=Irish Independent| location=Dublin| accessdate=27 November 2016| url=https://www.independent.ie/business/penneys-opens-its-second-biggest-store-in-the-world-in-spain-34114143.html}} The largest Primark shop opened in Birmingham on 11 April 2019, occupying the former Pavilions Shopping Centre of {{cvt|161000|sqft}}, with five floors including a beauty salon, Disney-themed café and a barbershop, and adding the largest Greggs fast-food outlet in the world in February 2022.{{cite news| last=Young| first=Graham| date=19 July 2019| title=100 days of the world's biggest Primark – and Mickey Mouse pancakes| url=https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/whats-on/shopping/100-days-worlds-biggest-primark-16585161| access-date=16 February 2022| newspaper=Birmingham Mail}}{{cite news| last=Young| first=Graham| date=11 February 2022| title=First look inside the world's biggest Greggs in Primark – with a doughnut swing| url=https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/whats-on/food-drink-news/first-look-inside-worlds-biggest-23065278| access-date=16 February 2022| newspaper=Birmingham Mail}} On 13 June 2019, Primark expanded to Slovenia with a shop in Ljubljana.{{cite news| title=Primark opens its first store in Slovakia| url=https://www.rte.ie/news/business/2023/0525/1385574-primark-opens-first-shop-in-slovakia/| date=25 May 2023| work=RTÉ News| access-date=24 August 2023}}

On 23 March 2020, Primark temporarily closed its 189 UK shops, as a result of government restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic.{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-51995189| title=Primark UK stores closing 'until further notice'| date=23 March 2020| work=BBC News| access-date=26 March 2020}} Its 153 shops in England re-opened on 15 June 2020.{{cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/brands/primania-returns-primark-must-visit-first-day-shops-reopening/| title=Primania returns: why is the UK so obsessed with shopping at Primark?| date=15 June 2020| newspaper=The Daily Telegraph| location=London| access-date=5 July 2020}} As a result of the lockdowns, the company reported a sales loss of £430 million.{{cite news| url=https://www.ft.com/content/82717d2a-416e-4e95-a8e1-34f1fce258d3| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221211221206/https://www.ft.com/content/82717d2a-416e-4e95-a8e1-34f1fce258d3| archive-date=11 December 2022| url-access=subscription| url-status=live| title=Lockdowns wipe £430m off Primark sales| newspaper=Financial Times| location=London| first=Patricia| last=Nilsson| date=4 December 2020| access-date=6 December 2020}}

On 10 August 2020, Primark opened its first shop in Poland in the Galeria Młociny shopping centre in Warsaw, later expanding into Poznań, Kraków, Katowice, Wrocław and Łódź. In June 2021, Primark opened the first shop in the Czech Republic in Prague, occupying the area of {{cvt|50590|sqft}} and serving as a flagship for the region of Central and Eastern Europe.{{cite web| date=19 June 2021| title=Nine new brands have entered the Czech market in H1 2021| url=https://www.retailguide.cz/nine-new-brands-have-entered-the-czech-market-in-h1-2021/| access-date=14 July 2021| website=Cushman & Wakefield}}

In 2021, Primark unveiled a sustainability strategy that set targets to reduce textile waste, halving {{CO2}} emissions and improving the life of Primark workers.{{cite web| last=Preuss| first=Simone| date=6 December 2022| title=Primark presents results in latest sustainability report| url=https://fashionunited.in/news/business/primark-presents-results-in-latest-sustainability-report/2022120537443| website=Fashion United}}

On 15 December 2022, Primark opened its first shop in Romania, in Bucharest.{{cite web| date=18 November 2022| title=Primark to open first shop in Romania before Christmas| url=https://www.romania-insider.com/primark-first-store-romania-december-2022| access-date=25 November 2022| website=Romania-Insider.com}}{{cite news| title=Primark opens its first store in Romania| url=https://www.rte.ie/news/business/2022/1215/1341986-primark-opens-first-store-in-romania/| date=15 December 2022| access-date=24 August 2023| work=RTÉ News}} On 20 June 2023, Primark opened its second shop in Bucharest.

In November 2022, Primark announced it was going online with a new click-and-collect service. This announcement came after the company lost more than £1 billion in sales during the COVID-19 pandemic, when its shops had to be temporarily closed, while the competitors with online shops had smaller or no financial losses.{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-63598525| title=Primark finally goes online with click-and-collect| date=14 November 2022| work=BBC News| access-date=14 November 2022}} The click-and-collect service was launched as a trial in 25 shops in north-west England, Yorkshire and north Wales for children's products only. However, on the day of launch of the new service, the company's website crashed, causing issues for people trying to access it.{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-63598525| title=Primark website crashes as click-and-collect launched| date=14 November 2022| work=BBC News| access-date=15 November 2022}}

On 8 February 2024, as part of expansion plans, Primark announced a major scheme in which five shops would open and 15 (including its shop on Oxford Street) would be renovated. Primark also opened a distribution centre in Jacksonville, Florida.{{cite web |last=Beevers |first=Angela |date=8 February 2024 |title=Primark continues US expansion with new Florida distribution centre {{!}} Retail Bulletin |url=https://www.theretailbulletin.com/fashion/primark-continues-us-expansion-with-the-opening-of-new-florida-distribution-centre-08-02-2024/ |access-date=8 February 2024 |website=Retail Bulletin {{!}} Daily UK Retail News }}{{cite web |last=Morgan |first=Aoife |date=8 February 2024 |title=Primark to invest £100m in UK stores in 2024 – Retail Gazette |url=https://www.retailgazette.co.uk/blog/2024/02/primark-invest-stores/ |access-date=8 February 2024 |website=www.retailgazette.co.uk }}

On 21 May 2024, Primark unveiled a new brand identity, revealing a more curved and bold logo based on its 2005 logo, along with changing the colour slightly.{{cite web |last=Wright |first=Georgia |date=21 May 2024 |title=Primark unveils 'refreshed' brand identity and new summer campaign – Retail Gazette |url=https://www.retailgazette.co.uk/blog/2024/05/primark-brand-identity/ |access-date=21 May 2024 }}

On 28 May 2024, Primark opened its first Hungarian shop in the Arena Mall in Budapest. On 20 June 2024, it was announced that the business intended to invest more than €40 million on its Portuguese business, including opening four further shops in Portugal, as part of its plan to have 530 shops internationally by 2026.{{cite web|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/business/2024/06/20/primark-plans-40-million-expansion-in-portugal/|title=Primark plans €40m expansion in Portugal|website=The Irish Times|accessdate=21 June 2024}} On the day after, the Colombo shop extension, in Lisbon, was inaugurated. With a 40% increase in size to {{convert|6038|sqm|sqft}}, it became the largest single-floor Primark shop in the world.{{cite web |title=€40 million investment in five stores & four new cities: Primark ramps up expansion plans in Portugal |url=https://corporate.primark.com/en-gb/a/news/corporate-news/primark-ramps-up-expansion-plans-in-portugal |access-date=11 February 2025 |website=corporate.primark.com}}{{cite web |title=Loja Primark do Colombo abre ao público totalmente renovada e ainda maior |url=https://corporate.primark.com/pt-pt/a/noticias/noticias-sobre-a-empresa/loja-primark-do-colombo-abre-ao-publico-totalmente-renovada-e-ainda-maior |access-date=11 February 2025 |website=corporate.primark.com}}

On 6 March 2025, the business opened its first ever standalone homeware shop, in Belfast.{{cite news|url=https://www.limerickleader.ie/news/national-news/1746999/penneys-open-first-irish-store-dedicated-to-homewares-amid-huge-excitement.html|title=Penneys open first Irish store dedicated to homewares amid huge excitement| date=6 March 2025| newspaper=Limerick Leader| location=Limerick| first=Justin| last= Kelly| accessdate= 12 March 2025}}

On 31 March 2025, Paul Marchant resigned as CEO of Primark following an investigation into inappropriate behaviour towards a woman in a social setting. Marchant admitted to an error in judgement, apologised to the individual, the ABF board and his colleagues, and accepted that his actions fell below the company's expected standards. Eoin Tonge, ABF's finance director, was appointed as interim CEO.{{cite news |last1=Onita |first1=Laura |title=Primark chief Paul Marchant resigns after investigation into inappropriate behaviour |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/business/2025/03/31/primark-chief-paul-marchant-resigns-after-investigation-into-inappropriate-behaviour/ |access-date=31 March 2025 |work=The Irish Times |date=31 March 2025 }}{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/business/2025/03/31/eoin-tonge-irishman-given-nod-to-head-up-penneys-was-cutting-his-teeth-in-business-at-just-21/|title=Irish man given nod to head up Penneys was cutting his teeth in business at 21|website=The Irish Times|accessdate=1 April 2025}}

Primark offers a diverse range of products, including: baby, children's, women's and men's clothing, accessories and footwear; beauty products; housewares and confectionery. The chain sells clothing at prices below those typically charged by other retailers.

From 2014, Primark began selling makeup products.{{cite news| url=http://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/beauty-hair/news/a25621/primark-makeup-range/| title=Primark has got a brand new makeup range| date=5 March 2014| magazine=Cosmopolitan| first=Lucy| last=Partington| access-date=24 August 2023}} Primark started selling vegan snacks from January 2018.{{cite news| url=https://www.plantbasednews.org/post/budget-chain-primark-starts-selling-vegan-snack-range| title=Budget Chain Primark Starts Selling Vegan Snack Range| access-date=19 February 2018| website=Plant Based News| date=29 January 2018| first=Maria| last=Chiorando}}

Along with retailers such as Zara and H&M, Primark contributes to the contemporary fast fashion trend. According to an article about Primark in The Economist, "For many shoppers, Primark has an irresistible offer: trendy clothes at astonishingly low prices. The result is a new and even faster kind of fast fashion, which encourages consumers to buy heaps of items, discard them after a few wears and then come back for another batch of new outfits."{{cite news| url=https://www.economist.com/news/business/21663221-rapidly-rising-super-cheap-irish-clothes-retailer-prepares-conquer-america-rivals-should| title=Faster, cheaper fashion| date=5 September 2015| magazine=The Economist| url-access=subscription}}

In 2020, Primark launched their Wellness collection which includes 80 eco-conscious products.{{cite web| title=Primark's new Wellness collection has landed and prices start from just £2| date=5 March 2020| url=https://www.you.co.uk/primark-wellness-collection/| magazine=You| access-date=24 August 2023}} All of the products are made of organic, sustainable or recycled materials. This is part of the retailer's commitment to be more responsible for its footprint.{{cite web| title=Primark to launch Wellness collection with Boxpark pop-up| first=Lauretta| last=Roberts| date=14 February 2020| url=https://www.theindustry.fashion/primark-to-launch-wellness-collection-with-boxpark-pop-up/| website=The Industry.Fashion}}

In early 2024, RTÉ broadcast a six-part documentary, entitled Inside Penneys, exploring the workings of the business.{{cite news |last1=Fetherston |first1=Sinann |title=Trend forecaster on bringing "an evolution of styles" to Penneys |url=https://www.rte.ie/lifestyle/living/2024/0108/1425343-trend-forecaster-on-bringing-an-evolution-of-styles-to-penneys/ |access-date=1 October 2024 |work=RTÉ |date=8 January 2024 }}{{cite news |last1=Power |first1=Ed |title=Inside Penneys: A starry-eyed love letter to one of Ireland’s great success stories |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/tv-radio/2024/01/09/inside-penneys-a-starry-eyed-love-letter-to-one-of-irealnds-great-success-stories/ |access-date=1 October 2024 |work=The Irish Times |date=9 January 2024 }}

In 2006, Primark joined the Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI), a collaborative organisation bringing together businesses, trades unions and NGOs to work on labour rights issues in their supply chains.{{cite press release| url=http://www.ethicaltrade.org/Z/lib/2006/05/primark-press/index.shtml| title=Primark joins Ethical Trading Initiative ETI| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008102159/http://www.ethicaltrade.org/Z/lib/2006/05/primark-press/index.shtml| archive-date=8 October 2007| publisher=Ethical Trading Initiative| date=26 May 2006}} ETI members commit to working towards the implementation of a code of conduct based on the International Labour Organization's core conventions.

In December 2008, the UK charity War on Want launched a new report, Fashion Victims II, that showed conditions had not improved in Bangladeshi factories supplying Primark, two years after the charity first visited them.{{cite web| url=http://www.waronwant.org/campaigns/supermarkets/fashion-victims/inform/16360-fashion-victims-ii| title=Fashion Victims II| access-date=18 February 2009| url-status=dead| website=War on Want| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302054854/http://waronwant.org/campaigns/supermarkets/fashion-victims/inform/16360-fashion-victims-ii| archive-date=2 March 2009}}

On 9 January 2009, a supplier was forced by ETI to remove its branding from Primark shops and websites following a BBC/The Observer investigation into the employment practices. The investigation alleged the use of illegal immigrant labour and argued that the workers were paid less than the UK legal minimum wage.{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2009/jan/11/primark-ethical-business-living| newspaper=The Guardian| location=London| title=Primark in storm over conditions at UK supplier| first=Dan| last=McDougall| date=11 January 2009| access-date=22 May 2010}}

On 16 June 2011, the BBC Trust's Editorial Standards Committee (ESC) published its findings into a Panorama programme{{cite web| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbctrust/news/press_releases/june/panorama.shtml| title=BBC Trust| access-date=17 June 2011| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110619034924/http://www.bbc.co.uk/bbctrust/news/press_releases/june/panorama.shtml| archive-date=19 June 2011| url-status=dead}} "Primark: On the Rack", broadcast in June 2008. The programme was an undercover investigative documentary examining poor working conditions in Indian factories supplying Primark. Although Primark subsequently stopped doing business with the Indian supplier, the ESC concluded that footage in the programme was 'more likely than not' to have been fabricated.{{cite news| url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/tv-radio/bbc-crisis-over-fake-sweatshop-scene-in-primark-documentary-2298764.html| work=The Independent| location=London| first1=Ian| last1=Burrell| first2=Martin| last2=Hickman| title=BBC crisis over 'fake' sweatshop scene in Primark documentary| date=16 June 2011}} The ESC directed the BBC to make an on-air apology and to ensure that the programme was not repeated or sold to other broadcasters. Primark created a specific website to deal with the issues around the programme.{{cite press release| url=http://www.primarkresponse.com/panorama/| title=Primark welcomes the BBC Panorama verdict| publisher=Primark| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110618132300/http://www.primarkresponse.com/panorama/| archive-date=18 June 2011}}

In 2011 and 2012, Primark achieved 'Leader' status in the Ethical Trading Initiative.{{cite web| title=Responsibility – Responsibility in action – Primark Ethical Trade Team| url=http://www.abf.co.uk/responsibility/our-actions/primark_ethical_trade_team| website=Associated British Foods| access-date=8 September 2015| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150502100506/http://www.abf.co.uk/responsibility/our-actions/primark_ethical_trade_team| archive-date=2 May 2015}}

In June 2013, two labels both stitched with alleged SOS messages were separately found in garments purchased from a shop in Swansea, Wales. Primark argued the supply chain showed these label messages were a hoax.{{cite news| url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/primark-claims-cry-for-help-labels-are-a-hoax-carried-out-in-the-uk-following-investigation-9569990.html| title=Primark claims 'cry for help labels' are a hoax carried out in the UK following investigation| newspaper=The Independent| location=London| date=28 June 2014}}

Also in June 2014, a customer from Ireland allegedly found an SOS note wrapped in a prison ID card in the pocket of trousers purchased from a Primark shop several years earlier.{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-28018137| title=Primark investigates claim of 'cry for help' note in trousers| work=BBC News| date=25 June 2014}} The letter was written in Chinese and said to report that prisoners were forced to work "like oxen" making fashion clothes for export for 15 hours per day and that the food they were given would not be fit for animals.{{cite press release| url=https://www.amnesty.org.uk/press-releases/%E2%80%98cry-help%E2%80%99-prisoner-chinese-forced-labour-jail-alleged-have-been-found-inside-primark| title='Cry for help' from prisoner in Chinese forced labour jail alleged to have been found inside Primark trousers| publisher=Amnesty International UK| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160709093857/https://www.amnesty.org.uk/press-releases/%E2%80%98cry-help%E2%80%99-prisoner-chinese-forced-labour-jail-alleged-have-been-found-inside-primark| archive-date=9 July 2016| date=24 June 2014}}

A year and a half later an alleged SOS note from a Chinese torture victim was found in socks purchased from Primark.{{cite news| url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2015/12/21/primark-socks-hidden-letter_n_8853680.html| title=Man Finds Letter Claiming To Be From Chinese Torture Victim In Primark Socks| last=Cherrington| first=Rosy| date=21 December 2015| website=HuffPost| access-date=20 November 2020}}

In December 2018, a human bone was found by a customer in a sock purchased in the shop's Colchester branch.{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-46998873| title=Primark customer finds 'human bone' in sock| work=BBC News| date=25 January 2019}}

File:The biggest Primark in the world, High Street, Birmingham - geograph.org.uk - 6267680.jpg|Primark shop at High Street in Birmingham, England, the largest in the chain

File:Edificio Madrid-París (Madrid) 08.jpg|Primark shop at Gran Vía in Madrid, Spain, the second-largest in the chain

File:PrimarkMadryt.jpg|alt=|Interior of the Primark shop at Gran Vía in Madrid, Spain

File:Former Lewis's Building, Mosley Street.jpg|Primark in the former Lewis's Building in Manchester city centre, Manchester, England

File:2017-12-01 Primark, Aqua Shopping Centre, Portimão.JPG|Primark in the Aqua Shopping Centre, Portimão, Algarve region, Portugal

File:Interior of the Ridings Centre, Wakefield, West Yorkshire (8th December 2020) 004.jpg|Primark in the Ridings Centre, Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England

File:Primark, The Hague (2019) 02.jpg|Primark in The Hague, Netherlands

File:Car park and department store, Wilton Shopping Centre, Cork (geograph 3095197).jpg|Penneys in the Wilton area of Cork, Ireland

File:PRIMARK store Boston Massachusetts 09172015.jpg|Primark in the Downtown Crossing area of Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.

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Category:Associated British Foods

Category:Clothing retailers of Ireland

Category:Clothing companies established in 1969

Category:Retail companies established in 1969

Category:Irish brands

Category:1969 establishments in Ireland

Category:2020s fashion