Prime Minister of Finland
{{Short description|Head of government of Finland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2014}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Prime Minister
| body = Finland
| native_name = {{native name|fi|Suomen pääministeri}}
{{native name|sv|Finlands statsminister}}
| flag =
| flagsize =
| flagborder =
| flagcaption =
| insignia = Logo of the Prime Minister of Finland.svg
| insigniasize =
| insigniacaption = Logo used by the Prime Minister’s Office
| image = Petteri-Orpo-01 (cropped).jpg
| imagesize =
| alt =
| incumbent = Petteri Orpo
| incumbentsince = 20 June 2023
| type = Head of government
| status =
| department = Executive branch of the Finnish Government
Prime Minister's Office
| style = {{plainlist|
- Prime Minister
(informal) - His Excellency
(diplomatic)
}}
| member_of = {{plainlist|
}}
| reports_to =
| residence = Kesäranta
| seat =
| nominator =
| appointer = President
| appointer_qualified =
| termlength = Four years, renewable
| termlength_qualified =
| constituting_instrument =
| precursor = Vice-Chairman of the Economic Division of the Senate of Finland
| formation = {{Start date and age|1917|11|27|df=yes}}
| first = Pehr Evind Svinhufvud
| last =
| abolished =
| succession =
| abbreviation =
| unofficial_names =
| deputy =
| salary = €202,350 annually{{cite web|url=http://valtioneuvosto.fi/en/sipila/ministerial-pay-and-allowances|title=Ministerial pay and allowances|website=Valtioneuvosto|access-date=12 November 2019|archive-date=20 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820210117/https://valtioneuvosto.fi/en/sipila/ministerial-pay-and-allowances|url-status=dead}}{{cite web |title=Sanna Marin tienasi ennätykselliset pääministeritulot – tässä syy |url=https://www.iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/ac9ee452-6aa4-43eb-83ee-5c012dfc3b6b |publisher=IL |access-date=4 October 2022}}
| website = {{url|https://valtioneuvosto.fi/en/ministers/-/min/orpo/prime-minister}}
}}
{{Politics of Finland}}
The prime minister of Finland ({{langx|fi|Suomen pääministeri}}; {{Langx|sv|Finlands statsminister}}) is the leader of the Finnish Government. The prime minister and his or her cabinet exercise executive authority in the state. The prime minister is formally ranked third in the protocol after the president of Finland and the speaker of the Parliament but is in practice the most powerful office-holder.{{cite book | title= Maassa maan tavalla - tunne säännöt ja onnistu. Ulkoasiainministeriön protokollapalvelut | page =32 | publisher= Ulkoasiainministeriö | year=2008 | isbn= 978-952-281-173-8 | language = fi}} Finland's first prime minister, Pehr Evind Svinhufvud (also later the 3rd president of Finland), was appointed on 27 November 1917, just a few days before the country declared its independence.
The incumbent prime minister is Petteri Orpo of the National Coalition Party. Orpo was sworn in on 20 June 2023.
History
In 1918, the Senate of Finland was transformed into the Government of Finland, and the position of vice-chairman of the Economic Division was transformed into that of the prime minister. Kesäranta, located in the westerly Meilahti subdivision of Helsinki, has been the official residence of the prime minister of Finland since 1919.
Since its independence in 1917, Finland has had 72 cabinets.{{cite web|url=http://www.vn.fi/hallitus/en.jsp|title=The Cabinet in Office|author=Finnish Council of State|publisher=Finnish Council of State|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101113021806/http://www.vn.fi/hallitus/en.jsp|archive-date=13 November 2010|url-status=dead|access-date=23 June 2010|df=dmy-all}} The longest lasting have been the two cabinets of prime minister Paavo Lipponen (Lipponen I and Lipponen II), both lasting the entire parliamentary term, or 1,464 days.
File:Pääministerien juhlalounas 27.9.2022.jpg|Celebratory lunch of Finland's Prime Ministers on 27 September 2022
File:Kesäranta talvella 2.JPG|Kesäranta, the official residence of the Prime Minister of Finland, in Taka-Töölö, Helsinki
Appointment
The prime minister's appointment follows the parliamentary election, which are scheduled to be held once every four years.
Under the provisions of the Constitution of Finland, the president nominates a prime minister after the parties in the parliament have negotiated the distribution of seats in the new cabinet and the government's programme. The parliament must ratify the nominated prime minister with an absolute majority in a confidence vote without other candidates. If the nominee doesn't receive sufficient support, a new round of negotiations and a second nomination by the President follows. If the second nominee also fails to gain an absolute majority, a third vote is held, in which any member of parliament can nominate a candidate; in this round a plurality is sufficient for election.
The above procedure was first used to elect Anneli Jäätteenmäki to the premiership in 2003. Previously it was assumed that the president would nominate the candidate who, in a third round of voting, would have gained a relative majority, this usually being the leader of the party with the largest seat share in parliament. Before the 2000 constitution was enacted, full formal powers to appoint the prime minister and the rest of the government had been the privilege of the president, who was free to diverge from parliamentary principles, although the ministers appointed had to have the confidence of the parliament.
Formally, the prime minister nominates the remaining members of the government, who are then, with the consent of Parliament, appointed by the president. In practice, the seats are divided between parties during the negotiations to form the government, so that the prime minister candidate must take into account the opinions of the participating parties and cannot nominate or remove whoever they wish.
Salary and benefits
The prime minister's salary is €12,173 per month. In addition, the prime minister receives half of the parliamentary salary. The full parliamentary salary is, as of 1 May 2011, at least €6,335 a month, so the Finnish prime minister receives at least €14,842 per month in total. The salary is subject to income tax.
The prime minister is entitled to 30 vacation days during each calendar year. The maintenance, staff and services of Kesäranta, the official residence, are paid for by the government. The prime minister's benefits do not include free meals or meal allowance.
The prime minister has transportation and security services at their disposal at all times.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}
Timeline
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from: 04/07/1930 till: 18/02/1931 color:KOK text:"Pehr Evind Svinhufvud"
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from: 31/05/1924 till: 31/03/1925 color:KOK text:"Lauri Ingman"
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from: 07/10/1936 till: 17/02/1937 color:KESK text:"Kyösti Kallio"
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from: 22/12/1928 till: 16/08/1929 color:ED text:"Oskari Mantere"
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from: 17/02/1937 till: 12/03/1937 color:ED text:"Rudolf Holsti"
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from: 08/08/1944 till: 21/09/1944 color:Ind text:"Antti Hackzell"
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from: 21/09/1944 till: 17/11/1944 color:KOK text:"Urho Castrén"
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from: 09/03/1946 till: 26/03/1946 color:Ind text:"Carl Enckell"
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from: 26/03/1948 till: 29/07/1948 color:SKDL text:"Mauno Pekkala"
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from: 15/07/1970 till: 29/10/1971 color:KESK text:"Ahti Karjalainen"
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from: 26/05/1979 till: 27/10/1981 color:SDP text:"Mauno Koivisto"
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from: 29/10/1971 till: 23/02/1972 color:Ind text:"Teuvo Aura"
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from: 15/05/1977 till: 26/05/1979 color:SDP
from: 19/02/1982 till: 30/04/1987 color:SDP text:"Kalevi Sorsa"
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from: 13/06/1975 till: 30/11/1975 color:Ind text:"Keijo Liinamaa"
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from: 27/10/1981 till: 19/02/1982 color:Ind text:"Eino Uusitalo"
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from: 30/04/1987 till: 26/04/1991 color:KOK text:"Harri Holkeri"
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from: 26/04/1991 till: 13/04/1995 color:KESK text:"Esko Aho"
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from: 13/04/1995 till: 17/04/2003 color:SDP text:"Paavo Lipponen"
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from: 17/04/2003 till: 24/06/2003 color:KESK text:"Anneli Jäätteenmäki"
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from: 24/06/2003 till: 22/06/2010 color:KESK text:"Matti Vanhanen"
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from: 22/06/2010 till: 22/06/2011 color:KESK text:"Mari Kiviniemi"
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from: 22/06/2011 till: 24/06/2014 color:KOK text:"Jyrki Katainen"
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from: 24/06/2014 till: 29/05/2015 color:KOK text:"Alexander Stubb"
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from: 29/05/2015 till: 06/06/2019 color:KESK text:"Juha Sipilä"
bar:Rinne
from: 06/06/2019 till: 10/12/2019 color:SDP text:"Antti Rinne"
bar:Marin
from: 10/12/2019 till: 20/06/2023 color:SDP text:"Sanna Marin"
bar:Orpo
from: 20/06/2023 till: $now color:KOK text:"Petteri Orpo"
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See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category|Prime ministers of Finland}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20051119191201/http://www.valtioneuvosto.fi/vn/liston/vnk.lsp?r=916&k=en Official site]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20050321020117/http://www.valtioneuvosto.fi/vn/liston/base.lsp?r=749&k=en From Senate to independent Government]
{{Finland topics}}
{{FinnishPrimeMinisters}}
{{Europe heads of state and government}}
{{European Council}}
{{Prime Minister}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Prime Minister Of Finland}}