Proboscidipparion

{{Short description|Extinct genus of mammals}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| fossil_range = {{Geological range|Pliocene|Early Pleistocene}}

| image = Proboscidipparion_pater.jpg

| image_caption = Skulls of Proboscidipparion pater

| display_parents = 2

| taxon = Proboscidipparion

| authority = Sefve, 1927

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision = †P. heintzi

†P. pater

†P. sinense

}}

Proboscidipparion is an extinct genus of hipparionine equine. It is named after its unusual retracted nasal region of the skull, which may have supported a proboscis.{{Cite journal |last1=Bernor |first1=Raymond L. |last2=Kaya |first2=Ferhat |last3=Kaakinen |first3=Anu |last4=Saarinen |first4=Juha |last5=Fortelius |first5=Mikael |date=October 2021 |title=Old world hipparion evolution, biogeography, climatology and ecology |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0012825221002853 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en |volume=221 |pages=103784 |doi=10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103784|bibcode=2021ESRv..22103784B }} Fossils have been found throughout Eurasia, from England to China.{{Cite news|url=https://www.sciencealert.com/skull-of-hipparion-proboscidipparion-found-from-the-early-pleistocene-of-longdan-northwestern-china|title=Skull of Three-Toed Horse Found|last=Sciences|first=Chinese Academy of|work=ScienceAlert|access-date=2018-05-12|language=en-gb|archive-date=2018-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180513152905/https://www.sciencealert.com/skull-of-hipparion-proboscidipparion-found-from-the-early-pleistocene-of-longdan-northwestern-china|url-status=dead}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vRpHAAAAQBAJ&q=proboscidipparion+pater&pg=PA76|title=Fossil Mammals of Asia: Neogene Biostratigraphy and Chronology|last=Wang|first=Xiaoming|date=2013-05-14|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=9780231520829|language=en}} The oldest specimens are known from Asia, dating to the Early Pliocene, around 5.3-5 million years ago. The genus was one of the last surviving hipparionines, with the youngest specimen dating to the end of the Early Pleistocene, around 1 million years ago.