Progressive Republican Party (Turkey)

Nearly one year before Greece and Turkey signed the Treaty of Lausanne in the summer of 1924, the Ottoman sultanate was abolished and the Turkish state was formally declared a republic, marking the end of six centuries of imperial rule. After the peace treaty was signed, Istanbul was relinquished to the ruling Turkish nationalists as the occupying armies withdrew at the close of the Turkish War of Independence. However, the domestic political conflict was not yet resolved and some established members of the Turkish National Movement including Ali Fuat Cebesoy, Kâzım Karabekir, Adnan Adıvar and Rauf Orbay were increasingly anxious that they would be targeted by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who had already forbidden the re-establishment of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) and abolished the Caliphate. In November 1924, a few months after the abolition of the Caliphate, members of the former CUP and National Movement joined to form the Progressive Republican Party in opposition to what they considered the authoritarian rule of Mustafa Kemal and the ruling Republican People's Party (CHP).{{cite book |last=Gingeras |first=Ryan |title=Sorrowful Shores: Violence, Ethnicity, and the End of the Ottoman Empire 1912-1923 |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=2009 |isbn=9780191568022 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EeIunm2zH44C}}

File:Ismail Canbulat.jpg

The parties leaders consisted of the retired General Kâzım Karabekir who became its president, Adıvar and Orbay as his deputy presidents and several former members of the Committee for Union and Progress (CUP) such as Rüştü Pasha, Bekir Sami Kunduh, {{III|Ahmet Şükrü Bayındır|lt=Ahmet Şükrü|tr||WD=}} and {{III|İsmail Canbulat|lt=İsmail Canbulat|tr||WD=}} as members of the Central Administrative Committee.{{Cite book|last=Ahmad|first=Feroz|title=Political Parties and Democracy in Turkey|publisher=I.B. Tauris|year=1991|isbn=1-85043300-3|editor-last=Heper|editor-first=Metin|pages=73|language=en|editor-last2=Landau|editor-first2=Jacob M.}}

On domestic policy, the party supported liberalism generally, but was blamed by the government for being the vehicle of radicals in attempting subvert the newly established government. After Mustafa Kemal blamed Karabekir for the Sheikh Said Rebellion and the assassination attempt made on himself in İzmir, the party was closed on 5 June by the government. As a consequence, Karabekir and many members of the party were court-martialed by the Independence Tribunal and imprisoned, although they were later released. However, he was kept under house arrest along with 82 members of the opposition for two decades. During the presidency of İsmet İnönü, he was rehabilitated and chosen as a member of Parliament and was elected as the Speaker of the National Assembly after the end of World War II.

• Second Group (Turkey)

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Category:Political parties established in 1924

Category:Defunct political parties in Turkey

Category:1924 establishments in Turkey

Category:1925 disestablishments in Turkey

Category:Political parties disestablished in 1925

Category:2nd parliament of Turkey

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