Propalaeocastor

{{Short description|Extinct genus of rodents}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| fossil_range = early Oligocene

| taxon = Propalaeocastor

| authority = Borissoglebskaya, 1967

| type_species = †Propalaeocastor kazachstanicus

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision =

• †P. butselensis
• †P. irtyshensis
• †P. kazachstanicus
• †P. shevyrevae
• †P. zaissanensis

| synonyms =

• †Asteneofiber Kretzoi, 1974

}}

Propalaeocastor is a poorly known extinct genus of beavers (family Castoridae) from the early Oligocene of Europe and Asia. Recently described material of a new species of Propalaeocastor, P. irtyshensis, indicates the genus is probably the earliest known member of the subfamily Castorinae,Wu, W., Meng, J., Ye, J. and Ni, X. 2004. Propalaeocastor (Rodentia, Mammalia) from the early Oligocene of Burqin Basin, Xinjiang. American Museum Novitates 3461:1-16. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2771] which includes all castorids more closely related to living beavers (genus Castor) than to the extinct giant beaver (genus Castoroides). Previously, Propalaeocastor had been allied with more basal beavers such as Agnotocastor and Anchitheriomys.Korth W.W., 2002. Comments on the systematics and classification of the beavers (Rodentia, Castoridae). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 8(4):279-296. {{doi|10.1023/A:1014468732231}} According to Wu and coauthors, Propalaeocastor, specifically P. butselensis, is the likely ancestor of the better-known Eurasian castorine Steneofiber.