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Puto (bug)

{{Short description|Genus of true bugs}}

{{About|the genus of scale insects|other meanings|Puto (disambiguation){{!}}Puto}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image =

| image_caption =

| taxon = Puto

| authority = Signoret, 1875

| display_parents = 2

| synonyms = Macrocerococcus Leonardi, 1907

}}

Puto is a genus of insects described as giant mealybugs, although it is the only extant genus in different family Putoidae; it was originally described by Victor Antoine Signoret in 1875.Signoret VA (1875) "Essai sur les cochenilles ou gallinsectes (Homoptères - Coccides), 15e partie" Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (serie 5)

Hosts

Giant mealybugs occur on a wide range of hosts, each species having its own specific host. Host plants commonly include conifers, grasses and various woody shrubs. All parts of the plant can be infested.

Description

The adult female is oval and up to five millimetres long and concealed by tufts of powdery white wax. If the wax is removed, two longitudinal black stripes can be seen on the upper surface of the body and the wax glands are large and conspicuous. The legs and antennae are well developed and a dark colour.{{cite web |url=http://www.sel.barc.usda.gov/scalekeys/scalefamilies/key/scale%20families/media/html/scalefamilies/Families/Putoidae/Pmexicanus.html |publisher=USDA Agricultural Research Service |title=Family: Putoidae |access-date=February 22, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011004053/http://www.sel.barc.usda.gov/ScaleKeys/ScaleFamilies/key/Scale%20Families/Media/Html/ScaleFamilies/Families/Putoidae/Pmexicanus.html |archive-date=October 11, 2010 |url-status=dead }}

Life cycle

There are generally four instars in the female and five in the male. In many species there is a single generation each year and the first instar is the overwintering stage. Puto sandini however takes four years to complete its life cycle.{{cite journal |author=R. I. Washburn |year=1965 |title=Description and bionomics of a new species of Puto from Utah (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) |journal=Annals of the Entomological Society of America |volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=293–297 |doi=10.1093/aesa/58.3.293 }}

Species

The current scientific consensus appears to be based on the two-subgenus proposal by Gavrilov-Zimin & Danzig;Gavrilov-Zimin IA, Danzig EM (2012) Taxonomic position of the genus Puto Signoret (Homoptera: Coccinea: Pseudococcidae) and separation of higher taxa in Coccinea. Zoosystematica Rossica 21(1): 97–111. the following species, recorded from the Americas, mainland Europe and SE Asia, are included in BioLib.cz (as separate genera):

=''Puto'' subgenus ''Ceroputo''=

Authority: Šulc, 1897[https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id1999805/ BioLib.cz: Genus Ceroputo Šulc, 1897] (retrieved 16 May 2024)

  1. Puto (Ceroputo) graminis {{Au|Danzig, 1972}}
  2. Puto (Ceroputo) liquidambaris {{Au|Zhang & Watson, 2023}}
  3. Puto (Ceroputo) mimicus {{Au|(McKenzie, 1967)}}
  4. Puto (Ceroputo) pilosellae {{Au|Šulc, 1898}} ("hairy mealybug")
  5. Puto (Ceroputo) vaccinii {{Au|Danzig, 1897}}

=''Puto'' subgenus ''Puto''=

Authority: Signoret, 1875[https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id101503/ BioLib.cz: genus Puto Signoret, 1875] (retrieved 14 May 2024) - list incomplete:

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References

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External links

  • [https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/123699-Puto/browse_photos Images at iNaturalist]
  • {{wikispecies inline|Puto|Puto}}

{{taxonbar|from=Q19686517|from2=Q27596919}}

Category:Sternorrhyncha genera

Category:Archaeococcoids