Qinzhou

{{Infobox settlement

|name = Qinzhou

|official_name =

|native_name = {{lang|zh-hans|钦州市 • {{lang|za|Ginhcouh Si}}}}

|other_name =

|settlement_type = Prefecture-level city

|nickname =

|motto =

|image_skyline = Qinzhou.jpg

|imagesize =

|image_caption = Qinzhou government buildings

|image_seal =

|seal_size =

|image_shield =

|shield_size =

|image_blank_emblem =

|blank_emblem_size =

|image_map = Guangxi subdivisions - Qinzhou.svg

|mapsize =

|map_caption = Location of Qinzhou City jurisdiction in Guangxi

|image_map1 =

|mapsize1 =

|map_caption1 =

|pushpin_map = China

|pushpin_label_position =

|pushpin_map_caption = Location in China

|pushpin_mapsize =

|subdivision_type = Country

|subdivision_name = People's Republic of China

|subdivision_type1 = Autonomous region

|subdivision_name1 = Guangxi

|subdivision_type2 =

|subdivision_name2 =

|seat_type = Municipal seat

|seat = Qinbei District

|government_type =

|leader_title =

|leader_name =

|leader_title1 =

|leader_name1 =

|established_title =

|established_date =

|area_magnitude =

|area_footnotes =

|area_total_km2 = 10820.85

|area_land_km2 =

|area_water_km2 =

|area_water_percent =

|area_urban_km2 = 4750.2

|area_metro_km2 = 4750.2

|population_as_of =2020 census

|population_footnotes = {{cite web| url = https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/guangxi/admin/| title = China: Guăngxī (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map}}

|population_note =

|population_total =3,302,238

|population_density_km2 =auto

|population_metro =1,400,134

|population_density_metro_km2 =auto

|population_urban =1,400,134

|population_density_urban_km2 =auto

| demographics_type2 = GDP{{citation|title=广西统计年鉴－2021|url=http://tjj.gxzf.gov.cn//tjsj/tjnj/material/tjnj20200415/2022/indexch.htm|website=tjj.gxzf.gov.cn}}

| demographics2_title1 = Prefecture-level city

| demographics2_info1 = CN¥ 164.8 billion
US$ 25.5 billion

| demographics2_title2 = Per capita

| demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 49,804
US$ 7,720

|timezone = China Standard

|utc_offset = +8

|coor_pinpoint = Qinzhou municipal government

|coordinates = {{coord|21.981|N|108.654|E|type:adm2nd_region:CN-45_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}

|elevation_footnotes =

|elevation_m = 12

|elevation_ft = 39

|postal_code_type = Postal code

|postal_code = 535000

|area_code = 0777

|iso_code = CN-GX-07

|blank_name = Licence plate prefixes

|blank_info = {{lang|zh-cn|桂N}}

|website = {{URL|www.qinzhou.gov.cn}}

|footnotes =

}}

{{Infobox Chinese|psp=Yamchow|t=欽州|s=钦州|p=Qīnzhōu|mi = {{IPAc-cmn|q|in|1|.|zh|ou|1|}}|w=Ch'in¹-chou¹|j=Jam¹zau¹|ci = {{IPAc-yue|j|am|1|.|z|au|1|}}|order=st|zha=Ginhcouh|zha57=Ginƅcouƅ}}

Qinzhou (postal: Yamchow or Yen Chow, {{zh|t={{linktext|欽州}} |s={{linktext|钦州}} |p=Qīnzhōu}}, Jyutping: Jam1 zau1 (Canton) /Ham1 zau1 (Local) )In postal romanization, it is also romanized as Yamchow and Yenchow (see Yen Chow Street in Hong Kong) is a prefecture-level city in south-central Guangxi, southern China, lying on the Gulf of Tonkin and having a total population of 3,302,238 as of the 2020 census whom 1,400,134 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Qinbei and Qinnan urban Districts.

History

The area originally belonged to Guangdong and was transferred to Guangxi in 1965. The city was originally a county Qinxian (postal: Yamhsien). From the beginning of the present era,{{when|date=July 2014}} Qinzhou (Wade-Giles: K'in-chou) was for many centuries "the center of Chinese overland trade with Indo-China".Chau Ju-Kua: His Work on the Chinese and Arab trade in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, entitled Chu-fen-chĩ, translated from the Chinese and Annotated by Friedrich Hirth and W. W. Rockhill. St. Petersburg. 1911, p. 6.

Administration

The Qinzhou municipal region comprises two (county-level) districts and two counties.

Population data is as of 2023.{{cite news|last1=Qinzhou Government |first1= |title=Population |url=http://www.qinzhou.gov.cn/glqz/zrdl/t13660877.shtml | publisher=Qinzhou Government}}

Qinnan District - pop. 677,600
Qinbei District - pop. 882,000
Lingshan County - pop. 1,692,200
Pubei County - pop. 954,100

class="wikitable"

! Map

{{Image label begin|image=Administrative Division Qinzhou.png|width={{{1|670}}}|link=}}

{{Image label|x=790|y=1160|scale={{{1|670}}}/2360|text=Qinnan}}

{{Image label|x=460|y=770|scale={{{1|670}}}/2360|text=Qinbei}}

{{Image label|x=1230|y=610|scale={{{1|670}}}/2360|text=Lingshan
County}}

{{Image label|x=1760|y=610|scale={{{1|670}}}/2360|text=Pubei
County}}

Geography and climate

Despite its latitude and location on the Gulf of Tonkin coast, Qinzhou has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa),{{cite news|last1=Qinzhou Government |first1= |title=Climate |url=http://www.qinzhou.gov.cn/glqz/zrdl/t13658825.shtml | publisher=Qinzhou Government}} with short, mild winters, and long, hot and humid summers. Winter begins dry and rather sunny but becomes progressively wetter and cloudier. Spring is generally overcast and often rainy, while summer continues to be rainy though is the sunniest time of year; the coastal location moderates summer daytime temperatures, but there are 10.9 days annually with rainfall totaling at least {{convert|50|mm|2|abbr=on}}. Autumn is sunny and dry. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from {{convert|13.9|°C|1}} in January to {{convert|28.6|°C|1}} in July, and the annual mean is {{convert|22.53|°C|1}}. Mean annual rainfall is just above {{convert|2170|mm|in|abbr=on}}, the majority of which, on average, occurs from June to August in large totals in excess of {{convert|380|mm|in|abbr=on}} each month. With monthly possible sunshine ranging from 17% in February to 55% in September, the city receives an average of 1,721 hours of bright sunshine annually.

{{Weather box

| width = auto

| metric first = y

| single line = y

| collapsed = Y

| location = Qinzhou, elevation {{convert|49|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–present)

| Jan high C = 17.8

| Feb high C = 19.4

| Mar high C = 22.1

| Apr high C = 27.0

| May high C = 30.6

| Jun high C = 31.9

| Jul high C = 32.4

| Aug high C = 32.7

| Sep high C = 31.9

| Oct high C = 29.3

| Nov high C = 25.3

| Dec high C = 20.5

| Jan mean C = 14.0

| Feb mean C = 15.8

| Mar mean C = 18.6

| Apr mean C = 23.3

| May mean C = 26.8

| Jun mean C = 28.4

| Jul mean C = 28.7

| Aug mean C = 28.5

| Sep mean C = 27.6

| Oct mean C = 24.9

| Nov mean C = 20.7

| Dec mean C = 16.1

| Jan low C = 11.5

| Feb low C = 13.3

| Mar low C = 16.2

| Apr low C = 20.8

| May low C = 24.1

| Jun low C = 25.9

| Jul low C = 26.1

| Aug low C = 25.7

| Sep low C = 24.7

| Oct low C = 21.7

| Nov low C = 17.5

| Dec low C = 13.1

| Jan record high C = 27.7

| Jan record low C = 1.2

| Feb record high C = 31.5

| Feb record low C = 2.1

| Mar record high C = 31.3

| Mar record low C = 3.8

| Apr record high C = 34.0

| Apr record low C = 9.0

| May record high C = 34.7

| May record low C = 14.6

| Jun record high C = 37.0

| Jun record low C = 19.0

| Jul record high C = 37.9

| Jul record low C = 21.0

| Aug record high C = 37.5

| Aug record low C = 20.9

| Sep record high C = 36.9

| Sep record low C = 15.9

| Oct record high C = 35.3

| Oct record low C = 10.9

| Nov record high C = 32.9

| Nov record low C = 3.9

| Dec record high C = 31.5

| Dec record low C = 1.9

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation mm = 50.8

| Feb precipitation mm = 42.6

| Mar precipitation mm = 73.0

| Apr precipitation mm = 102.9

| May precipitation mm = 194.8

| Jun precipitation mm = 460.4

| Jul precipitation mm = 478.4

| Aug precipitation mm = 376.0

| Sep precipitation mm = 194.6

| Oct precipitation mm = 100.0

| Nov precipitation mm = 73.0

| Dec precipitation mm = 40.1

| Jan humidity = 75

| Feb humidity = 80

| Mar humidity = 84

| Apr humidity = 82

| May humidity = 81

| Jun humidity = 85

| Jul humidity = 84

| Aug humidity = 83

| Sep humidity = 78

| Oct humidity = 71

| Nov humidity = 71

| Dec humidity = 69

| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm

| Jan precipitation days = 10.9

| Feb precipitation days = 11.3

| Mar precipitation days = 15.2

| Apr precipitation days = 13.2

| May precipitation days = 14.6

| Jun precipitation days = 18.7

| Jul precipitation days = 19.6

| Aug precipitation days = 19.1

| Sep precipitation days = 12.7

| Oct precipitation days = 7.5

| Nov precipitation days = 7.2

| Dec precipitation days = 7.8

| year precipitation days =

| Jan sun = 74.9

| Feb sun = 63.8

| Mar sun = 62.2

| Apr sun = 104.0

| May sun = 164.6

| Jun sun = 159.5

| Jul sun = 192.2

| Aug sun = 191.6

| Sep sun = 192.3

| Oct sun = 191.0

| Nov sun = 150.1

| Dec sun = 120.4

| year sun =

| Jan percentsun = 22

| Feb percentsun = 20

| Mar percentsun = 17

| Apr percentsun = 27

| May percentsun = 40

| Jun percentsun = 40

| Jul percentsun = 47

| Aug percentsun = 48

| Sep percentsun = 53

| Oct percentsun = 53

| Nov percentsun = 45

| Dec percentsun = 36

| year percentsun =

| source 1 = China Meteorological Administration{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans |access-date=28 May 2023}}

{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans | access-date =28 May 2023}} all-time extreme temperature{{cite web

|url= http://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm

|title= Extreme Temperatures Around the World

|access-date= 2024-09-22

}}

| source 2 = Weather China{{cite web

| url = http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101301101.shtml?

| script-title=zh:钦州 - 气象数据 -中国天气网

| publisher = Weather China

| language = zh

| access-date = 27 November 2022}}

| source =

}}

Nature

Critically endangered Chinese white dolphins still live in the waters of these areas such as in Sanniang Bay.{{Cite news| url=http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/2010-09/03/content_11253054.htm | title=Plight of dolphins major issue amid city expansion |work=China Daily U.S. |date=2010-09-03}} They are threatened by various factors such habitat loss.

Economy

In 2004, the GDP totaled 17.5 billion yuan, and the GDP per capita was {{formatnum:5131}} yuan.[http://www.tdctrade.com/mktprof/china/guangxi.htm Market Profiles on Chinese Cities and Provinces] (actualisation 08/2006)

Grain cultivation, hog husbandry, fruit growing and fishing are of significance in the surrounding areas.

Qinzhou is also one of the centers of turtle farming; according to one estimate, as of c. 2012, over 10,000 families in the Qinzhou area were involved in that industry, raising 1.25 million turtles at their homes and farms. Around 1,500 tons of turtles are sold by Qinzhou's turtle farmers to the national market every year.{{citation|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/guangxi/liuzhou/2013-11/27/content_17137420.htm

|title=Turtle power propels Qinzhou

|last=Li|first= Yang |periodical=China Daily |date= 2013-11-27}}

Oysters are also a significant product from Qinzhou. Oyster farming has reached 230,000 tons a year in an area of 10,100 hectares (38.9 square miles){{Cite web | url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-12/19/c_136837587.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180223214753/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-12/19/c_136837587.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=February 23, 2018 |title = Farmers harvest oysters in China's Guangxi - Xinhua | English.news.cn |work=Xinhua English |date=2017-12-19}} It has become so popular, every year from December 1–28, Qinzhou hosts its annual Oyster Festival.{{cite news|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/regional/2017-12/05/content_35219426.htm |title=Qinzhou serves local gourmet food at oyster festival |work=China Daily |date=2017-12-05 |access-date=2020-04-26}} Gourmet food is served and the oyster is celebrated all month long. People from all over the world go to enjoy oysters prepared in a variety of ways. There are demonstrations where chefs prepare oysters the way you want right in front of you.

Famous people

Liu Yongfu (1837–1917) soldier of fortune, creator of the Black Flag Army
Han Feng (1956–) Tobacco monopoly apparatchik outed in 2010 as a "Chinese Casanova"
Chen Xingqian, one of the founders of Qinzhou's turtle farming industry
Feng Zicai (1818 – 1903)

Sister cities

Qinzhou currently has a sister city, Kuantan, Malaysia.{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2015/02/14/kuantan-port-expansion-to-improve-economic-ties-with-china/|title=Kuantan Port expansion to improve economic ties with China|author=Simon Khoo|work=The Star|date=14 February 2015|access-date=21 December 2015}}

References

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{{Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}}

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Category:Cities in Guangxi

Category:Prefecture-level divisions of Guangxi

Category:Gulf of Tonkin