RAF Hospital Ely
{{Short description|Former Royal Air Force hospital in Cambridgeshire, England}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox hospital
| name = RAF Hospital Ely
| image = Royal Air Force Medical Services, 1939-1945. CH9811.jpg
| alt = A black and white image of four nursing sisters on pushbikes outside a hospital block
| caption = Off-duty nursing sisters with RAF Hospital Ely behind them
| map_type =
| relief =
| map_size =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| location = Ely
| region = Cambridgeshire
| country = England
| coordinates = {{coord|52.413|0.274|display=inline, title}}
| healthcare = Military
| funding = Government
| beds = 150 (1940)
168 (1987)
| former-names =
| constructed =1939 – 1940
| opened = 1940
| closed = 31 July 1992
}}
RAF Hospital Ely (also known as RAF Ely and RAFH Ely), was a Royal Air Force staffed military hospital in Ely, Cambridgeshire, England. The hospital opened in 1940, and was one of a handful of Second World War era RAF hospitals that were kept open post Second World War, remaining a military asset until 1992, although it also treated non-service patients, usually those who lived locally. On closure, the hospital became a civilian hospital under the NHS. Although not located on an established RAF Base (unlike RAFH Cosford and RAFH Halton), RAFH Ely was located within {{convert|50|mi}} of forty RAF bases in the Second World War.
History
Groundwork for the hospital was started as far back as 1937,{{sfn|Rexford-Welch|1954|p=184}} although actual construction started in 1939,{{sfn|Mackie|2001|p=89}} and by June 1940, the hospital was opened with a capacity of 197 beds.{{cite book |last1=Lane |first1=Joan |title=A social history of medicine : health, healing and disease in England, 1750-1950 |date=2001 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=0-415-20037-7 |page=183}} Originally, land on High Barnes Road was allocated for the hospital, but this was moved further north to the road out of Ely to Chettisham.{{cite web |title=Ely and Chettisham |url=https://maps.nls.uk/geo/explore/#zoom=15&lat=52.41259&lon=0.28230&layers=168&b=1 |website=maps.nls.uk |access-date=11 October 2021 |quote=Use the slider on the lower left to toggle between modern day imagery and old maps}} The first part to open was at Littleport, which became an annexe of the Ely Hospital.{{cite news |title=How it all began, and how it's going for the Princess of Wales hospital |url=https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=AWGLNB&t=&sort=YMD_date%3AD&fld-base-0=alltext&maxresults=20&val-base-0=%22RAF%20Hospital%20Ely%22&docref=news/1850BBB1E87C0B50 |access-date=11 October 2021 |work=infoweb.newsbank.com |date=16 September 2021|url-access=subscription}} The facility at Littleport ({{convert|5|mi|0}} to the north), was opened hurriedly when on the outbreak of war, the Ely facility was not completed in time.{{sfn|Rexford-Welch|1954|p=200}}
An August 1940 opening was worked on the basis of the hospital not being complete, however, in terms of the other RAF hospitals, it was quite modern in having air-conditioning and was designed to be blast-proof.{{sfn|Rexford-Welch|1954|p=200}} An enemy bomber did drop some ordnance near to the hospital in February 1941, killing a guard, and although all the glass in the hospital was smashed, there was no structural damage.{{sfn|Rexford-Welch|1954|p=202}} Due to many of the East Anglian regiments and Air Force personnel serving in the Far East, Ely hospital became a unit which specialised in tropical diseases.{{cite web |title=Princess of Wales RAF Hospital, Ely (Hansard, 13 November 1990) |url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1990/nov/13/princess-of-wales-raf-hospital-ely |website=api.parliament.uk |access-date=12 September 2021}} The hospital also had a maxillo-facial unit which opened in June 1942, the first ever in an RAF Hospital, and was staffed by a dental officer who had been specially trained in that area.{{sfn|Mackie|2001|p=119}} Selected staff attended the emergency medical section at East Grinstead, which was noted in its pioneering use of plastic surgery on the burns suffered by aircrew.{{sfn|Rexford-Welch|1954|p=134}} These staff were then returned to their units, with the RAF hospitals at Halton, Rauceby, Cosford and Ely having special burns units.{{sfn|Mackie|2001|p=105}} By the time the hospital was running at full-strength, it could cater for over forty RAF stations within a {{convert|50|mi}} radius.{{sfn|Rexford-Welch|1954|p=201}} Many of the patients who were treated at RAFH Ely during the war, were casualties from the nearby Bomber Command bases who had been injured on bombing operations over occupied Europe.{{cite news |title=Mrs GB Abel Porthpean obituary |work=The Cornish Guardian |date=6 August 2014 |page=43|issn=2044-1606}}{{cite book |last1=Bowman |first1=Martin W. |title=Last of the Lancasters |date=2014 |publisher=Pen & Sword |location=Barnsley, England |isbn=1473843456 |page=41}}
Although no airfield existed at the hospital, in the 1960s a Spitfire aircraft was transported on a low-loader from RAF Middleton-st-George to act as the hospital's gate guardian. This was replaced by a Meteor aircraft.{{cite web |title=Aircraft WS774 (1954 Gloster Meteor NF(T).14 C/N Not found WS774) Photo by Peter Nicholson (Photo ID: AC303475) |url=https://www.airport-data.com/aircraft/photo/000303475.html |website=www.airport-data.com |access-date=14 October 2021}} In 1962, nurse training was formalised at Ely and Wroughton hospitals; both female and male nurses would enlist doing six-weeks basic training at RAF Halton camp (not the hospital), and then move to Ely or Wroughton for three years of nursing training.{{sfn|Mackie|2001|p=269}} As a post-war service, the hospital also treated non-service personnel from the local area (there was also another hospital, The Tower Hospital, in Ely), and had an accident and emergency unit which was opened in 1963.{{cite web |title=Princess Of Wales Raf Hospital, Ely - Tuesday 13 November 1990 - Hansard - UK Parliament |url=https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/1990-11-13/debates/82caea21-ae35-45e5-8cc1-b1dcc3fff356/PrincessOfWalesRafHospitalEly |website=hansard.parliament.uk |access-date=14 October 2021 |date=13 November 1990}} In 1973, the hospital treated 31,000 outpatients, and 6,000 inpatients, of which, at least 30% were civilian patients. In September 1977, the hospital was given the Freedom of the City of Ely.{{cite news |editor-last1=Rees-Mogg |editor-first1=William |editor-link=William Rees-Mogg|title=Hospital honoured |work=The Times |issue=60,117 |date=24 September 1977 |page=14|issn=0140-0460}}{{sfn|Mackie|2001|p=309}} In the late 1970s, it was decided that either the hospital at Nocton Hall or Ely would close,{{cite web |title=RAF Ely (Hansard, 16 January 1979) |url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1979/jan/16/raf-ely |website=api.parliament.uk |access-date=11 October 2021}} and in 1983 Nocton Hall closed. RAFH Ely accepted the work that was previously undertaken there,{{cite journal |last1=Ansell |first1=Keith |title=RAF Support Command |journal=Armed Forces monthly |date=September 1982 |page=299 |publisher=Ian Allan |location=Shepperton |issn=0142-4696}} having a £4 million refit with two new operating theatres and four new wards.
The number of beds available for in-patients varied over the years, and numbers reflected the necessity (the Second World War) and the diminishing service community.
File:Aerial tower at Princess of Wales Hospital, Ely - geograph.org.uk - 284096.jpg
| class="wikitable"
|+Bed space numbers !Year !Beds !Ref |
| 1940
|400 (included the 250 beds at Littleport) |{{sfn|Rexford-Welch|1954|p=37}} |
| 1941
|(315 at Ely, 250 at Littleport) 565 |{{sfn|Rexford-Welch|1954|p=201}} |
| 1972
|175 |
| 1980
|142 |
| 1985
|185 |
| 1987
|168 (65 beds specially reserved for NHS patients) |{{cite web |title=Service Hospitals - Thursday 17 December 1987 - Hansard - UK Parliament |url=https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/1987-12-17/debates/7ef0c329-c664-4b11-8ed3-51d12f4b5be3/ServiceHospitals?highlight=raf%20ely#contribution-b02763bc-5ae6-4678-8db7-53173fa90cd9 |website=hansard.parliament.uk |access-date=14 October 2021 |date=17 December 1987}} |
| 1990
|137 |
| 1992
|81 |
Both locations had numerous outpatients too.{{sfn|Rexford-Welch|1954|pp=201-202}} Besides routine medical work, and services to the local community, the hospital continued to provide specialist attention. In 1986, several air crashes resulted in pilots and aircrew being taken to RAFH Ely after ejecting for their aircraft.{{cite news |title=Air crews survive jet collision |url=https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=AWGLNB&t=&sort=YMD_date%3AA&fld-base-0=alltext&maxresults=20&val-base-0=%22RAF%20Ely%22&docref=news/0F90B5816322FD2E |access-date=14 October 2021 |work=infoweb.newsbank.com |date=11 December 1986|url-access=subscription}}
Diana, Princess of Wales visited the hospital in July 1987, and unveiled its new name of the Princess of Wales Royal Air Force Hospital.{{cite web |title=RAF Hospital in Ely |url=http://www.elymuseum.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Raf-hospital-v3.pdf |website=elymuseum.org.uk |access-date=12 October 2021 |page=3 |format=PDF}} In 1989, the hospital treated 13,538 outpatients and 5,652 inpatients. This represented a split of 70% civilian and 30% service personnel.
A closure programme was announced in 1990, with Ely due to go two years later.{{sfn|Mackie|2001|p=324}} The site was closed by the RAF in July 1992, but was taken over as an NHS hospital by the local trust as a community hospital.{{cite news |last1=Elworthy |first1=John |title=Ambitious timescale for hospital expansion |url=https://www.elystandard.co.uk/news/health/trust-unveils-its-dream-for-ely-hospital-7323816 |access-date=12 September 2021 |work=Ely Standard |date=13 February 2021}} Tower hospital in Ely closed in 1993, and all functions were transferred to the Princess of Wales site.{{cite web |title=Archives A to Z - H to I |url=https://www.cambridgeshire.gov.uk/residents/libraries-leisure-culture/archives/archives-a-to-z/archives-a-to-z-h-to-i |website=Cambridgeshire County Council |access-date=12 September 2021}} In the 2010s, the hospital was serving 40,000 patients per year.{{cite news |title=RAF cadets chip in to bring lost Ely hospital sign back |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cambridgeshire-48202397 |access-date=12 September 2021 |work=BBC News |date=11 May 2019}}
Badge
Many RAF hospitals were opened in the Second World War period, due to its location in East Anglia near to the RAF bases of Brampton, Coltishall, Honington, Marham, Swanton Morley, West Raynham, Wattisham, and Wyton,{{cite book |last1=Laming |first1=Tim |title=The Royal Air Force manual : the aircraft, equipment and organization of the RAF |date=1994 |publisher=Arms and Armour |location=London |isbn=1854091905 |pages=91–138}} it stayed open until 1992, (though the RAF hospitals at Halton and Wroughton survived it).{{cite book |last1=Laming |first1=Tim |title=The Royal Air Force manual : the aircraft, equipment and organization of the RAF |date=1994 |publisher=Arms and Armour |location=London |isbn=1854091905 |page=89}} As such, it was awarded a badge; which displayed a red cross with three Ducal crowns - the red cross denoted the medical help, and the crowns were adopted from the arms of the See of Ely.{{cite web |title=Ely Hospital {{!}} RAF Heraldry Trust |url=http://www.rafht.co.uk/index.php/2016/06/24/ely-hospital/ |website=rafht.co.uk |access-date=12 September 2021}}
The motto of the hospital was Save.{{cite book |last1=Pine |first1=L G |title=A Dictionary of mottoes |date=1983 |publisher=Routledge & K. Paul |location=London |isbn=0-7100-9339-X |page=205}}
Notable personnel
{{div col|colwidth=40em}}
- James Baird, was commanding officer at the hospital in the late 1980s
- Helen Cargill, RAF matron-in-chief, worked at RAFH Ely in the 1940s{{sfn|Mackie|2001|p=179}}
- James Coward, patient in 1940{{cite book |last1=Bowman |first1=Martin W. |title=Voices in flight : the night air war |date=2015 |publisher=Pen and Sword |location=Bransley, South Yorkshire |isbn=9781783831913 |page=60}}
- Nick de Bois, born at the hospital in 1962{{cite news |title=Election 2010: Nick De Bois, Conservative candidate for Enfield North |url=https://www.enfieldindependent.co.uk/news/8109566.election-2010-nick-de-bois-conservative-candidate-for-enfield-north/ |access-date=14 October 2021 |work=Enfield Independent |date=20 August 2010}}
- Geoffrey Dhenin, commanding officer from 1963 to 1966{{cite news |editor-last1=Harding |editor-first1=James |editor-link=James Harding (journalist)|title=Air Marshal Sir Geoffrey Dhenin - RAF flying doctor who piloted a jet bomber through the mushroom cloud during Britain's atom bomb tests in Australia in 1953 |work=The Times |issue=70,275 |date=2 June 2011 |page=52|issn=0140-0460}}
- Jimmy Edwards, treated for burns at RAFH Ely{{cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=Alan W. |title=Air battle for Arnhem |date=2012 |publisher=Pen and Sword Aviation |location=Barnsley |isbn=978-1-78159-108-6 |page=107}}
- Robert Gordon, member of the groundcrew on No. 9 Squadron RAF, died in the hospital at Ely from pulmonary tuberculosis in 1940{{cite web |title=GORDON, ROBERT HENRY |url=https://losses.internationalbcc.co.uk/loss/210747 |website=losses.internationalbcc.co.uk |access-date=28 October 2021}}
- Eric Lomax, treated after his return from the Far East{{cite book |last1=Lomax |first1=Eric |title=The railway man : a POW's searing account of war, brutality and forgiveness |date=2012 |publisher=Norton |location=New York |isbn=978-0-393-34407-3 |page=244}}
- George Henry Morley, burns and plastic surgeon specialist{{cite web |title=Morley, George Henry (1907 - 1971) |url=https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/lives/search/detailnonmodal/ent:$002f$002fSD_ASSET$002f0$002fSD_ASSET:378138/one?qu=%22rcs%3A+E005955%22&rt=false%7C%7C%7CIDENTIFIER%7C%7C%7CResource+Identifier&h=0 |website=livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk |access-date=12 September 2021}}
- Gordon Turnbull, psychiatrist who debriefed John McCarthy, Terry Waite and Jackie Mann after being hostages, trained at Ely{{cite book |last1=Turnbull |first1=Gordon |title=Trauma : from Lockerbie to 7/7 : how trauma affects our minds and how we fight back |date=2012 |publisher=Corgi |location=London |isbn=0552158399 |page=380}}
- Robert Wright, radar operator who was badly burnt in a Mosquito crash in November 1944{{cite book |last1=Bishop |first1=Edward |title=The Daily Telegraph book of airmen's obituaries |date=2002 |publisher=Grub Street |location=London |isbn=1902304993 |page=213}}
{{div col end}}
References
{{reflist}}
=Sources=
- {{cite book |last1=Mackie |first1=Mary |title=Sky wards : a history of the Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service |date=2001 |publisher=Robert Hale |location=London |isbn=0-7090-6976-6}}
- {{cite book |last1=Rexford-Welch |first1=Samuel Cuthbert |title=Royal Air Force Medical Services |date=1954 |publisher=HMSO |location=London |oclc=1072173557}}
External links
- [https://abpic.co.uk/pictures/location/RAF%20Ely%20Hospital Images of the gate guardians at RAF Ely]
{{Royal Air Force hospitals}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ely, RAF Hospital}}
Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1940
Category:Royal Air Force stations in Cambridgeshire
Category:Military units and formations established in 1940
Category:1940 establishments in England
Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1992
Category:Defunct hospitals in England
Category:Hospitals in Cambridgeshire