RAF Steeple Morden

Between 1940 and September 1942, Steeple Morden was a grass satellite dispersal airfield{{Harvnb|Freeman|2001|p=209.}} used by No. 11 Operational Training Unit of RAF Bomber Command flying Vickers Wellingtons from RAF Bassingbourn.{{cite web|url=http://www.controltowers.co.uk/S/Steeple_Morden.htm |title=RAF Steeple Morden airfield |publisher=Control Towers|access-date=21 February 2013}}

During this time No. 3 (Coastal) Operational Training Unit RAF (OTU) also used the airfield.{{cite web|url=http://www.abct.org.uk/airfields/steeple-morden |title=Steeple Morden |publisher=Airfields of Britain Conservation Trust|access-date=20 February 2013}}

When the airfield was turned over for American use, Steeple Morden was assigned USAAF designation Station 122. Hard-surface runways were laid down, along with concrete hardstands and a permanent T-2 hangar.

Although not planned for use until 1943 Steeple Morden was first used by the United States Army Air Forces Eighth Air Force 3d Photographic Reconnaissance Group, arriving from RAF Membury on 16 October 1942. The 3d consisted of the 5th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th and 23d squadrons and only stayed at the airfield until 10 December, departing for La Senia Algeria as part of Operation Torch.{{Harvnb|Maurer|1980|p=33.}}{{Harvnb|Maurer|1980|p=34.}}

During the stay of the 3d PRG, Lieutenant-Colonel Elliott Roosevelt, son of Franklin D. Roosevelt served as commander and also flew an F-4 "Lightning".

Between January 1943 and May 1943 the airfield was used by No. 17 OTU which used Bristol Blenheims.

With the departure of the photo-recon squadrons, the 355th Fighter Group, arrived from Philadelphia Municipal Airport on 9 July 1943.{{Harvnb|Maurer|1980|p=237.}} The group was under the command of the 65th Fighter Wing of the VIII Fighter Command. Aircraft of the group were identified by white around their cowling and tail.{{cite web|title=355th Fighter Group|url=http://mighty8thaf.preller.us/php/1Unit.php?Unitkey=355|publisher=Mighty 8th Cross-Reference|access-date=21 February 2013}}

The group consisted of the following squadrons:

• 354th Fighter Squadron (WR)
• 357th Fighter Squadron (OS)
• 358th Fighter Squadron (YF)

The 355th FG flew its first combat mission, a fighter sweep over Belgium, on 14 September 1943 and afterwards served primarily as escort for Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress/Consolidated B-24 Liberator bombers that attacked industrial areas of Berlin, marshalling yards at Karlsruhe, an airfield at Neuberg, oil refineries at Misburg, synthetic oil plants at Gelsenkirchen, locks at Minden, and other objectives. The group also flew fighter sweeps, area patrols, and bombing missions, striking such targets as air parks, locomotives, bridges, radio stations, and armoured cars.{{Harvnb|Maurer|1980|p=236.}}

On 5 April 1944, shortly after converting from Republic P-47 Thunderbolts to North American P-51 Mustangs, the group successfully bombed and strafed German airfields during a snow squall, a mission for which the group was awarded a Distinguished Unit Citation.

The group provided fighter cover for Allied forces landing in Normandy on 6 June 1944, and afterwards hit transportation facilities to cut enemy supply lines. Hit fuel dumps, locomotives, and other targets in support of ground forces during the breakthrough at Saint-Lô in July.

The 355th Fighter Group flew its last combat mission on 25 April 1945. On 3 July the group transferred to Gablingen, Germany for duty with United States Air Forces in Europe as part of the army of occupation. Transferred, without personnel and equipment, to Mitchel Field New York on 1 August 1946, and was inactivated on 20 November.

File:355th Fighter Group.jpg

File:355fg-p51b.jpg

The 4th Fighter Group transferred to Steeple Morden in July 1945 replacing the 355th FG. The unit stayed until November when it returned to Camp Kilmer New Jersey and was inactivated.{{Harvnb|Maurer|1980|p=36.}}

The group consisted of the following squadrons:{{cite web|title=4th Fighter Group|url=http://mighty8thaf.preller.us/php/1Unit.php?Unitkey=4|publisher=Mighty 8th Cross-Reference|access-date=21 February 2013}}

• 334th Fighter Squadron (QP), former ES71 (XR)
• 335th Fighter Squadron (WD), former ES121 (AV)
• 336th Fighter Squadron (VF), former ES133 (MD)

With the departure of the Americans, Steeple Morden was transferred to RAF Fighter Command on 1 November 1945 and then was closed down on 1 September 1946 and abandoned. It was sold to private interests between 1960 and 1961 and was largely returned to agriculture.

With the end of military control, Steeple Morden was returned to agricultural use. The former airfield is virtually unrecognizable. A few single-width concrete farm roads, which are remnants of the perimeter track and runways are all that remains.{{Harvnb|Freeman|2001|p=211.}}

{{Portal|United Kingdom|Aviation}}

• List of former Royal Air Force stations

{{Air Force Historical Research Agency}}

{{Reflist}}

• {{wikicite|ref={{harvid|Freeman|2001}}|reference=Freeman, R. Airfields of the Eighth - Then and Now. After the Battle. London, UK: Battle of Britain International Ltd., 2001. {{ISBN|0-9009-13-09-6}}.}}
• {{wikicite|ref={{harvid|Maurer|1980}}|reference=Maurer, M. Air Force Combat Units of World War II. USAF Historical Division. Washington D.C., USA: Zenger Publishing Co., Inc, 1980. {{ISBN|0-89201-092-4}}.}}
• {{wikicite|ref={{harvid|Wells|1993}}|reference=Wells, K A Village Airfield at War . UK: Egon Publishers Ltd, 1993. {{ISBN|9780905858876}}.}}

{{Commons category|RAF Steeple Morden}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20060822115113/http://www.web-birds.com/8th/355/355th.htm 355th Fighter Group Website]
• [http://www.roll-of-honour.com/Cambridgeshire/SteepleMorden355thFighterGroup.html Steeple Morden War Memorial]
• [http://mighty8thaf.preller.us/php/1Loc.php?Base=Steeple%20Morden mighty8thaf.preller.us Steeple Morden]
• [http://www.littlefriends.co.uk/355thfg.php 355th Fighter Group on www.littlefriends.co.uk]
• [http://home.att.net/~jbaugher/usafserials.html USAAS-USAAC-USAAF-USAF Aircraft Serial Numbers--1908 to present]

{{Royal Air Force}}

{{USAAF 8th Air Force UK}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Steeple Morden}}

Category:Airfields of the VIII Fighter Command in the United Kingdom

Category:Royal Air Force stations in Cambridgeshire

Category:Royal Air Force stations of World War II in the United Kingdom