RabbitMQ

{{Short description|Open source message broker}}

{{third-party|date=May 2019}}

{{Infobox software

| name = RabbitMQ

| logo = RabbitMQ logo.svg

| screenshot =

| caption =

| developer = Broadcom

| latest release version = 4.1.1

| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2025|06|04}}

| repo = {{URL|https://github.com/rabbitmq}}

| programming language = Erlang

| operating system = Cross-platform

| genre = AMQP, message-oriented middleware

| license = Mozilla Public License

| website = {{URL|https://www.rabbitmq.com}}

}}

RabbitMQ is an open-source message-broker software (sometimes called message-oriented middleware) that originally implemented the Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) and has since been extended with a plug-in architecture to support Streaming Text Oriented Messaging Protocol (STOMP), MQ Telemetry Transport (MQTT), and other protocols.[https://www.rabbitmq.com/protocols.html Which protocols does RabbitMQ support?]

Written in Erlang, the RabbitMQ server is built on the Open Telecom Platform framework for clustering and failover. Client libraries to interface with the broker are available for all major programming languages. The source code is released under the Mozilla Public License.

Since November 2020, there are commercial offerings available of RabbitMQ, for support and enterprise features: "VMware RabbitMQ OVA", "VMware RabbitMQ" and "VMware RabbitMQ for Kubernetes" (different feature levels) {{cite web |title=VMware RabbitMQ |url=https://www.vmware.com/products/rabbitmq.html |access-date=5 May 2023}} Open-Source RabbitMQ is also packaged by Bitnami{{Cite web |title=RabbitMQ |url=https://bitnami.com/stack/rabbitmq |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=bitnami.com |language=en-US}} and commercially for VMware's Tanzu Application Service.

History

Originally developed by Rabbit Technologies Ltd. which started as a joint venture between LShift and CohesiveFT in 2007,{{Cite news |work= Press release |date= February 8, 2007 |title= Launch of RabbitMQ Open Source Enterprise Messaging |url= http://www.rabbitmq.com/resources/RabbitMQ_PressRelease_080207.pdf |access-date= October 23, 2013 }} RabbitMQ was acquired in April 2010 by SpringSource, a division of VMware.{{Cite news |work= Press release |date= April 13, 2010 |title= Rabbit Technologies announce acquisition by SpringSource |url=http://www.rabbitmq.com/news.html |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100418132113/http://www.rabbitmq.com/news.html |archive-date= April 18, 2010 |access-date= October 3, 2013 }} The project became part of Pivotal Software in May 2013.{{Cite news |work= Press release |date= May 14, 2010 |title= Proudly part of Pivotal |url=http://www.rabbitmq.com/news.html |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130602054940/http://www.rabbitmq.com/news.html |archive-date= June 2, 2013 |access-date= October 3, 2013 }} Which then got acquired back by VMware in December 2019.{{Cite web |title=VMware Completes Acquisition of Pivotal |url=https://news.vmware.com/releases/vmware-completes-acquisition-of-pivotal |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=VMware News and Stories |date=30 December 2019 |language=en}}

The project consists of:

  • The RabbitMQ exchange server
  • Gateways for AMQP, HTTP, STOMP, and MQTT protocols
  • AMQP client libraries for Java, .NET Framework and Erlang. (AMQP clients for other languages are available from other vendors.)
  • A plug-in platform for extensibility, with a predefined collection of supported plug-ins, including:
  • A "Shovel" plug-in that takes care of moving or copying (replicating) messages from one broker to another.
  • A "Federation" plug-in that enables efficient sharing of messages between brokers (at the exchange level).
  • A "Management" plug-in that enables monitoring and control of brokers and clusters of brokers.

Examples

This section gives sample programs written in Python (using the pika package) for sending and receiving messages using a queue.

=Sending=

The following code fragment establishes a connection, makes sure the recipient queue exists, then sends a message and finally closes the connection.

  1. !/usr/bin/env python3

import pika

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host="localhost"))

channel = connection.channel()

channel.queue_declare(queue="hello")

channel.basic_publish(exchange="", routing_key="hello", body="Hello World!")

print(" [x] Sent 'Hello World!'")

connection.close()

=Receiving=

Similarly, the following program receives messages from the queue and prints them on the screen:

(Note: This example does not [https://pika.readthedocs.io/en/stable/examples/blocking_consume.html acknowledge] receipt of the message.)

  1. !/usr/bin/env python3

import pika

def callback(ch, method, properties, body):

print(" [x] Received %r" % body)

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host="localhost"))

channel = connection.channel()

channel.queue_declare(queue="hello")

print(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press Ctrl+C")

channel.basic_consume(queue="hello", on_message_callback=callback)

channel.start_consuming()

End-of-support schedule

class="wikitable"

!Release{{Cite web |title=RabbitMQ Release Information |url=https://www.rabbitmq.com/release-information |access-date=2023-06-10 |website= |language=en-US}}

!Released

!Community Support

!Extended Commercial Support

!Latest

|4.1

|16 Apr 2025

| style="background: #41d693;" | Until The Next Release

| style="background: #41d693;" |Ends 31 Dec 2026

|4.1.1

(4 Jun 2025)

|4.0

|18 Sept 2024

| style="background: #f67e7e;" | Ended 15 Apr 2025

| style="background: #f8d02e;" |Ends 31 Mar 2026

|4.0.9

(14 Apr 2025)

|3.13

|22 Feb 2024

| style="background: #f67e7e;" |Ended 18 Sept 2024

| style="background: #f8d02e;" |Ends 31 Dec 2027

|3.13.7

(26 Aug 2024)

3.12

|01 Jun 2023

| style="background: #f67e7e;" |Ended 22 Feb 2024

| style="background: #f8d02e;" |Ends 30 Jun 2025

|3.12.14

(6 May 2024)

3.11

|26 Sep 2022

| style="background: #f67e7e;" |Ended 2 Jun 2023

| style="background: #f67e7e;" |Ended 30 Jun 2024

|3.11.28

(22 Dec 2023)

3.10

|3 May 2022

| style="background: #f67e7e;" |Ended 31 Jul 2023

| style="background: #f67e7e;" |Ended 31 Dec 2023

|3.10.25

(17 Jul 2023)

3.9

|23 Jul 2021

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 31 Jan 2023

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 31 Jul 2023

|3.9.29

3.8

|01 Oct 2019

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 31 Jul 2022

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 31 Jul 2022

|3.8.35

3.7

|28 Nov 2017

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 30 Sep 2020

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 30 Sep 2020

|3.7.28

3.6

|22 Dec 2015

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 31 May 2018

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 31 May 2018

|3.6.16

3.5

|11 Mar 2015

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 31 Oct 2016

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 31 Oct 2016

|3.5.8

3.4

|21 Oct 2014

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 31 Oct 2015

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 31 Oct 2015

|3.4.4

3.3

|02 Apr 2014

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 31 Mar 2015

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 31 Mar 2015

|3.3.5

3.2

|23 Oct 2013

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 31 Oct 2014

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 31 Oct 2014

|3.2.4

3.1

|1 May 2013

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 30 Apr 2014

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 30 Apr 2014

|3.1.5

3.0

|19 Nov 2012

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 30 Nov 2013

|style="background: #f67e7e;"|Ended 30 Nov 2013

|3.0.4

See also

{{Portal|Free and open-source software}}

References

{{Reflist}}

Further reading

  • {{cite web |date=2009-09-13 |author=Joern Barthel |title=Getting started with AMQP and RabbitMQ |publisher=InfoQ |url = http://www.infoq.com/articles/AMQP-RabbitMQ }}
  • {{cite web |date=2009-04-09 |author=Peter Cooper |title=RabbitMQ - A Fast, Reliable Queuing Option for Rubyists |publisher=RubyInside |url=http://www.rubyinside.com/rabbitmq-a-fast-reliable-queuing-option-for-rubyists-1681.html }}
  • {{cite conference |date=2008-09-25 |title=RabbitMQ: An Open Source Messaging Broker That Just Works |publisher=Google Tech Talks |url=http://google-ukdev.blogspot.com/2008/09/rabbitmq-tech-talk-at-google-london.html }}