Raoping Hakka

In Raoping County, Hakka is spoken in the north, including the towns of Shangshan, Shangrao, Raoyang, Jiucun, Jianrao, and Xinfeng, as well as some villages in Hanjiang Forest Farm. As of 2005, there are 190,000 Hakka speakers in Raoping County (19% of the county's population).{{sfn|Raoping County|2011|p=128}}

The distribution of Raoping Hakka in Taiwan is scattered. It is mainly spoken in Taoyuan City (Zhongli, Pingzhen, Xinwu, Guanyin, Bade), Hsinchu County (Zhubei, Qionglin), Miaoli County (Zhuolan), and Taichung City (Dongshi).{{sfn|HAC|2018}}{{sfn|HAC|2013|p=73}} In 2013, only 1.6% of Hakka people in Taiwan were reported to be able to communicate in the Raoping dialect.{{sfn|HAC|2013|p=73}}

Raoping Hakka has some phonological and lexical features that appear to come from contact with Teochew. Some nasalized vowels come from Teochew, such as {{lang|zh|鼻}} 'nose' {{IPA|/pʰĩ˧˥/}} (Teochew {{IPA|/pʰĩ˩/}}), {{lang|zh|好}} 'to like' {{IPA|/hãũ˥˧/}} (Teochew {{IPA|/hãũ˨˩˧/}}).{{sfn|Zhan|1992|pp=157–158}} Some characters that were pronounced with a {{lang|zh|溪}} initial ({{IPA|/kʰ/}}) in Middle Chinese but with {{IPA|/f/}} or {{IPA|/h/}} in the Meixian dialect are pronounced with {{IPA|/kʰ/}}, just like in Teochew, such as {{lang|zh|苦}} 'bitter' {{IPA|/kʰu˥˧/}} (Meixian {{IPA|/fu˧˩/}}, Teochew {{IPA|/kʰɔ˥˧/}}), {{lang|zh|去}} 'to go' {{IPA|/kʰiəu˥˧/}} (Meixian {{IPA|/hi˥˧/}}, Teochew {{IPA|/kʰɯ˨˩˧/}}).{{sfn|Zhan|1992|p=158}} There is also many shared lexical items with Teochew:{{sfn|Zhan|1992|p=158}}

In Taiwan, Raoping Hakka is in contact with other varieties of Hakka, notably Sixian and Hailu dialects. There are some phonological and morphological features that appear to originate in these surrounding varieties. For example, in Taoyuan near Sixian-speaking areas, the diminutive suffix is pronounced {{IPA|/e˧˩/}} as it is pronounced in Sixian, while in Hailu-dominant Hsinchu, the suffix is pronounced as the Hailu {{IPA|/ə˥/}}.{{sfn|Hsu|2005|p=77}}

• Taiwanese Hakka

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book |editor=Hakka Affairs Council |script-title=zh:101-102年度台灣客家民眾客語使用狀況 |date=November 2013 |publisher=Hakka Affairs Council |location=New Taipei |url=http://www.hakka.gov.tw/Hakka_CMS/File/Data/101-102年度台灣客家民眾客語使用狀況.pdf |access-date=25 August 2017 |language=zh |ref={{harvid|HAC|2013}}}}
• {{cite web |author=Hakka Affairs Council |title=Distribution and resurgence of the Hakka language |url=https://english.hakka.gov.tw/Content/Content?NodeID=676&PageID=40022&LanguageType=ENG |website=Hakka Affairs Council |location=New Taipei |access-date=14 August 2019 |language=en |date=16 July 2018|ref={{harvid|HAC|2018}}}}
• {{cite journal |last1=Hsu |first1=Kuei-jung |journal=臺灣語言與語文教育 |script-title=zh:台灣饒平客家話調查及其語言接觸現象 |script-journal=zh:臺灣語言與語文教育 |date=2005 |issue=6 |pages=64–80 |language=zh |doi=10.6759/TYYYYWCU.200512.0064}}
• {{cite book |editor=Local Gazetteer Editorial Committee of Raoping County |script-title=zh:饶平县志（1979～2005）|trans-title=Gazetteer of Raoping County (1979–2005) |date=2011 |publisher=Guangdong People's Publishing House |location=Guangzhou |isbn=978-7-218-07074-2 |language=zh |ref={{harvid|Raoping County|2011}}}}
• {{cite journal |last1=Zhan |first1=Bohui |script-title=zh:饒平上饒客家話語言特點說略 |journal=Studies in Chinese Linguistics |date=1992 |issue=10 |pages=153–158 |language=zh |url=http://www.cuhk.edu.hk/ics/clrc/scl_10/zhan.pdf}}

{{Sino-Tibetan languages}}

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{{Languages of Taiwan}}

Category:Hakka Chinese

Category:Languages of Taiwan

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