Rapicactus
{{Short description|Genus of cactus}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Rapicactus zaragozae.jpg
|image_caption = Rapicactus zaragosae
|taxon = Rapicactus
|authority = Buxb. & Oehme
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = See text.
| type_species = Rapicactus subterraneus
}}
Rapicactus is a genus of cactus in the tribe Cacteae, subfamily Cactoideae. It has been synonymized with Turbinicarpus but molecular phylogenetic studies have supported its monophyly and separation from that genus.
Taxonomy
The genus Rapicactus was proposed in 1942 by Buxbaum and Oehme. It was characterized by having thick roots with a constriction above forming a neck. However, most subsequent treatments sank the genus into a broadly circumscribed genus Turbinicarpus. The circumscription of Turbinicarpus has been described as "remarkably unstable", with species regularly transferred to other genera. The broad circumscription of Turbinicarpus was recognized as polyphyletic by Hunt in 2016. A phylogenetic study published in 2019 showed that a monophyletic Rapicactus was sister to Acharagma, separated from a monophyletic Turbinicarpus:
{{clade
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=Three species of other genera
|2={{clade
|1=Acharagma
|2=Rapicactus
}}
}}
|2=Species of other genera
}}
|2={{clade
|1=Species of other genera|state1=double
|2={{clade
|1=Kadenicarpus
|2={{clade
|1=Ariocarpus
|2=Turbinicarpus s.s.
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
=Species=
{{As of|2024|May}}, Plants of the World Online accepted four species:
| class="wikitable " | ||
| Image | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| 120px | Rapicactus beguinii (N.P.Taylor) Lüthy | NE. Mexico |
| 120px | Rapicactus booleanus (G.S.Hinton) D.Donati | Mexico (Nuevo León) |
| 120px | Rapicactus mandragora (Fric ex A.Berger) Buxb. & Oehme | Mexico (Durango, Coahuila, Nuevo León) |
| 120px | Rapicactus subterraneus (Backeb.) Buxb. & Oehme | Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí) |
| 120px | Rapicactus zaragosae (Glass & R.A.Foster) D.Donati | Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas) |
References
{{Reflist|refs=
{{IPNI |mode=cs2 |taxon=Rapicactus |authority= Buxb. & Oehme |id=295609-2 |access-date=2022-03-05}}
}}
{{taxonbar|from1=Q2131501}}
{{Cactus-stub}}