Rapoisi language
{{Short description|North Bougainville language}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Konua
| nativename = Rapoisi
| states = Papua New Guinea
| region = Bougainville
| speakers = 3,500
| date = 1998
| ref = e18
| familycolor = Papuan
| fam1 = North Bougainville
| iso3 = kyx
| glotto = rapo1238
| glottorefname = Rapoisi
}}
Konua, also known as Rapoisi, is a language spoken on Bougainville Island in Papua New Guinea.
Phonology
=Consonants=
| class="wikitable"
|+ Consonant phonemes !{{Diagonal split header|Manner|Place}}!!Bilabial!!Dento-Alveolar!!Velar!!Glottal |
| Stop
||{{IPA link|p}}||{{IPA link|t̪}}|||{{IPA link|k}}|||{{IPA link|ʔ}} |
|---|
| Fricative
|{{IPA link|β}}||{{IPA link|s}}|||{{IPA link|ɣ}}|||{{IPA link|h}} |
| Tap
| ||{{IPA link|ɾ}}|| colspan="2" | |
- /p/ is often pronounced as {{IPA blink|ɸ}} word initially
- /t̪/ does not occur before /i/
- /β ɾ ɣ/ have the allophones [{{IPA link|b}} {{IPA link|d}}~{{IPA link|l}} {{IPA link|g}}] respectively. The nasal allophones [{{IPA link|m}} {{IPA link|n}} {{IPA link|ŋ}}] occur utterance-initial.
=Vowels=
= Orthography =
Rapoisi is written in the Latin alphabet, with 14 letters.
| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |Letters !Uppercase |A |B |E |G |H |I |K |O |P |R |S |T |U | rowspan="2" |’ |
| Lowercase
|a |b |e |g |h |i |k |o |p |r |s |t |u |
|---|
| colspan="2" |IPA
|{{IPA link|ɑ}} |{{IPA link|β}} |{{IPA link|e}} |{{IPA link|ɣ}} |{{IPA link|h}} |{{IPA link|i}} |{{IPA link|k}} |{{IPA link|o}} |{{IPA link|p}} |{{IPA link|ɾ}} |{{IPA link|s}} |{{IPA link|t̪}} |{{IPA link|u}} |{{IPA link|ʔ}} |
Grammar
= Pronouns =
| class="wikitable"
! colspan="3" | !A !S !O !Poss. |
| rowspan="5" |1st Person
! rowspan="3" |Excl. !Singular | colspan="3" |aga , aru | -ai |
|---|
| Dual
| colspan="3" |ioka | -abi |
| Plural
| colspan="3" |ioka | -abi |
| rowspan="2" |Incl.
!Dual | colspan="3" |peka | -abi |
| Plural
| colspan="3" |bioga | -abi |
| rowspan="3" |2nd Person
! colspan="2" |Singular | colspan="3" |bira , biru | -ari |
| colspan="2" |Dual
| colspan="3" |mega | -abisi |
| colspan="2" |Plural
| colspan="3" |itarea | -abisi |
| rowspan="4" |3rd Person
! rowspan="2" |Singular !Gender 1 | colspan="3" |ita | -ara |
| Gender 2
| colspan="3" |ia | -ʔo |
| colspan="2" |Dual
| colspan="3" |siga | -ara |
| colspan="2" |Plural
| colspan="3" |pirio | -ara |
Vocabulary
The table below is a sample of words in Rapoisi:{{Cite web |title=The ASJP Database - Wordlist Rapoisi |url=https://asjp.clld.org/languages/RAPOISI |access-date=2024-10-09 |website=asjp.clld.org}}
| class="wikitable"
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Word ! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Meaning |
| aga, aru
|I |
| bira
|you |
| bioga, biru
|we |
| arei
|one |
| bo suku
|two |
| atari
|fish |
| kesu
|dog |
| utuo
|louse |
| evaita
|tree |
| hara
|leaf |
| kaparue
|skin |
| parakoa
|blood |
| reu
|bone |
| reruo
|horn |
| ubateo
|ear |
| otei
|eye |
| birao, iruba
|nose |
| asi
|tooth |
| ubiubi
|knee |
| akapio
|hand |
| aterariba
|liver |
| era
|drink |
| keke
|see |
| ubara
|hear |
| pi
|die |
| luilui
|come |
| isiro
|sun |
| bapi, uo
|water |
| aipo
|stone |
| uhi
|fire |
| ohopa
|path |
| hukihuki
|mountain |
| bogi
|night |
| ueibara
|new |
| ute
|name |
Further reading
- Müller, Adam. 1954. Grammatical notes on the Konua language. Posieux: Inst.
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Languages of Papua New Guinea}}
Category:Languages of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville
Category:North Bougainville languages
{{papuan-lang-stub}}