Ravinia Festival

{{Infobox music festival

| name = Ravinia Festival

| image = 20080706 Ravinia Festival.JPG

| caption = One of the entrances to Ravinia Festival

| coordinates = {{coord|42|9|29|N|87|46|37|W|region:US-IL_type:landmark|notes={{cite gnis |id= 416416 |name=Ravinia Park}} |display=inline,title}}

| years_active = 1904–present

| founders = Chicago and Milwaukee Electric Railroad

| dates =

| genre =

| website = {{URL|http://www.ravinia.org}}

| organizer =

}}

Ravinia Festival is a primarily outdoor music venue in Highland Park, Illinois.{{Cite web |last=Ravinia |title=About {{!}} Ravinia |url=https://www.ravinia.org/about |access-date=2025-03-07 |website=www.ravinia.org |language=en}} It hosts a series of outdoor concerts and performances every summer from June to September in a wide variety of musical genres from classical to pop. The first orchestra to perform at Ravinia Festival was the New York Philharmonic under Walter Damrosch on June 17, 1905, with the Chicago Tribune praising its "musical entertainment so satisfying in quality and so delightful in environment."{{cite web |title=125 Moments: 054 Ravinia Park |url=https://csosoundsandstories.org/125-moments-054-ravinia-park/ |website=CSO sounds and stories |access-date=5 July 2021 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301215953/https://csosoundsandstories.org/125-moments-054-ravinia-park/ |url-status=dead }} It has been the summer home of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO) since 1936.{{cite web |title=CSO at Ravinia |url=https://csosoundsandstories.org/category/cso-at-ravinia/ |website=CSO sounds and stories |access-date=5 July 2021}} Located in the Ravinia neighborhood, the venue operates on the grounds of the {{convert|36|acre|adj=on|abbr=on}} Ravinia Park, with a variety of outdoor and indoor performing arts facilities, including the architectural prairie style Martin Theater. The Ravinia Festival attracts about 600,000 listeners to some 120 to 150 events.

The Ravinia neighborhood, once an incorporated village before annexation in 1899, is actively maintained by the Ravinia Neighbors Association, who work to enhance and preserve Ravinia's architecture, history, and environment. The business district on Roger Williams Ave., within walking distance from the Ravinia Festival grounds, includes neighborhood service businesses and restaurants.{{Cite web |url=http://www.ravinianeighbors.org/business.html |title=Business District – Ravinia |access-date=2014-12-29 |archive-date=2015-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150112153311/http://www.ravinianeighbors.org/business.html |url-status=dead }} Ravinia takes its name from the numerous steep-sided ravines that slice the shoreline near Lake Michigan.{{cite web |last1=Miller |first1=Elliott |title=History of Ravinia |url=http://www.ravinianeighbors.org/ravinia-neighbors-association-blog/history-of-ravinia |website=Ravinia Neighbors Association |access-date=5 July 2021 |archive-date=9 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183240/http://www.ravinianeighbors.org/ravinia-neighbors-association-blog/history-of-ravinia |url-status=dead }}

Overview

In 1904, the A.C. Frost Company created Ravinia as an amusement park intended to lure riders to the fledgling Chicago and Milwaukee Electric Railroad.{{cite web |last1=Ebner |first1=Michael |title=Ravinia |url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1044.html |website=Encyclopedia |access-date=5 July 2021}} The amusement park had a baseball diamond, electric fountain and refectory or casino building with dining rooms and a dance floor. The prairie-style Martin Theatre (then called Ravinia Theatre) is the only building on the grounds that dates back to that original construction. When the park's existence became jeopardized following the railroad's bankruptcy, local residents (for the most part Chicago businessmen) formed a corporation in 1911 to purchase and operate the park. Music was a confirmed summer activity from then on, except for a brief hiatus during the Great Depression and the COVID-19 pandemic.{{Cite web|title=Ravinia Cancels 2020 Season Due to Covid Pandemic|url=https://www.ravinia.org/Page/CoronaVirus|date=May 1, 2020|website=Ravinia Festival|access-date=May 13, 2020|archive-date=April 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419114620/https://www.ravinia.org/Page/CoronaVirus|url-status=dead}}

File:Ravinia Festival Pavilion.jpg

The Ravinia Festival has been widely acclaimed throughout its history. In the 1920s, it was known as the summer opera capital of the world due to businessman Louis Eckstein, who booked all-opera seasons and artists from the Chicago Opera and New York Metropolitan Opera Companies.{{cite web |last1=Sawyers |first1=June |title=WITH SUMMER CAME OPERA AT RAVINIA PARK |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1988-07-03-8801120316-story.html |website=Chicago Tribune |date=3 July 1988 |access-date=5 July 2021}} By 1930, Ravinia had featured performers including Yvonne Gall, Edward Johnson, and Giovanni Martinelli. However, the high costs of opera performances ultimately led to financial ruin for Ravinia, and it closed for four years. In 1936, North Shore residents raised enough funds to attract the Chicago Symphony Orchestra who then made Ravinia its permanent summer residence.

In addition to symphony concerts, often with guest soloists, the venue hosts opera, jazz, blues, folk, rock, and popular music performances, plus ballet, drama, and educational programs which take place year-round. These educational programs serve around 75,000 people each year in Chicago area schools without a music program. The longest running program—Jazz Mentors and Scholars—assembles the best Chicago Public School musicians with city musicians to create a larger ensemble.{{cite web |title=Reach Teach Play®: Play Programs |url=https://www.ravinia.org/Page/RTP_Play |website=Ravinia |access-date=5 July 2021}}

Over the years, Ravinia Festival has hosted many famous artists. Recent artists who have performed at Ravinia include John Legend, Aretha Franklin, Bryan Ferry, Diana Ross, Maroon 5, Common, Carrie Underwood, The Beach Boys, Tony Bennett, Lady Gaga, Josh Groban, Dolly Parton, Sheryl Crow, Patti LaBelle, Andrew Bird, Darius Rucker, Mary J. Blige, Gladys Knight, James Taylor, Santana, Stevie Nicks, Patti LuPone, Smokey Robinson, Sting and John Mellencamp among others.{{Cite web|url=https://patch.com/illinois/highlandpark/2017-ravinia-schedule-announced|title = Full 2017 Ravinia Schedule Announced|date = 15 March 2017}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.ravinia.org/ShowHistory/2022|title = Ravinia Past Performances}}

In November 2023, The Ravinia Festival Association, organizer of North America's oldest outdoor music festival, filed a federal lawsuit against Ravinia Brewing Company for trademark infringement, alleging that the brewery's use of the name and imagery is misleading consumers into believing there is a relationship with the festival. The dispute escalated following the opening of a second brewery location and the rescinding of a prior agreement that the music festival now claims was violated. Ravinia Brewing Company responded, describing the lawsuit as "baseless and an embarrassment", emphasizing their willingness to coexist peacefully with the festival and defend their legal and moral right to their name. The legal battle centers on issues of brand confusion and the use of music-themed marketing, with the festival's complaint detailing multiple counts of trademark-related violations.

Performance venues

File:Martin Theater - Ravinia Festival - panoramio.jpg

The Pavilion is a 3,350-seat venue where the park's major music events and concerts—including Chicago Symphony Orchestra performances—are held.{{cite web |title=The Pavilion |url=https://www.ravinia.org/Page/Pavilion |website=Ravinia |access-date=5 July 2021}}
The Martin Theatre is an 850-seat indoor hall often used for chamber music, semi-staged opera performances, Martinis at the Martin cabaret series, and other shows.{{cite web |title=The Martin Theatre |url=https://www.ravinia.org/Page/MartinTheatre |website=Ravinia |access-date=5 July 2021}}
Bennett Gordon Hall is the 450-seat home of Ravinia's Steans Music Institute, the $10 BGH Classics Series, and also used for pre-concert discussions and preview concerts. Ravinia's Steans Music Institute is the Ravinia Festival's pre-professional summer conservatory program. Three programs comprise the Institute's summer season: the program for jazz; the program for piano and strings, and the program for singers.{{cite web |title=Bennett Gordon Hall |url=https://www.ravinia.org/Page/BennettGordon |website=Ravinia |access-date=5 July 2021}}
The Lawn is an expansive area for picnics during performances. Music is broadcast via a sound system and a large video screen is sometimes displayed.{{cite web |title=The Lawn |url=https://www.ravinia.org/Page/Lawn |website=Ravinia |access-date=5 July 2021}}{{cite web |title=Venues |url=https://www.ravinia.org/Page/Venues |website=Ravinia |access-date=5 July 2021}}

File:Ravinia Festival Lawn.jpg

Grounds

File:Ravinia Park Station.jpg]]

For most attendees, Ravinia is experienced on the 36 acre (150,000 m²) parkland and lawn.{{cite web |last1=Devore |first1=Sheryl |title=The U.S.'s oldest music festival, Ravinia, is back starting June 1 |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/ct-summer-north-ravinia-20180520-story.html |website=Chicago Tribune |date=13 May 2018 |access-date=5 July 2021}} Ravinia is one of the few concert venues in the country to allow full meals to be brought in and consumed at concerts, including allowing alcoholic beverages. Accordingly, most grocery stores and specialty restaurants in and around the Highland Park area offer ready-to-eat Ravinia picnics for purchase.{{cite web |title=Dining Options |url=https://www.ravinia.org/Page/DiningOptions |website=Ravinia |access-date=5 July 2021}}

Metra provides rail service to Ravinia Park on the Union Pacific North Line at a station outside the front gate with special stops before and after concerts. It is the last private train stop in Illinois. The noted British conductor Sir Thomas Beecham, who guest-conducted the CSO there in 1940, referred to Ravinia as "the only railway station with a resident orchestra."{{cite web|last1=Oestreich|first1=James|title=Ravinia Festival: Where the Trains Have a Voice in the Concerts|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/06/arts/06OEST.html?pagewanted=all|website=New York Times| date=May 6, 2001 | access-date=14 July 2016}} Visitors get dropped off and picked up right at the front gate.

Artistic directors and leadership

Walter Hendl, Artistic Director (1959–1963)
Seiji Ozawa, Music Director (1964–1968)
and principal conductor (1969)
Edward Gordon, Executive Director (1968–1989)
István Kertész, Principal Conductor (1970–1972)
James Levine, Music Director (1973–1993)°

Zarin Mehta, Executive Director, President & CEO (1990–2000)
Christoph Eschenbach, Music Director (1995–2003)
James Conlon, Music Director (2005–2015)[http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/music/vonrhein/ct-james-conlon-ravinia-festival-chicago-symphony-20150721-column.html James Conlon moves beyond Ravinia for new beginning – Chicago Tribune]
Ramsey Lewis, Artistic Director, Jazz at Ravinia (1992–2022)
Welz Kauffman, President & CEO (2000–2020)
Marin Alsop, Artistic Curator (2018–2019) and Chief Conductor and Curator (2020–present){{cite web |title=Marin Alsop |url=https://www.ravinia.org/Page/MarinAlsop |website=Ravinia |access-date=5 July 2021}}
Jeffrey P. Haydon, President & CEO (2020–present){{Cite web|date=10 July 2020|title=Ravinia Festival Names Jeffrey P. Haydon President and CEO|url=https://s3.amazonaws.com/content.ravinia.org/pdfs/2020-Ravinia-Hires-Haydon-with-bio.pdf|access-date=16 July 2020|website=Ravinia Festival}}{{col-end}}

° Levine was named "Conductor Laureate" in April 2017, to begin performances in summer 2018.{{cite news| url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/music/vonrhein/ct-ravinia-creates-conductor-laureate-title-for-james-levine-20170411-column.html| title=Ravinia creates conductor laureate title for James Levine| first=John von| last=Rhein| date=April 11, 2017| newspaper=Chicago Tribune| access-date=December 3, 2017}} On December 4, 2017, the Ravinia Festival severed all ties with Levine, in the wake of sexual abuse allegations against him, dating back to decades earlier at the Ravinia Festival.[http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/music/vonrhein/ct-ent-levine-cso-statement-1206-story.html "Ravinia Festival cuts all ties with former music director James Levine over sexual misconduct allegations,"] Chicago Tribune.