Raymond–Céstan syndrome
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| synonym = upper dorsal pontine syndrome,
| image = Circle of Willis en.svg
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| caption = Basillar artery runs down the middle(in above image) and blockage is cause of this condition. Diagram of the arterial circulation at the base of the brain (inferior view).
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| diagnosis = Cect/ncct brain, mri brain
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Raymond–Céstan syndrome is caused by blockage of the long circumferential branches of the basilar artery.{{cite web | url=https://archive.today/20140726034142/http://www.clineu-journal.com/article/S0303-8467(07)00181-3/abstract | title=Raymond–Cestan syndrome in pontine ischemia - Clinical Neurology and … }} It was described by Fulgence Raymond and Étienne Jacques Marie Raymond Céstan.{{Cite web | url=http://www.whonamedit.com/synd.cfm/618.html | title=Céstan-Chenais syndrome | access-date=2014-07-20 | archive-date=2014-07-27 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727091407/http://www.whonamedit.com/synd.cfm/618.html | url-status=live }} Along with other related syndromes such as Millard–Gubler syndrome, Foville's syndrome, and Weber's syndrome, the description was instrumental in establishing important principles in brain-stem localization.{{cite journal | last=Silverman | first=Isaac E. | title=The Crossed Paralyses: The Original Brain-Stem Syndromes of Millard-Gubler, Foville, Weber, and Raymond-Cestan | journal=Archives of Neurology | volume=52 | issue=6 | date=1995-06-01 | pages=635–638 | issn=0003-9942 | doi=10.1001/archneur.1995.00540300117021 | pmid=7763214 }}
Presentation
- Ipsilateral ataxia and coarse intention tremor (damage to superior and middle cerebellar peduncle)
- Ipsilateral paralysis of muscles of mastication and sensory loss in face (damage to sensory and motor nuclei and tracts of CN V)
- Contralateral loss of sensory modalities in the body (damage to spinothalamic tract and medial lemniscus)
- Contralateral hemiparesis of face and body (damage to corticospinal tract) may occur with ventral extension of lesion
- Horizontal gaze palsy may occur (as in lower dorsal pontine syndrome)
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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References
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Further reading
- {{cite journal|last1=Kim|first1=JS|last2=Lee|first2=JH|last3=Im|first3=JH|last4=Lee|first4=MC|title=Syndromes of pontine base infarction. A clinical-radiological correlation study.|journal=Stroke: A Journal of Cerebral Circulation|date=Jun 1995 |volume=26|issue=6|pages=950–5|doi=10.1161/01.STR.26.6.950|pmid=7762044}}
- {{cite journal|last1=Krasnianski|first1=M|last2=Neudecker|first2=S|last3=Zierz|first3=S|title=[Classical crossed pontine syndromes].|journal=Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie |date=Aug 2004 |volume=72|issue=8|pages=460–8|pmid=15305240|language=German|doi=10.1055/s-2004-818392|s2cid=144167622}}
{{Cerebrovascular diseases}}
{{Lesions of spinal cord and brainstem}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Raymond-Cestan syndrome}}