Red Sonja#Film adaptations

Red Sonja was created by writer Roy Thomas and artist Barry Windsor-Smith for Marvel Comics in 1973, partially based on Red Sonya, a female swashbuckler from "The Shadow of the Vulture".Afterword by Roy Thomas, in The Chronicles of Conan Volume 4: The Song of Red Sonja and Other Stories (Dark Horse, 2004)

Red Sonja debuted in Marvel's Conan the Barbarian #23 (1973).{{cite web|last=Markstein|first=Don|website=Don Markstein's Toonopedia|access-date=2 April 2020|url=http://www.toonopedia.com/redsonja.htm|title=Red Sonja}} Thomas created a new origin story and transposed the timeline from the 16th century of Howard's original Red Sonya to the Hyborian Age, another Howard creation, to have Sonja interact with Conan the Barbarian. In 1975, Marvel Comics published the first issue of Red Sonja after the character headlined Marvel Feature for seven issues that same year, that has been re-printed in The Adventures of Red Sonja Marvel Omnibus (2023){{cite journal|last=Cassell|first=Dewey|title=Marvel Feature|journal=Back Issue!|issue=71|page=18|publisher=TwoMorrows Publishing|date=April 2014|location=Raleigh, North Carolina}}{{cite web|url=http://www.redsonja.com/history/|title=History|website=Red Sonja|access-date=21 March 2018|archive-date=26 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026074342/http://www.redsonja.com/history|url-status=dead}}

Red Sonja's origin story was told in the story "The Day of the Sword" in the Marvel magazine Kull and the Barbarians #3 (1975), written by Roy Thomas and Doug Moench and illustrated by Howard Chaykin. The same story was later redrawn by Dick Giordano and Terry Austin and published in the magazine The Savage Sword of Conan #78 (July 1982). In this version, Red Sonja lives with her family in the Western Hyrkanian steppes. When she is 21, a group of mercenaries kills her family and burns down their house. Sonja attempts to defend herself, but cannot lift her brother's sword. She is raped by the leader of the group. Answering her cry for revenge, the red goddess Scáthach appears to her and gives her incredible fighting skills, on the condition that she never lie with a man unless he defeats her in fair combat. In the story "Sword of the She-Devil" Marvel Team-Up #79 (December 1979), Red Sonja is reborn in the present-day of Earth-616 when her sword is found by her descendant/reincarnation Mary Jane "MJ" Watson (love interest of Peter Parker / Spider-Man.

In 1983, Marvel Comics published a second Red Sonja series, a two-issue story written by Christy Marx and Roy Thomas, with art by Tony DeZuniga and Ernie Colón. The story also featured an appearance by the Robert E. Howard heroine Valeria.

That same year, Marvel launched a third series, running thirteen issues. Writers included Tom DeFalco, Bill Mantlo, and Louise Simonson, with art by Mary Wilshire, Pat Broderick, and Rudy Nebres, among others.

In 1985, Marvel published a two-issue adaptation of the Red Sonja film starring Brigitte Nielsen. The adaptation was written by Louise Simonson and Mary Wilshire, with art by Mary Wilshire and Vince Colletta.

In 1995, Marvel published the one-shot issue Red Sonja: Scavenger Hunt, written by Glenn Herdling and illustrated by Ken Lashley.{{cite web|title=Red Sonja Scavenger Hunt (1995) comic books|url=https://www.mycomicshop.com/search?TID=92811|access-date=July 7, 2021|website=mycomicshop.com}}

In 2007, Marvel teamed with Dynamite Comics to publish Spider-Man/Red Sonja, a five-issue series written by Michael Avon Oeming with art by Mel Rubi, in which Mary Jane "MJ" Watson again awakens as Red Sonja.

In 2005, Dynamite Comics began publishing Red Sonja. The series debuted with an issue zero written by Michael Avon Oeming and Mike Carey and drawn by Mel Rubi.{{cite web|url=https://comicbookroundup.com/comic-books/reviews/dynamite-entertainment/red-sonja-she-devil-with-a-sword/0|publisher=Comic Book Roundup|title=Red Sonja: She-devil with a Sword #0|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=April 2005|access-date=July 19, 2023|archive-date=July 20, 2023|archive-url=https://archive.today/20230720023316/https://comicbookroundup.com/comic-books/reviews/dynamite-entertainment/red-sonja-she-devil-with-a-sword/0}} It depicted the original Sonja's death in issue #34. A new character of the same name, described as a reincarnation, takes her place from issue #35 onward.Reed, Brian. Red Sonja: Born Again. Dynamite Comics, 2010.

At the 2013 Emerald City Comic Con, Dynamite announced that Gail Simone would be writing a new ongoing Red Sonja series with art from Walter Geovani.{{cite web|url=https://comicvine.gamespot.com/articles/eccc-13-gail-simone-to-write-new-red-sonja-ongoing/1100-146141/|title=ECCC 13: Gail Simone to Write New RED SONJA Ongoing Series|author=Guerrero, Tony|work=Comic Vine|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=March 1, 2013|access-date=July 19, 2023|archive-date=May 2, 2016|archive-url=https://archive.today/20160502213559/http://comicvine.gamespot.com/articles/eccc-13-gail-simone-to-write-new-red-sonja-ongoing/1100-146141/}} Simone noted in interviews that her version was slightly "rebooted", showing the character's beginnings.{{cite web|url=http://www.icv2.com/articles/news/25781.html|title=ICv2: Gail Simone on Her New 'Red Sonja' Series|work=ICv2}} Issue #1 of Simone's run was released in July 2013 to positive reviews.{{cite web|url=http://www.comicvine.com/articles/early-review-gail-simone-s-red-sonja-1/1100-146593/|title=Early Review: Gail Simone's Red Sonja #1|work=Comic Vine|date=20 May 2013}} The series lasted 18 issues.{{cite web|url=https://ladygeekgirl.wordpress.com/2015/10/01/a-fond-farewell-to-gail-simones-red-sonja/|title=A Fond Farewell to Gail Simone's Red Sonja|work=Lady Geek Girl and Friends|date=October 2015}} After Simone's run, Dynamite launched a new Red Sonja series in January 2016. The book featured Marguerite Bennett as writer, and a redesign of the character by artist Nicola Scott.{{Cite web|last= MacDonald|first=Heidi|title=New Era: Red Sonja, Vampirella and Dejah Thoris get skirts, sleeves, hoods|url=https://www.comicsbeat.com/new-era-red-sonja-vampirella-and-dejah-thoris-get-skirts-sleeves-hoods/|date=October 9, 2015|access-date=May 17, 2023|website=Comics Beat|language=en-US}} That series lasted six issues.{{cite web|url=https://comicbookroundup.com/comic-books/reviews/dynamite-entertainment/red-sonja-(2016)|title=Red Sonja (2016)|publisher=Comic Book Round Up|date=June 2016|access-date=October 5, 2021|archive-date=July 13, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160713233910/https://comicbookroundup.com/comic-books/reviews/dynamite-entertainment/red-sonja-(2016)}}

In December 2017, a new Red Sonja comic series debuted with a zero issue priced at 25 cents by writer Amy Chu with art by Carlos Gomez.{{cite web|author=Johnston, Rich|url=https://www.bleedingcool.com/2016/09/01/red-sonja-back-in-the-bikini-chainmail-as-amy-chu-launches-series-dynamite-with-carlos-gomez-for-december/|title=Red Sonja Back In The Bikini Chainmail As Amy Chu Launches New Series With Carlos Gomez For December|work=Bleeding Cool|date=September 1, 2016|access-date=January 19, 2021|archive-date=September 2, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902145726/https://www.bleedingcool.com/2016/09/01/red-sonja-back-in-the-bikini-chainmail-as-amy-chu-launches-series-dynamite-with-carlos-gomez-for-december/}} The series ran for 25 issues, ending in 2019.{{cite web|url=https://comicbookroundup.com/comic-books/reviews/dynamite-entertainment/red-sonja-(2017)|title=RED SONJA (2017)|publisher=Comic Book Round Up|access-date=January 19, 2021|archive-date=February 8, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208214932/https://comicbookroundup.com/comic-books/reviews/dynamite-entertainment/red-sonja-(2017)}}

In November 2019, a new series by writer Mark Russell and art by Mirko Colak debuted to positive critical reception,{{cite web|url=https://aiptcomics.com/2019/08/29/mark-russells-acclaimed-red-sonja-run-gets-november-2019-release/|title=Mark Russell's acclaimed Red Sonja run gets November 2019 release|publisher=AIPT Comics|date=August 29, 2019|access-date=January 19, 2021|archive-date=September 20, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920042424/https://aiptcomics.com/2019/08/29/mark-russells-acclaimed-red-sonja-run-gets-november-2019-release/}}{{cite web|url=https://www.cbr.com/interview-creative-team-killing-red-sonja-end-icon/|publisher=CBR.com|author=Stone, Sam|title=Killing Red Sonja's Creative Team Is Ready to End the Icon|date=January 28, 2020|access-date=January 19, 2021|archive-date=January 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200129151535/https://www.cbr.com/interview-creative-team-killing-red-sonja-end-icon/}} leading into a spinoff series called Killing Red Sonja.{{Cite web|author=Arvedon, Jon|title=Killing Red Sonja Promises a 'Heartwarming' Tale of Magic and Murder|url=https://www.cbr.com/dynamite-killing-red-sonja-limited-series/|access-date=November 1, 2021|website=CBR.com|language=en-US|date=December 19, 2019|archive-date=December 20, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220170134/https://www.cbr.com/dynamite-killing-red-sonja-limited-series/}} Russell left the series after issue 24 and was replaced with writer Luke Lieberman, with art by Drew Moss.{{cite web|url=https://www.thepullbox.com/2020/12/rs25/|

publisher=ThePullBox.com|title=Red Sonja #25 explores past and future of the She-devil|date=December 21, 2020|access-date=January 19, 2021|archive-date=January 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119174038/https://www.thepullbox.com/2020/12/rs25/}} The series ran 28 issues.

In mid-2021, Dynamite released the anthology Red Sonja: Black, White, Red. Each issue presents stories by different teams of artists and writers, including Kurt Busiek, Benjamin Dewey, Amanda Deibert, Cat Staggs, Mark Russell, and Bob Q.{{cite web|author=Dohm-Sanchez, Jeffrey|title='Red Sonja' Series Gets the 'Black, White, Red' Treatment|url=https://icv2.com/articles/news/view/48166/red-sonja-series-gets-black-white-red-treatment|date=April 22, 2021|access-date=June 20, 2021|website=ICv2|language=en}} Also announced was a crossover with Project superpower. A sequel was released in November 2022 titled Vampirella vs. Red Sonja.{{Cite web|last=Collinson|first=Gary|date=2022-08-24|title=Vampirella vs Red Sonja limited series launching in November|url=https://www.flickeringmyth.com/2022/08/vampirella-vs-red-sonja-limited-series-launching-november/|access-date=2022-08-25|website=Flickering Myth|language=en-US}}

In February 2021, Dynamite released a series titled Sonjaversal, depicting Red Sonja meeting her multiversal counterparts.{{cite news|author=Lovett, Jamie|date=November 23, 2020|title=Dynamite To Launch Red Sonja Multiverse in Sonjaversal|publisher=ComicBook.com|url=https://comicbook.com/comics/news/red-sonja-sonjaverse-dynamite/|access-date=June 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123215556/https://comicbook.com/comics/news/red-sonja-sonjaverse-dynamite/|archive-date=November 23, 2020}} That same month, Amanda Conner and Jimmy Palmiotti co-wrote the series Invincible Red Sonja with artist Moritat.{{Cite web|author=Collinson, Gary|date=February 28, 2021|title=Dynamite announces The Invincible Red Sonja|url=https://www.flickeringmyth.com/2021/02/dynamite-announces-invincible-red-sonja/|access-date=September 15, 2021|website=Flickering Myth|language=en-US}}

In June 2021, the character appeared in Die!namite and Die!namite Lives.{{Cite web|author=Johnston, Rich|date=March 19, 2021|title=DIE-Namite Lives, The Long Night Event in Dynamite June 2021 Solicits|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/die-namite-lives-the-long-night-event-in-dynamite-june-2021-solicits/|access-date=October 30, 2021|website=Bleeding Cool|language=en}} That same month, Dynamite Entertainment announced that a new series written by Mirka Andolfo and drawn by Giuseppe Cafaro would debut in September 2021.{{cite web|url=https://www.flickeringmyth.com/2021/06/red-sonja-returning-for-new-series-this-september/|title=Red Sonja returning for new series this September|author=Collinson, Gary|publisher=Flickering Myth|date=June 25, 2021|access-date=June 30, 2021|archivedate=January 24, 2021|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/S6qND}} The first issue sold out its initial run of 32,000 copies, prompting a second printing.{{Cite web|author=Johnston|first=Rich|date=August 30, 2021|title=Mirka Andolfo's Red Sonja #1 Sells Out Of 32,000 Print Run|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/mirka-andolfo-red-sonja-1-sells-out-32000-print-run/|access-date=September 2, 2021|website=Bleeding Cool|language=en}}{{cite web|date=September 10, 2021|title=Mirka Andolfo's Red Sonja #1 Goes Back to Press|url=https://graphicpolicy.com/2021/09/10/mirka-andolfos-red-sonja-1-goes-back-to-press/|access-date=September 15, 2021|website=Graphic Policy|language=en-US}}

In December 2021, it was announced that Red Sonja would appear in the sequel to Die!namite and Die!namite Lives called Die!namite Never Dies.{{Cite web|publisher=First Comics News|title=Die!namite Lived, Now It Never Dies!|url=https://www.firstcomicsnews.com/dienamite-lived-now-it-never-dies/|language=en-US|date=December 16, 2021|access-date=January 11, 2022|archivedate=December 20, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211220070221/https://www.firstcomicsnews.com/dienamite-lived-now-it-never-dies/}}

Hell Sonja, a spinoff from Sonjaversal, was released in January 2022.{{Cite web|title=Red Sonja spinoff Hell Sonja launching in January|url=https://www.flickeringmyth.com/2021/10/red-sonja-spinoff-hell-sonja-launching-january/|language=en-US|website=Flickering Myth|date=October 25, 2021|access-date=March 15, 2022}} That same month, the Immortal Red Sonja series by writer Dan Abnett and artist Alessandro Miracolo was announced for April, which would depict Sonja in King Arthur's Camelot.{{Cite web|author=Johnston, Rich|title=Dan Abnett's Immortal Red Sonja #1 Brings Back Chain Mail Top|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/dan-abnetts-immortal-red-sonja-1-brings-back-chain-mail-top/|publisher=Bleeding Cool|language=en|date=January 20, 2022|access-date=January 22, 2022|archivedate=January 21, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121044714/https://bleedingcool.com/comics/dan-abnetts-immortal-red-sonja-1-brings-back-chain-mail-top/}} In February 2022, Dynamite announced that it would debut Red Sitha in May, set ten years after Andolfo's storyline, following Red Sonja's adopted daughter, Sitha.{{Cite web|author=Collinson, Gary|title=Dynamite announces new Red Sonja spinoff Red Sitha|url=https://www.flickeringmyth.com/2022/02/dynamite-announces-new-red-sonja-spinoff-red-sitha/|date=February 24, 2022|access-date=February 25, 2022|website=Flickering Myth|language=en-US|url-status=live|archivedate=February 25, 2022|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/hMElF}}

In March 2022, Dynamite announced another spinoff titled from Sonjaversal, Samurai Sonja, written by Jordan Clark with art by Pasquale Qualano.{{Cite web|last=Destito|first=Deanna|title=Syndicated Comics|url=https://www.comicsbeat.com/dynamite-new-red-sonja-samurai-sonja-1/|website=Comics Beat|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=March 14, 2022|accessdate=March 15, 2022|archivedate=March 15, 2022|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20220315193717/https://www.comicsbeat.com/dynamite-new-red-sonja-samurai-sonja-1/}} In August, a one-shot fairy tale reimagining Red Sonja as Jack from Jack and the Beanstalk was released.{{Cite web|last=Amaya|first=Erik|date=2022-05-19|title=Dynamite Plots 'Fairy Tales' Specials With Red Sonja, Dejah Thoris, and Vampirella This August|url=https://comicon.com/2022/05/19/dynamite-plots-fairy-tales-specials-with-red-sonja-dejah-thoris-and-vampirella-this-august/|access-date=2022-10-12|website=COMICON|language=en-US}} Unbreakable Red Sonja was released in October 2022,{{Cite web|last=Collinson|first=Gary|title=Red Sonja becomes Unbreakable this October|url=https://www.flickeringmyth.com/2022/07/red-sonja-becomes-unbreakable-this-october/|website=Flickering Myth|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=July 22, 2022|access-date=August 25, 2022|archivedate=August 25, 2022|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220825220842/https://www.flickeringmyth.com/2022/07/red-sonja-becomes-unbreakable-this-october/}} and the crossover series Hell Sonja/Red Sonja was released in December the same year.{{Cite web|last=Collinson|first=Gary|title=Sonjas collide this December with Red Sonja/Hell Sonja crossover|url=https://www.flickeringmyth.com/2022/09/sonjas-collide-december-with-red-sonja-hell-sonja-crossover/|website=Flickering Myth|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=September 29, 2022|access-date=April 11, 2023|archive-date=April 11, 2023|archive-url=https://archive.today/20230411140601/https://www.flickeringmyth.com/2022/09/sonjas-collide-december-with-red-sonja-hell-sonja-crossover/}}

In April 2023, Dynamite announced that it would debut the next ongoing Red Sonja series by writer Torunn Grønbekk and artist Walter Geovani in celebration of the character's 50th anniversary.{{Cite web|last=Amaya|first=Erik|title=Dynamite Announces New 'Red Sonja' Ongoing From Torunn Grønbekk And Walter Geovani To Celebrate Her 50th Anniversary|url=https://comicon.com/2023/04/10/dynamite-announces-new-red-sonja-ongoing-to-celebrate-her-50th-anniversary/|website=Comicon.com|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=April 10, 2023|access-date=April 11, 2023|archive-date=April 11, 2023|archive-url=https://archive.today/20230411140701/https://comicon.com/2023/04/10/dynamite-announces-new-red-sonja-ongoing-to-celebrate-her-50th-anniversary/}} The first issue, released in July, featured dozens of variant covers by artists including Jim Cheung, Bryan Hitch, Mike Mignola, Joseph Michael Linsner, Jenny Frison, Frank Cho, and Kevin Eastman.{{cite web|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/red-sonja-1-gargoyles-dark-age-1-in-dynamite-july-2023-solicits/|title=Red Sonja #1 & Gargoyles: Dark Age #1 in Dynamite July 2023 Solicits|author=Johnston, Rich|publisher=Bleeding Cool|language=en-GB|url-status=live|date=April 21, 2023|access-date=June 27, 2023|archive-date=June 27, 2023|archive-url=https://archive.today/20230627144747/https://bleedingcool.com/comics/red-sonja-1-gargoyles-dark-age-1-in-dynamite-july-2023-solicits/}}

Savage Red Sonja by Dan Panosian and Alessio Petillo was released in November 2023,{{Cite news|last=Destito|first=Deanna|date=2023-08-24|title=Preview: Dynamite shares a look at Savage Red Sonja #1|language=en-US|work=The Beat|url=https://www.comicsbeat.com/preview-dynamite-shares-a-look-at-savage-red-sonja-1/|access-date=2023-10-31}} followed by Red Sonja: Empire of the Damned by Steve Niles and Alessandro Amoruso in April 2024.{{Cite web|last=Comments|first=Rich Johnston {{!}} Last updated {{!}}|date=2024-01-25|title=Steve Niles Writes New Zombie Comic, Red Sonja: Empire Of The Damned|url=https://bleedingcool.com/comics/steve-niles-writes-new-zombie-comic-red-sonja-empire-of-the-damned/|access-date=2024-01-26|website=bleedingcool.com|language=en}} The sequel to Red Sonja: Birth of the She-devil called Red Sonja: Death and the Devil was released in September 2024.{{Cite web|last=Brooke|first=David|date=2024-06-20|title='Red Sonja: Death and the Devil' announced for September 2024 • AIPT|url=https://aiptcomics.com/2024/06/20/red-sonja-death-and-the-devil-september-2024/|access-date=2024-10-11|language=en-us}} An alternate reality version of the character will debut in Sonja Reborn, set for release in August 2025. The series, written by Christopher Priest, will follow British diplomatic clerk Maggie Sutherland, who is transported from the 21st century to the world of Hyboria.{{Cite web |last=Chiu-Tabet |first=Christopher |date=2025-05-20 |title=Syndicated Comics |url=https://www.comicsbeat.com/digest-052025/ |access-date=2025-05-26 |website=The Beat |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |date=May 16, 2025 |title=Sonja Reborn Debuts Christopher Priest's Deconstructionist Vision of the She-Devil This August! |url=https://www.dynamite.com/htmlfiles/pressrelshow.html?display=8a28474d-7732-f011-80c4-b083fed06a4f |access-date=2025-05-26 |website=www.dynamite.com}}

{{more citations needed section|date=October 2017}}

Most artists depict Red Sonja wearing a very brief "chainmail bikini" costume of scale armor, usually with boots and gauntlets. As originally drawn by Barry Windsor-Smith for "The Shadow of the Vulture" and "The Song of Red Sonja" in Conan the Barbarian issues 23 and 24 (1972), she wore a long-sleeved mail shirt and short pants of red silk.Conan the Barbarian #23 - 24 (November - December 1972). Marvel Comics.

As told by Roy Thomas in the introduction of Red Sonja Adventures Volume 1 (Dynamite Entertainment), Spanish artist Esteban Maroto submitted an uncommissioned illustration to him while Thomas was editing the magazine Savage Sword of Conan. The illustration featured a redesigned silver "metal bikini", which resembled fantasy costumes that other Maroto heroines sported in the 1970s. This illustration was printed for the first time in Jim Steranko's magazine Comixscene #5 in black and white. It was reprinted in Savage Sword of Conan #1, then in Marvel Treasury Edition #15 in color, and later restored and colored by José Villarrubia as an alternative cover for the Dynamite Entertainment edition of Red Sonja #2. Maroto drew her in this costume for a double page spread illustration in Savage Tales #3 and then for her first solo adventure in Savage Sword of Conan #1. John Buscema drew her in this costume in the same magazine and in issues 43, 44, and 48 of Conan the Barbarian (1974). Dick Giordano portrayed Sonja in the bikini for the first issue of Marvel Feature vol. 2 (Nov. 1975) before Frank Thorne took over from issue #2 (Jan. 1976).

In 2016, author Gail Simone indicated that Sonja was bisexual during her run.{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/GailSimone/status/751546828722573312|author=Simone, Gail|title=Untitled|date=July 8, 2016|access-date=June 30, 2020|publisher=Twitter|archive-date=March 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305151759/https://twitter.com/GailSimone/status/751546828722573312}} In 2020, the series Red Sonja: The Price of Blood by writer Luke Lieberman and artist Walter Geovani corroborated this, depicting Sonja as having slept with a woman.Red Sonja - The Price of Blood #1 (2020). Dynamite Entertainment. In 2024, Simone's novel Red Sonja: Consumed portrays the character as having both male and female lovers.{{Cite web|date=2024-11-19|title=Gail Simone almost didn't write Red Sonja. But her mom changed her mind.|url=https://www.ocregister.com/2024/11/19/gail-simone-almost-didnt-write-red-sonja-but-her-mom-changed-her-mind/|access-date=2024-12-03|website=Orange County Register|language=en-US}}

{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|

• Conan the Barbarian, (Marvel Comics) (1970–1993).
• Issue 48, "Episode!", Roy Thomas (w), John Buscema (p), Dick Giordano (i). (First solo story in color).
• Issue 78, "Curse of the Undead-Man", Roy Thomas (w), John Buscema (a), Pablo Marcos (i). (Reprint from Savage Sword of Conan Issue 1).
• Savage Sword of Conan, (Marvel Comics) (1974–1995).
• Issue 1, "Red Sonja" Roy Thomas (w), Esteban Maroto (p), Ernie Chan/Neal Adams (i). (First solo story in black and white. Also featured in the cover painted by Boris Vallejo).
• Issue 1, "Curse of the Undead-Man", Roy Thomas (w), John Buscema (a), Pablo Marcos (i).
• Issue 23, "Wizards of the Black Sun", Roy Thomas/Clair Noto (w), Frank Thorne (a). (Featured in the cover painted by Earl Norem)
• Issue 29, "The Wizard and Red Sonja Show", Frank Thorne (w/a).
• Issue 45, "Master of Shadows", Christy Marx (w), John Buscema (p), Tony DeZuniga (i).
• Issue 78, "The Day of the Sword", Roy Thomas/Doug Moench (w), Howard Chaykin (layouts) Dick Giordano/Terry Austin (a). (Origin re-drawn). (Reprint from Kull and the Barbarians Issue 3)
• Issue 83, "Red Sonja", Roy Thomas (w), Esteban Maroto (p), Ernie Chan/Neal Adams (i). (Reprint from Savage Sword of Conan Issue 1).
• Issue 157, "Infant Terrible", Bruce Jones (w/a).
• Issue 169, "The Endless Stair", Peter B. Gillis (w), Steven Carr (p), Armando Gil (i).
• Issue 172, "The Waif and the Warrior", Jim Valentino (w), Steven Carr (p), Josef Rubinstein (i).
• Issue 178, "Chains", Sue Flaxman (w), Gavin Curtis (p), Keith Williams (i).
• Issue 187, "Red Sonja Quells the Song of the Siren", Marie Javins/Steve Buccellato (w), Alfredo Alcala (a).
• Issue 192, "On the Road of Kings", Roy Thomas/Dann Thomas (w), Tony DeZuniga (a).
• Issue 194, "The Road to Zamboula", Roy Thomas (w), Tony DeZuniga (a).
• Issue 195, "Swordless in Zamboula", Roy Thomas (w), Tony DeZuniga (a).
• Issues 207–10, "The Road to Zanadu", Roy Thomas/Dann Thomas (w), Del Barras/Reggie Jones/ Kirk Etienne (a).
• Issue 229, "A Lady for the Burning", Roy Thomas (w), Howard Simpson (p), Rober Quijano (i).
• Issue 230–3, "The Ring of Ikribu" Roy Thomas (w), Esteban Maroto (a).
• Kull and the Barbarians (Marvel Comics) (1975).
• Issue 2, "She-Devil with a Sword" Roy Thomas (w), Howard Chaykin (a).
• Issue 3, "The Day of the Sword" Roy Thomas/Doug Moench (w), Howard Chaykin (a). (Origin story, first appearance of the Red Goddess. Also featured in the cover painted by Michael Whelan)
• A Marvel Super Special (Marvel Comics) (1978).
• Issue 9, "Day of the Red Judgement", Roy Thomas/ Christy Marx (w), Howard Chaykin (a). (Second appearance of the Red Goddess from origin story. Also featured in the cover painted by John Buscema)

}}

• With Spider-Man in Marvel Team-Up #79 (Marvel Comics) writer: Chris Claremont; artist: John Byrne
• With Spider-Man in Spider-Man/Red Sonja mini-series co-published by Dynamite Entertainment. The Spider-Man/Red Sonja TPB ({{ISBN|978-0-78-512744-4}}) collects Spider-Man/Red Sonja (2007) #1–5 (Oct. 2007 – Feb. 2008) and Marvel Team-Up (1972–1985 first series) #79 (March 1979).
• Wolverine in What if? Vol. 2, #16 (Marvel Comics) (Sonja is defeated by Wolverine and becomes his mate).
• Official Handbook of the Conan Universe #1 (Marvel Comics) (1986).
• Marvel Feature #4 was reprinted in the book The Superhero Women edited by Stan Lee. Red Sonja was featured among many of Marvel's female characters on the cover painted by John Romita, Sr.

{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|

• Conan the Barbarian, (Marvel Comics) (1970–1993).
• Issue 23, "The Shadow of the Vulture", Roy Thomas (w), Barry Windsor-Smith (a), John Buscema/Akins/Stone (i). (First appearance in a Conan comic publication).
• Issue 24, "Song of Red Sonja", Roy Thomas (w), Barry Windsor-Smith (a).
• Issue 43, "Tower of Blood", Roy Thomas (w), John Buscema/Ernie Chua (i).
• Issue 44, "The Fiend and the Flame", Roy Thomas (w), John Buscema/The Crusty Bunkers (a).
• Issue 67, "Talons of the Man-Tiger", Roy Thomas (w), John Buscema (i).
• Issue 68, "Of Once and Future Kings", Roy Thomas (w), John Buscema (i).
• Issue 115, "A War of Wizards", Roy Thomas (w), John Buscema/Ernie Chan (i).
• Issue 195, "Blood of Ages", James Owsley/Val Semeiks (w), Geof Isherwood (f).
• Issue 196, "The Beast", James Owsley/Val Semeiks (w), Geof Isherwood (f).
• Issue 197, "Stand", James Owsley/Val Semeiks (w), Geof Isherwood (f).
• Issue 198, "The River", James Owsley/Val Semeiks (w), Geof Isherwood (f).
• Issue 199, "Revelation in the Mists", James Owsley/Val Semeiks (w), Geof Isherwood (f).
• Issue 200, "The Fall of Acheron", James Owsley/Val Semeiks (w), Geof Isherwood(f).
• Issue 204, "Goblin", James Owsley/Val Semeiks (w), Vince Colletta (f).
• Issue 205, "Necropolis", James Owsley/Val Semeiks (w), Alfredo Alcala (f).
• Issue 241–3, "The Sorcerer and the She-Devil", Roy Thomas (w), Mike DeCarlo (i).
• Issue 244, "Fiends of the Flaming Mountain", Roy Thomas (w), Mike DeCarlo (i).
• Issue 245, "Empire of the Undead", Roy Thomas (w), Mike DeCarlo (i).
• Issue 246, "Chaos in Khoraja", Roy Thomas (w), Mike DeCarlo (i).
• Issue 247, "The Sword that Conquers All", Roy Thomas (w), Mike DeCarlo (i).
• Issue 248, "The Peril and the Prophecy", Roy Thomas (w), Talaoc/Ernie Chan (i).
• Issue 249, "Red Wind", Roy Thomas (w), Ernie Chan (i).
• Issue 250, "Chaos Beneath Kuthchemes", Roy Thomas (w), Ernie Chan (i).
• Conan the Barbarian Annual (Marvel Comics) (1987).
• Issue 12, "Legion of the Dead", James Owsley/Val Semeiks (w), Ernie Chan (a).
• Savage Sword of Conan, (Marvel Comics) (1974–1995).
• Issue 82, "Song of Red Sonja", Roy Thomas (w), Barry Windsor-Smith (a). (Reprint from Conan the Barbarian Issue 24).
• Issue 144, "The Waiting Doom", Charles Dixon (w), Ernie Chan (i).
• Issue 145, "Feast of the Stag", Charles Dixon (w), Geof Isherwood (f).
• Issue 153, "Phantasm", James Owsley (w), Luke McDonnell (p) Armando Gil (i).
• Issue 170, "Emerald Lust", Charles Dixon (w), Gary Kwapisz (i).
• Issue 179, "Fury of the Iron Damsels", Charles Dixon (w), Gary Kwapisz (i).
• Issue 223, "The Many Mirrors of Tuzun Thune", Roy Thomas (W), Mike Docherty (p) (Sequel to Ravagers Out of Time graphic novel)
• Issue 224, "Dragons of a World's Dawn", Roy Thomas (w), E.R. Cruz (i).
• Issue 226, "Of Kings and Cataclysms", Roy Thomas (w), E.R. Cruz (i); "Days of the World Ending", Roy Thomas (w), E.R. Cruz (i); "Back from the Time Abyss", Roy Thomas (w), E.R. Cruz (i).
• Issue 230, "Shall Python Fall?", Roy Thomas (w), E.R. Cruz (i).
• Issue 231, "A Remembrance of Fires Past", Roy Thomas (w), E.R. Cruz (i).
• Issue 232, "Reflections of Evil", Roy Thomas (w), E.R. Cruz (i).
• Issue 233, "Here Be Monsters", Roy Thomas (w), Geof Isherwood (i).

• Marvel Graphic Novels (1992).
• Conan – The Ravagers Out of Time, Roy Thomas (w), Alfredo Alcala (i).
• Conan the King (Marvel Comics) (1985).
• Issue 28, "Call of the Wild."
• Conan the Savage (Marvel Comics) (1996).
• Issue 9, "City Under Siege", Chuck Dixon (w).
• Sonja and Conan team-up in the crossover Conan/Red Sonja and again in Red Sonja/Conan.{{cite magazine|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/conan-red-sonja-meet-again-645104|title='Conan' and 'Red Sonja' to Meet Again in 2014|magazine=The Hollywood Reporter|last=McMillan|first=Graeme|date=October 8, 2013}}{{cite web|url=http://comicsalliance.com/gail-simone-jim-zub-dan-panosian-red-sonja-conan-crossover-preview/|title=An Evil So Great, It Can Only Be Stopped By Conan And Red Sonja (And Gail Simone, Jim Zub And Dan Panosian)|publisher=Comics Alliance|last=Sims|first=Chris|date=December 19, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324125749/http://comicsalliance.com/gail-simone-jim-zub-dan-panosian-red-sonja-conan-crossover-preview/|archive-date=March 24, 2015}}{{citation|url=https://www.darkhorse.com/Comics/25-317/Conan-Red-Sonja-1|title=Conan Red Sonja#1|publisher=Dark Horse Comics}}

}}

Sonja has been featured in several novels by David C. Smith and Richard L. Tierney with covers by Boris Vallejo:

• #1 The Ring of Ikribu (Ace 1981) (Adapted to comics by Roy Thomas and Esteban Maroto in The Savage Sword of Conan issues 230–3). Smith has written an unproduced screenplay based on this novel.
• #2 Demon Night (Ace 1982)
• #3 When Hell Laughs (Ace 1982)
• #4 Endithor's Daughter (Ace 1982)
• #5 Against the Prince of Hell (Ace 1983)
• #6 Star of Doom (Ace 1983)

In April 2023, Red Sonja, LLC, announced that an original Red Sonja novel written by Gail Simone would be published by Orbit Books in mid-2024 titled Red Sonja: Consumed.{{cite web|author=Codega, Linda|date=April 5, 2023|title=Gail Simone Will Pen an All-New Red Sonja Novel|url=https://www.gizmodo.com.au/2023/04/gail-simone-will-pen-an-all-new-red-sonja-novel/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406074030/https://www.gizmodo.com.au/2023/04/gail-simone-will-pen-an-all-new-red-sonja-novel/|archive-date=April 6, 2023|access-date=April 9, 2023|website=Gizmodo|language=en-AU}}{{Cite web|date=September 5, 2024|title=Red Sonja: Consumed by Gail Simone|url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/9780316475679|access-date=2024-10-07|website=www.publishersweekly.com}}

Red Sonja appears in a self-titled episode of Conan the Adventurer in 1998, portrayed by Angelica Bridges. Additionally, pro wrestler Sable had announced plans to portray the character in a solo series which was never produced.{{cite web|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/38500/sable-settles|title=Sable Settles|publisher=E! Online|last=Ryan|first=Joal|date=July 28, 1999}}

Red Sonja appears in the 2016 animated comic book adaptation Red Sonja: Queen of Plagues, voiced by Misty Lee.{{Cite web |last=Greenberger |first=Robert |date=2016-09-19 |title=REVIEW: Red Sonja: Queen of Plagues |url=https://comicmix.com/2016/09/19/review-red-sonja-queen-of-plagues/ |access-date=2025-05-15 |website=ComicMix |language=en-US}}

• Red Sonja appears in a self-titled film in 1985, portrayed by Brigitte Nielsen.
• Rose McGowan was intended to portray Sonja in a 2010 film, but these plans were abandoned after McGowan suffered injuries that permanently damaged her right arm.{{cite web|title=Rose McGowan demanded $5M to shave eyebrows in 'Conan'|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/rose-mcgowan-demanded-5m-to-shave-eyebrows-in-conan-1.685784|publisher=CTV News|date=August 19, 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306032219/http://www.ctv.ca/CTVNews/Entertainment/20110819/shaved-eyebrows-conan-rose-mcgowan-110819|archive-date=March 6, 2012}} In a February 2011 interview, film producer Avi Lerner stated that Simon West was hired to direct the film and also mentioned Amber Heard as McGowan's replacement.Williams, Owen. [http://www.empireonline.com/news/story.asp?NID=30133 "Amber Heard For Red Sonja? With Simon West directing?"]. Empire. February 10, 2011 On February 26, 2015, Christopher Cosmos was hired to write the film's script.{{cite magazine|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/red-sonja-movie-lands-new-778103|title='Red Sonja' Movie Lands New Writer (Exclusive)|magazine=The Hollywood Reporter|last=Kit|first=Borys|date=February 26, 2015}} Filmmaker Mike Lè Han has made a video for his pitch of him directing Red Sonja.{{cite web|url=http://screenrant.com/red-sonja-pitch-video-mike-han-hellraiser-origins/|title=SR Pick: Red Sonja Pitch Video By Hellraiser: Origins Filmmaker|website=Screen Rant|last=Tsering|first=Lisa|date=August 26, 2015}}
• In 2017, Millennium Films announced a new Red Sonja film, with Avi Lerner and Joe Gatta producing along with Cinelou Films' Mark Canton and Courtney Solomon and writing by Ashley Miller.{{cite web|last=Busch|first=Anita|url=https://deadline.com/2017/11/millennium-to-remake-female-strong-red-sonja-cinelou-1202201372/|title=Millennium To Produce Female-Strong 'Red Sonja' With Cinelou|date=November 4, 2017|access-date=November 4, 2017|work=Deadline Hollywood}}{{cite web|last=Busch|first=Anita|url=https://deadline.com/2018/04/x-men-first-class-thor-writer-ashley-edward-miller-red-sonja-millennium-films-1202358279/|title='X-Men: First Class,' 'Thor' Writer Ashley Edward Miller Hired On For 'Red Sonja'|date=April 4, 2018|access-date=April 4, 2018|work=Deadline Hollywood}} In October 2018, Bryan Singer was confirmed to direct the film.{{cite web|last=Siegel|first=Tatiana|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/bryan-singer-nabs-huge-payday-directing-red-sonja-1148877|title=Bryan Singer Nabs Huge Payday for Directing 'Red Sonja'|date=October 5, 2018|access-date=October 5, 2018|work=The Hollywood Reporter}} In February 2019, following allegations against Singer of sexual assault, Millennium stated Red Sonja was no longer on their slate of films,{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2019/film/news/bryan-singer-red-sonja-movie-delayed-millennium-1203135878/|title=Bryan Singer's 'Red Sonja' Movie Delayed Amid Controversy|first1=Dave|last1=McNary|date=February 11, 2019}} and Singer was fired from the production the next month.{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/kevin-tsujihara-more-executives-pushed-cast-actress-charlotte-kirk-1194090|title=Powerful Friends: After Kevin Tsujihara, More Executives Pushed to Cast Actress Charlotte Kirk|first1=Kim|last1=Masters|first2=Tatiana|last2=Siegel|website=The Hollywood Reporter|date=March 13, 2019}} On June 21, 2019, three months after Singer was removed as director, The Hollywood Reporter reported that Joey Soloway had been hired to write and direct the film.{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/transparent-creator-jill-soloway-replaces-bryan-singer-red-sonja-movie-1220328|title='Transparent' Creator Jill Soloway Replaces Bryan Singer on 'Red Sonja' Movie|first1=Borys|last1=Kit|first2=Aaron|last2=Couch|magazine=The Hollywood Reporter|date=June 21, 2019}} On February 26, 2021, the same publication announced that Tasha Huo was selected to write the film.{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/tasha-huo-writing-red-sonja-joey-soloway-millennium|title='Tomb Raider' Showrunner Tasha Huo to Write 'Red Sonja' With Joey Soloway for Millennium (Exclusive)|first=Alex|last=Ritman|magazine=The Hollywood Reporter|date=February 26, 2021}} The film was scheduled to begin filming in 2022,{{Cite web|last=Ritman|first=Alex|date=2021-11-05|title=AFM: Millennium Boss on Casting 'Expendables 4' and Small-Screen Plans ('Rambo' TV?)|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/afm-millennium-media-expendables-4-rambo-tv-1235043020/|access-date=2021-11-07|website=The Hollywood Reporter|language=en-US}} but in March of that year it was reported that Soloway had exited the project and M. J. Bassett was hired as director.{{Cite web|last=Nash|first=Anthony|title=Report: Hannah John-Kamen Leaves Red Sonja Film|url=https://www.comingsoon.net/movies/news/1213932-report-hannah-john-kamen-leaves-red-sonja-film|website=ComingSoon.net|date=March 8, 2022|access-date=March 10, 2022|archive-date=March 8, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308232346/https://www.comingsoon.net/movies/news/1213932-report-hannah-john-kamen-leaves-red-sonja-film}} On August 23, 2022, Millennium Media confirmed that the film had begun production in Bulgaria, with Italian actress Matilda Lutz playing the title role.{{Cite web|url=https://comicbook.com/movies/news/red-sonja-movie-production-start-confirmed-adaptation-matilda-lutz/|title=Red Sonja Movie Starts Production|first=Patrick|last=Cavanaugh|publisher=ComicBook.com|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=August 23, 2022|access-date=August 23, 2022|archive-date=August 23, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220823165638/https://comicbook.com/movies/news/red-sonja-movie-production-start-confirmed-adaptation-matilda-lutz/}}{{Cite web|last=Grobar|first=Matt|date=2022-10-11|title='Red Sonja' First Look: Matilda Lutz Stars In Millennium Media's Comic Book Film|url=https://deadline.com/2022/10/red-sonja-first-look-matilda-lutz-stars-in-millennium-media-comic-book-film-1235141267/|access-date=2022-10-12|website=Deadline|language=en-US}} The film is planned for release in the US and UK in late 2025.{{Cite web|last=Wiseman|first=Andreas|date=2025-02-17|title='Red Sonja' Reboot Gets UK Deal & Is Planned For Release "Later This Year"|url=https://deadline.com/2025/02/red-sonja-reboot-release-later-this-year-uk-deal-1236292579/|access-date=2025-02-17|website=Deadline|language=en-US}}{{Cite web|title=Search|url=https://www.filmratings.com/Search?filmTitle=Red+Sonja&x=0&y=0|access-date=2025-03-26|website=www.filmratings.com}}

Red Sonja is featured in the Dungeons & Dragons module Red Sonja Unconquered.{{Cite book|last=McCready|first=Anne Gray|title=Red Sonja Unconquered|publisher=TSR|year=1986|isbn=0-88038-324-0}}

In 2018, Dynamite Entertainment released the Red Sonja: Hyrkania's Legacy board game,{{Cite web|title=Dynamite® Red Sonja: Hyrkania's Legacy Board Game|url=https://www.dynamite.com/htmlfiles/viewProduct.html?PRO=C725130265968|access-date=2022-04-08|website=www.dynamite.com}} followed by an expansion module in 2020.{{Cite web|title=Dynamite® Red Sonja: Hyrkania's Legacy Board Game Expansion|url=https://www.dynamite.com/htmlfiles/viewProduct.html?PRO=C128892|access-date=2022-04-08|website=www.dynamite.com}} The games allowed players to play as Red Sonja and various supporting characters in adventures set in Hyrkania.

1973 Academy of Comic Book Arts Awards: Best Individual Story (Dramatic). The Song of Red Sonja. Written by Roy Thomas and pencilled, inked and colored by Barry Smith. The story first appeared in Conan the Barbarian issue 24 (March 1972), in which two panels were censored by John Romita, Sr.{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}} The uncensored story was reprinted in Marvel Treasury Edition, Volume 1, No. 15, 1977, where it was recolored by Glynis Wein and the artwork was slightly cropped to fit the page format.

On June 6, 2006, the comic news site Newsarama reported that Red Sonja, LLC (which holds rights to the Roy Thomas version of the character, created in 1973){{cite web|url=https://www.cbr.com/marvel-red-sonja-conan-deal/|title= Why Red Sonja Isn't Part of Marvel's Conan Deal - Part 3|publisher=CBR.com|author=Cronin, Brian|date=January 17, 2018|accessdate=November 23, 2021|archivedate=May 25, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180525172107/https://www.cbr.com/marvel-red-sonja-conan-deal/}} filed a lawsuit on four counts against Paradox Entertainment (which claims rights to Red Sonya as part of the Howard library) in US Federal Court in April 2006. The four counts were claims of copyright infringement, trademark infringement, trademark dilution, and unfair competition.{{cite web|url=http://www.newsarama.com/dynamitenew/redsonja/12/SonjaConan.html|title=Sonja vs. Conan – Red Sonja, LLC Sues Paradox|work=Newsarama|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060628052713/http://www.newsarama.com/dynamitenew/redsonja/12/SonjaConan.html|archive-date=June 28, 2006}} The lawsuit was settled in January 2008, on the second day of the hearing, for a sum of $1 each. Red Sonja LLC paid $1 to Paradox for the rights to Howard's Red Sonya and permission for the Red Sonja stories to continue being set in Conan's Hyborian Age. Paradox simultaneously paid $1 to Red Sonja LLC for the exclusive print-publication rights for "The Shadow of the Vulture" now that one of the characters belongs to Red Sonja LLC.{{cite web|url=http://blog.newsarama.com/2008/01/29/red-sonjared-sonya-dispute-settled-for-1-swap/|title=Red Sonja/Red Sonya dispute settled for $1 swap|access-date=2008-01-31|work=Newsarama|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516225450/http://blog.newsarama.com/2008/01/29/red-sonjared-sonya-dispute-settled-for-1-swap/|archive-date=2008-05-16}}

{{reflist}}

{{sister project links|d=Q162335|c=category:Red Sonja|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|wikt=no|s=no|q=no|n=no}}

• {{official website}}
• [http://www.maelmill-insi.de/UHBMCC/redsonja.htm A bibliography of Marvel Feature Presents and all the solo Red Sonja series published by Marvel Comics]
• [http://www.toonopedia.com/redsonja.htm Red Sonja] at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. [https://archive.today/20240528010425/https://www.webcitation.org/6nNO5KKlr?url=http://toonopedia.com/redsonja.htm Archived] from the original on January 9, 2017.
• {{Marveldatabase}}

{{Red Sonja|state=expanded}}

{{Spider-Man characters}}

{{Conan}}

{{Dynamite Entertainment}}

{{Roy Thomas}}

{{Authority control}}

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