Renewable energy in Hungary

File:Szélerőművek Mosonszolnok mellett (1.).jpg

In 2015, 10.5% of the gross Hungarian electricity production came from renewables, 52% of that amount was from biomass, 22% was from wind, 7% was from hydroenergy and 3% was from solar.

Renewable energy in Hungary by type (2016):{{cite web|url=http://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xstadat/xstadat_eves/i_ui011b.html|title=STADAT - 5.7.3. Megújuló energiaforrásokból és hulladékból termelt villamos energia részesedése (2000–)*|author=KSH|website=www.ksh.hu|access-date=26 January 2019}}

{{Main|Wind power in Hungary}}

The national forecast included 400 MW of new wind power capacity between 2010 and 2020. EWEA's 2009 forecast expected Hungary to reach 1.2 GW of installed wind capacity in this time. In the end of 2010 wind power capacity was 295 MW.[http://ewea.org/fileadmin/ewea_documents/documents/statistics/EWEA_Annual_Statistics_2010.pdf Wind in power 2010 European statistics] EWEA February 2011 page 4 However, since 2010, no further wind energy tenders were accepted. In 2016, the Hungarian government banned the installation of new wind energy capacities with administrative measures.{{cite web|url=http://www.napi.hu/magyar_gazdasag/a_kormany_eldontotte_magyarorszagon_nem_lesz_szelenergia.622193.html|title=A kormány eldöntötte: Magyarországon nem lesz szélenergia|last=www.napi.hu|website=Napi.hu|access-date=22 April 2018}} The current capacity of wind power in Hungary is 329 MW.

{{Main|Solar power in Hungary}}

The Hungarian solar power generation is rapidly advancing, although from a small basis. By the end of 2015 Hungary had installed more than 110 megawatt (MW) of photovoltaics. The country's capacity is expected to double in 2016.{{cite web|url=http://magyarepitok.hu/rohamtempoban-bovul-hazai-napenergia-felhasznalas|title=Rohamtempóban bővül a hazai napenergia felhasználás|first=REGON Média|last=Zrt.|website=magyarepitok.hu|access-date=22 April 2018}} By the end of 2019 Hungary had installed more than 1277 megawatt (MW) of photovoltaics.{{cite web| url = https://www.napi.hu/magyar_gazdasag/napenergia_boom-rekord-greenpeace-metar-klimaterv-napelem.703964.html| title = Ennyit ér a magyar napelemrekord - Napi.hu}} As of the third quarter of 2020, the installed solar power capacity was 1920 MW.{{cite web | url=https://www.portfolio.hu/gazdasag/20201128/nagy-magyar-napenergia-rekordot-hozhat-az-idei-ev-459200 | title=Nagy magyar napenergia-rekordot hozhat az idei év | date=28 November 2020 }} This is about the same as the only Paks NPP in Hungary, which generates 2000 MW or 50% of the electricity generated in Hungary.{{Cite web | url=http://www.atomeromu.hu/en/AboutUs/Lapok/1default.aspx | title=Látogass el hozzánk! | language=hu | trans-title=Visit us!}} As of October 2021, the installed solar power capacity was 2728 MW.{{cite web | url=https://www.portfolio.hu/gazdasag/20211119/kiemelkedo-merfoldkohoz-kozelit-a-magyar-napenergia-szektor-511538 | title=Kiemelkedő mérföldkőhöz közelít a magyar napenergia szektor | date=19 November 2021 }} As of 2023, the installed solar power capacity was 5835 MW.{{cite web|url=https://www.eurobserv-er.org/photovoltaic-barometer-2024/|title=Photovoltaic Barometer 2024|page=2/7|author=|publisher=EurObserv’ER|date=2024-04-30|access-date=2024-11-30}} As of 2023, solar energy accounted for 18.4% of the country's total electricity production.{{cite web|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-solar?tab=chart&country=~HUN|title=Share of electricity production from solar - Hungary|author=|publisher=Our World in Data|date=2024-06-20|access-date=2024-11-30}}

File:Kisköre.jpg Dam]]

{{Main|Hydroelectricity in Hungary}}

Located in the Carpathian basin, Hungary has limited access to hydroelectricity. Since the unfortunate case of the Gabčíkovo–Nagymaros Dams project, the building of hydroelectric dams is extremely unpopular in the Hungarian society. The existing Croatian plans of building new dams on the shared sections of the river Drava are rejected by the Hungarian government.{{cite web|url=https://ng.hu/kultura/2004/02/10/dravai_vizeromu_horvatok_terveznek_magyarok_ellenkeznek/|title=Drávai vízerőmű - horvátok terveznek, magyarok ellenkeznek - National Geographic|website=ng.hu|date=9 February 2004 |access-date=22 April 2018}}

Hungary's two largest hydroelectric dams (Tiszalök, Kisköre) are built on the river Tisza, with 12,5 MW and 28 MW capacities, respectively. The remaining power stations are usually former mills transformed to small hydroelectric dams.

Geothermal energy is widely used in Hungary for the heating of homes and industrial areas.{{Cite web |date=2020-07-28 |title=Hungary Geothermal Energy Market 2020 - Growth, Trends & Forecasts - ResearchAndMarkets.com |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20200728005474/en/Hungary-Geothermal-Energy-Market-2020---Growth-Trends-Forecasts---ResearchAndMarkets.com |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=www.businesswire.com |language=en}}

The Miskolc Geothermal Project (45 MW) wins GeoPower Market’s international award: “Best Heating Project 2013”. {{cite web | url=https://pannergy.com/en/projects/miskolc/ | title=Miskolc | date=2 May 2013 }}

The PannErgy Group and Győr-Szol Zrt., geothermal energy (46 MW) provide approximately 40 percent of the total heat requirement of nearly 24 thousand homes and more than a thousand other customers in the Győr district heating system. In addition, the energy output of the Bőny heat center provides at least 80 percent of the heating energy used by Audi Hungaria Zrt’s factory complex in Győr.{{cite web | url=https://pannergy.com/en/projects/gyor/ | title=Győr | date=14 October 2013 }} The Szentlőrinc Geothermal System consists of a production well and a reinjection well, pipelines connecting the wells with the heat center, as well as the engineering, power, and control engineering facilities in the latter. The system transfers heat from its heating plant to the distribution heating network through 3 heat exchanger units, each with a capacity of 4.6 MW.{{cite web | url=https://pannergy.com/en/projects/szentlorinc/ | title=Szentlőrinc | date=2 May 2013 }}

A power plant using geothermal energy, located in Tura, has electrical production of 2.3 MW gross and 1.3 MW net.{{cite web |date=6 July 2016 |title=Official kick-off for Turawell geothermal project in Hungary |url=http://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/official-kick-off-for-turawell-geothermal-project-in-hungary/ |access-date=22 April 2018 |website=Think GeoEnergy - Geothermal Energy News}}{{Cite web |date=2020-06-01 |title=Sprinkled Like Paprika, The Thermal Waters of Hungary |url=https://geothermal.org/our-impact/blog/sprinkled-paprika-thermal-waters-hungary |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=Geothermal Rising -- Using the Earth to Save the Earth}}

Construction on a geothermal project in Szeged began in 2022, with 27 wells and 16 heating plants. The project is promoted as "Europe's biggest urban heating system overhaul." It will serve 27 000 flats and 400 non-residential consumers.{{Cite web |last=AFP |first=10 July 2022 |title=Hot water wells in Hungary fuel switch from Russian gas |url=https://www.news24.com/fin24/economy/world/hot-water-wells-in-hungary-fuel-switch-from-russian-gas-20220710 |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=Fin24 |language=en-US}}

• Solar power in Hungary
• Wind power in Hungary
• [https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/national-action-plans European Commission National Renewable Energy Action Plans]
• [https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports European Commission renewable energy Progress Reports]
• [https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficiency-directive/national-energy-efficiency-action-plans European Commission National Energy Efficiency Energy Action Plans]

{{Reflist}}{{Renewable energy by country}}