Robert Adair (politician)

{{other people|Robert Adair}}{{More citations needed|date=May 2024}}{{Short description|English diplomat (1763–1855)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}

{{Use British English|date=January 2017}}

{{Infobox officeholder

| honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable

| name = Sir Robert Adair

| honorific-suffix = GCB

| image = Robert Adair by Thomas Gainsborough.jpg

| imagesize =

| caption = Portrait by Thomas Gainsborough, 1785

| order = British Ambassador to Belgium

| term_start = 1831

| term_end = 1835

| monarch = William IV

| primeminister =

| predecessor = John Ponsonby

| successor = Stratford Canning

| order1 = British Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire

| term_start1 = 1808

| term_end1 = 1809

| monarch1 =

| primeminister1 =

| predecessor1 = Sir Arthur Paget

| successor1 = Henry Bulwer

| order2 = British Ambassador to Austria

| term_start2 = 1806

| term_end2 = 1807

| monarch2 = George III

| primeminister2 = William Cavendish-Bentinck

| predecessor2 = Sir Arthur Paget

| successor2 = George Herbert

| office3 = Member of Parliament
for Camelford

| term_start3 = 1802

| term_end3 = 1812

| predecessor3 = William Joseph Denison

| successor3 = John Angerstein

| birth_name =

| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1763|05|24}}

| birth_place =

| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1855|10|03|1763|05|24}}

| death_place =

| party = Whig

| spouse = {{Marriage|Angélique Gabrielle|1805}}

| children =

| alma_mater = Westminster School
University of Göttingen

| religion =

}}

Sir Robert Adair GCB (24 May 1763 – 3 October 1855) was a distinguished British diplomat, and frequently employed on the most important diplomatic missions.

He was the son of Robert Adair, sergeant-surgeon to George III, and Lady Caroline Keppel, daughter of Willem Anne van Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle. He was educated at Westminster School and the University of Göttingen, and then studied law at Lincoln's Inn, but hardly practised as a barrister.

He hoped to gain office as Under-secretary of State to Charles James Fox, but he was in opposition. Following the French Revolution, he travelled in Europe, visiting Berlin, Vienna, and St Petersburg to study the effects of the revolution and equip himself for a diplomatic career.

He became Whig Member of Parliament (MP) for Appleby (1799–1802) and Camelford (1802–12).

In 1805, he made a disastrous marriage to Angélique Gabrielle, daughter of the marquis de l'Escuyer d'Hazincourt (known as ‘Talleyrand's spy’), but this kept him out of office when Fox returned to government. Instead Fox sent him to Vienna. In June 1808, George Canning transferred him to Constantinople. He was created a KCB in that year for his services there.

As British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, he reported on the case of the Elgin marbles. In 1811, he wrote that the Ottomans had 'absolutely denied' that Elgin had any property in the sculptures.{{Cite book |last=Titi |first=Catharine |author-link=Catharine Titi |url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-26357-6 |title=The Parthenon Marbles and International Law |date=2023 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-031-26356-9 |pages=79-81 |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-3-031-26357-6}}

He was appointed a Privy Counsellor in 1828. He was employed in Belgium from 1831 to 1835, where he succeeded in preventing a war between Belgium and The Netherlands. This exploit won for him the rank of GCB and a pension of £2000 per year from 1831, and also the grand'cross of the Belgian order of Leopold in 1835. He then visited Prussia. In the 1840s, he published memoirs of his diplomatic activities in the 1800s.