Robert Gilpin

{{Infobox philosopher

|region = Western Philosophy

|era = Contemporary philosophy

|name = Robert Gilpin

|birth_date = {{birth date|1930|7|2|mf=y}}

|birth_place = Burlington, Vermont, U.S.

|death_date = {{death date and age|2018|6|20|1930|7|2|mf=y}}

|death_place = Waterbury, Vermont, U.S

|nationality = American

|school_tradition = Realism

|main_interests = International security, International political economy

|notable_ideas = Hegemonic stability theory

}}

Robert Gilpin ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɡ|ɪ|l|p|ɪ|n}}; July 2, 1930 – June 20, 2018{{cite web|title=Obituary for Robert (Bob) George Gilpin, Jr. at Perkins-Parker Funeral Home|url=http://www.perkinsparker.com/obituary/robert-gilpin-jr|access-date=2 July 2018|website=www.perkinsparker.com|language=en}}{{cite news|title=Robert (Bob) George Gilpin Jr. Obituary|language=en|work=The Caledonian Record|url=http://www.caledonianrecord.com/community/deaths/robert-bob-george-gilpin-jr-obituary/article_eb72fae4-06c9-57dc-9615-43ed52cdc796.html|access-date=2 July 2018}}) was an American political scientist. He was Professor of Politics and International Affairs at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University where he held the Eisenhower professorship.

Gilpin was an influential figure in the fields of international relations theory and international political economy.{{Cite journal|date=2005-09-01|title=Conversations in International Relations: Interview with Robert Gilpin|journal=International Relations|language=en|volume=19|issue=3|pages=361–372|doi=10.1177/0047117805055412|s2cid=149248020|issn=0047-1178|doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal|last=Cohen|first=Benjamin J.|date=1988|title=Review of The Political Economy of International Relations|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/45331316|journal=The Fletcher Forum|volume=12|issue=2|pages=359–361|jstor=45331316 |issn=0147-0981}}{{Cite book|last=Cohen|first=Benjamin J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H79WVDwMzCEC|title=International Political Economy: An Intellectual History|date=2008|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-13569-4|language=en}}{{Cite journal|last=Wohlforth|first=William C.|date=2011|title=Gilpinian Realism and International Relations|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0047117811411742|journal=International Relations|language=en|volume=25|issue=4|pages=499–511|doi=10.1177/0047117811411742|s2cid=14186199 |issn=0047-1178|url-access=subscription}} A "soft" realist, Gilpin argued that international economic affairs reflected state power, and that states' security interests shaped international economic cooperation.{{Cite book|last=Cohen|first=Benjamin J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H79WVDwMzCEC|title=International Political Economy: An Intellectual History|date=2008|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-13569-4|pages=72–74|language=en}} He was a proponent of what would become known as hegemonic stability theory, the notion that the international system is most likely to be stable in the presence of a hegemon.{{Cite journal|last1=Norrlof|first1=Carla|last2=Wohlforth|first2=William C.|date=2019|title=Raison de l'Hégémonie (The Hegemon's Interest): Theory of the Costs and Benefits of Hegemony|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/09636412.2019.1604982|journal=Security Studies|volume=28|issue=3|pages=422–450|doi=10.1080/09636412.2019.1604982|s2cid=197802117 |issn=0963-6412|url-access=subscription}}

Education

Gilpin received his B.A. from the University of Vermont in 1952 and his M.S. from Cornell University in 1954. Following three years as an officer in the U.S. Navy, Gilpin completed his Ph.D. at the University of California, Berkeley, earning his doctorate in 1960.{{Cite web |date=2024-06-28 |title=Robert Gilpin {{!}} American Academy of Arts and Sciences |url=https://www.amacad.org/person/robert-gilpin |access-date=2024-09-02 |website=www.amacad.org |language=en}}

Career

Gilpin joined the Princeton faculty in 1962 and became full professor in 1970.{{Cite web |date=2024-06-28 |title=Robert Gilpin {{!}} American Academy of Arts and Sciences |url=https://www.amacad.org/person/robert-gilpin |access-date=2024-07-15 |website=www.amacad.org |language=en}} He was a faculty associate of the Center of International Studies, and the Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination.

Gilpin was a Guggenheim fellow in 1969, a Rockefeller fellow from 1967 to 1968 and again from 1976 to 1977, and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He was a member of the American Political Science Association for which he served as vice president from 1984 to 1985, and he was a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. Early in his career, Gilpin focused on conflict and national security, in particular nuclear weapons policy.{{Cite book|last=Cohen|first=Benjamin J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H79WVDwMzCEC|title=International Political Economy: An Intellectual History|date=2008|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-13569-4|pages=32–35|language=en}} Over time, his focus shifted to international political economy.

Gilpin described his view of international relations and international political economy from a "realist" standpoint. He characterized himself as a "soft" realist. He explained in his book Global Political Economy that he considered himself a "state-centric realist" in the tradition of prominent "classical realists" such as E. H. Carr and Hans Morgenthau.Gilpin, Robert (2001). Global Political Economy - Understanding the International Economic Order. Princeton: Princeton University Press. pp. 15–23.{{Cite book|last=Copeland|first=Dale C.|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt7ztkw2|title=Economic Interdependence and War|date=2015|volume=148 |publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-16159-4|location=|pages=30|doi=10.2307/j.ctt7ztkw2 |jstor=j.ctt7ztkw2|quote="realist scholars a Robert Gilpin"}} He has described Morgenthau, Carr and Hedley Bull as influences on his thinking, as well as Susan Strange, Raymond Vernon and Richard Cooper.

An important figure in the field of International Political Economy (IPE), Gilpin's scholarship pushed back on claims made by liberal institutionalists such as Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye on the declining importance of state power in international economic affairs amid complex interdependence. Gilpin argued that states were still the key actors in the realm of economic relations and that security interests remained a key determinant of state behavior in economic affairs. Non-state actors were still fundamentally dependent on what states did. Gilpin was a strong influence on Stephen D. Krasner.{{Cite book|last=Cohen|first=Benjamin J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H79WVDwMzCEC|title=International Political Economy: An Intellectual History|date=2008|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-13569-4|pages=99|language=en}}

Within IPE, Gilpin proposed an influential framework for organizing schools of political thought on the relationship between politics and economics into three: Mercantilism, Liberalism, and Marxism.

In his 1975 book US Power and the Multinational Corporation, Gilpin warned that multinational corporations could facilitate a rapid spread of advanced technologies away from the leading states to rising states, thus facilitating more rapid power transitions.{{Cite book|last=Brooks|first=Stephen G.|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt7sjz7|title=Producing Security: Multinational Corporations, Globalization, and the Changing Calculus of Conflict|date=2005|volume=102 |publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-13031-6|location=|pages=54–55|doi=10.2307/j.ctt7sjz7 |jstor=j.ctt7sjz7}} Gilpin has described War and Change In World Politics (1981) as the work of his that he is most pleased with.

In the final years of his career, Gilpin focused his research interests in the application of realist thinking to contemporary American policies in the Middle East. Gilpin was openly critical of the politics surrounding the 2003 invasion of Iraq in his essay "War is Too Important to Be Left to Ideological Amateurs."Gilpin, Robert (2005).{{cite web|url=http://ire.sagepub.com/content/19/1/5.full.pdf+html|title=War is Too Important to Be Left to Ideological Amateurs}}International Relations vol. 19, no. 1 5–18.

Bibliography

[https://archive.org/details/americanscientis00gilp American Scientists and Nuclear Weapons Policy] (1962)
France in the Age of the Scientific State (1968)
US Power and the Multinational Corporation (1975)
War and Change In World Politics (1981)
The Political Economy of International Relations (1987)
The Challenge of Global Capitalism (2000)
Global Political Economy: Understanding the International Economic Order (2001)

These books have been translated into a number of languages. The Political Economy of International Relations won the 1987 Award for the Best New Professional and Scholarly Book in Business, Management, and Economics, as well as the 1988 Woodrow Wilson Foundation Book Award for the best book in political science

References

External links

[https://www.princeton.edu/politics/people/display_person.xml?netid=rggilpin&display=faculty Princeton University profile]
[http://sites.dartmouth.edu/wwohlforth/files/2013/04/GilpinianRealism1.pdf Gilpinian Realism and International Relations]
[http://ire.sagepub.com/content/19/3/361.full.pdf Conversations in International Relations: Interview with Robert Gilpin]
[https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?searchType=facetSearch&page=1&sd=&ed=&Query=au%3A%22Robert%20Gilpin%22&si=1 Articles at JSTOR]

Category:1930 births

Category:2018 deaths

Category:Cornell University alumni

Category:American economists

Category:American international relations scholars

Category:Political realists

Category:American political scientists

Category:Princeton University faculty

Category:University of California, Berkeley alumni

Category:University of Vermont alumni

Category:20th-century American non-fiction writers

Category:21st-century American non-fiction writers