Romanesco broccoli

File:Romanesco broccoli (3).jpg form.]]

File:Romanesco broccoli texture.jpg

File:Vitoria - Huertas de Olarizu - Romanescu BT 01.jpg

Romanesco superficially resembles a cauliflower, but it is chartreuse in color, with the form of a natural fractal. Nutritionally, romanesco is rich in vitamin C, vitamin K, dietary fiber, and carotenoids.{{cite web|author=Tufts Nutrition|title=Tufts Nutrition Top 10|url=https://sites.tufts.edu/nutrition/winter-2016/tufts-nutrition-top-10/|work=Tufts Nutrition Magazine|access-date=26 February 2020}}

{{See also|Cauliflower#In culture}}

The inflorescence (the bud) is self-similar in character, with the branched meristems making up a logarithmic spiral, giving a form approximating a natural fractal; each bud is composed of a series of smaller buds, all arranged in yet another logarithmic spiral. This self-similar pattern continues at smaller levels. The pattern is only an approximate fractal since the pattern eventually terminates when the feature size becomes sufficiently small. The number of spirals on the head of Romanesco broccoli is a Fibonacci number.{{cite web|author=Ron Knott|title=Fibonacci Numbers and Nature|url=http://www.maths.surrey.ac.uk/hosted-sites/R.Knott/Fibonacci/fibnat.html#veg|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181128225921/http://www.maths.surrey.ac.uk/hosted-sites/R.Knott/Fibonacci/fibnat.html#veg|archive-date=28 November 2018|url-status=live|work=Ron Knott's Web Pages on Mathematics|date=30 October 2010}}

The causes of its differences in appearance from the normal cauliflower and broccoli have been modeled as an extension of the preinfloresence stage of bud growth.{{cite journal|author=Martin Kieffer|author2=Michael P. Fuller|author3=Anita J. Jellings|title=Explaining Curd and Spear Geometry in Broccoli, Cauliflower and 'Romanesco': Quantitative Variation in Activity of Primary Meristems|journal=Planta|date=July 1998|volume=206|issue=1|pages=34–43|doi=10.1007/s004250050371|s2cid=39949892}} A 2021 paper has ascribed this phenomenon to perturbations of floral gene networks that causes the development of meristems into flowers to fail, but instead to repeat itself in a self-similar way.{{Cite journal|last1=Azpeitia|first1=Eugenio|last2=Tichtinsky|first2=Gabrielle|last3=Masson|first3=Marie Le|last4=Serrano-Mislata|first4=Antonio|last5=Lucas|first5=Jérémy|last6=Gregis|first6=Veronica|last7=Gimenez|first7=Carlos|last8=Prunet|first8=Nathanaël|last9=Farcot|first9=Etienne|last10=Kater|first10=Martin M.|last11=Bradley|first11=Desmond|date=2021-07-09|title=Cauliflower fractal forms arise from perturbations of floral gene networks|journal=Science|language=en|volume=373|issue=6551|pages=192–197|doi=10.1126/science.abg5999|issn=0036-8075|pmid=34244409|bibcode=2021Sci...373..192A |s2cid=235769692 |doi-access=free|hdl=10251/182273|hdl-access=free}}{{Cite web|last=Farcot|first=Etienne|title=Why do cauliflowers look so odd? We've cracked the maths behind their 'fractal' shape|url=http://theconversation.com/why-do-cauliflowers-look-so-odd-weve-cracked-the-maths-behind-their-fractal-shape-164121|access-date=2021-07-20|website=The Conversation|language=en}}

• Phyllotaxis

{{Reflist}}

• {{Commons category inline|Romanesco broccoli}}
• {{Wiktionary inline|Romanesco}}

• {{Cite journal

| title=Cultivar Identification Within Broccoli, Brassica Oleracea L. Var. Italica Plenck And Cauliflower, Brassica Oleracea Var. Botrytis L.

| first1=M.

| last1=Malatesta

| first2=J.C.

| last2=Davey

| journal=Acta Hortic

| year=1996

| volume=407

| issue=407

| pages=109–114

| doi=10.17660/ActaHortic.1996.407.12}}

• [https://www.fourmilab.ch/images/Romanesco/ Fractal Food: Self-Similarity on the Supermarket Shelf] (John Walker, March 2005)
• [https://arodic.github.io/renderman/matrix.html Procedural fractal 3-D generation of Romanesco broccoli with RenderMan] (Aleksandar Rodić, 2009)

{{Brassica oleracea}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Romanesco Broccoli}}

Category:Brassica oleracea

Category:Fractals

Category:Inflorescence vegetables

de:Blumenkohl#Formen und Typen