Royal Military Academy Sandhurst#Organisation
{{Short description|British Army officer initial training centre}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2013}}
{{Infobox university
| name = Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
| image = File:RMAS18Je6-4685.jpg
| caption = New College buildings
| latin_name =
| other_name =
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| motto = Serve to lead
| top_free_label = Commandant
| top_free = Major-General Nick Cowley
| top_free_label1 = Commander
| top_free1 = Brigadier Nick Wight-Boycott
| type = Military academy
| established = {{Start date|1947}} (merger of Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, founded 1741, and Royal Military College, Sandhurst, founded 1801)
| closed =
| founder =
| parent = Sandhurst Group
| affiliation = {{army|United Kingdom}}
| religious_affiliation =
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| endowment =
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| city = Sandhurst, Berkshire
| country = United Kingdom
| postalcode =
| coordinates =
| free_label = March
| free = Scipio (Slow) British Grenadiers (Quick)
| colours = Red, yellow and blue
| website = {{URL|https://www.army.mod.uk/who-we-are/our-schools-and-colleges/rma-sandhurst/}}
| logo =
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}}
The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (RMAS or RMA Sandhurst), commonly known simply as "Sandhurst", is one of several military academies of the United Kingdom and is the British Army's initial officer training centre. It is located in the town of Sandhurst, Berkshire, though its ceremonial entrance is in Camberley, Surrey, southwest of London. All British Army officers (including late-entry officers who were previously Warrant Officers) are trained at the academy, alongside other men and women from overseas. The academy also commands the University Officers' Training Corps (UOTC), which along with the General Staff Centre (GSC) and the Centre for Army Leadership (CAL) are collectively part of the formation known as Sandhurst Group (RMAS Group) part of Home Command.{{Cite news |date =2021-02-03 |title =Covid-19: Sandhurst military cadets rapped over 'mass outbreak' |url =https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-berkshire-55919295 |access-date= 2025-02-11 |work= BBC News |language= en-GB}}{{Cite AV media |url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EmlA3xjGOxA&list=PLv-jN2vurolbVxX222B7yujcrInJflBMm&index=7&ab_channel=BritishArmy |title= Brigadier Carr-Smith {{!}} Commander Sandhurst Group {{!}} British Army | date= 2020-08-14 | last= British Army | access-date= 2025-02-11 | via= YouTube}}{{Cite web |title= Future Soldier |url= https://www.army.mod.uk/media/14919/adr010310-futuresoldierguide_25nov.pdf |website= army.mod.uk}}
Sandhurst is the British Army equivalent of the Britannia Royal Naval College and of the Royal Air Force College Cranwell.
Location
Despite its name, the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst's address is located in Camberley;{{cite web|url=http://archive.sandhurstcollection.co.uk/contact_us/|title=Contact us|publisher=The Sandhurst Collection|access-date=5 September 2018|archive-date=5 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180905102107/http://archive.sandhurstcollection.co.uk/contact_us/|url-status=dead}} the boundaries of the academy straddle the counties of Berkshire and Surrey. The county border is marked by a small stream known as the Wish Stream, after which the academy journal is named. The "Main Gate" is located on the east of the Academy on the London Road in Camberley.{{cite web|url=https://www.sandhursttrust.org/event/7011A000001EIlPQAW/|title=CC 173 Commandant's Parade|publisher=Sandhurst Trust|access-date=5 September 2018}} The "College Town Gate", which is used for regular access, is located on the west of the Academy on Yorktown Road in Sandhurst.
History
The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst was formed on the site of the former Royal Military College (founded in 1801 for the training of officers for arms other than the Royal Artillery and Royal Engineers) in 1947 when it amalgamated with the Royal Military Academy in Woolwich (founded in 1741 for the training of officers for the Royal Artillery and Royal Engineers).{{Cite web |url= http://www.war-letters.com/0023/0014.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090106195651/http://www.war-letters.com/0023/0014.html |archive-date= 6 January 2009 |title= Letter from E.I.J. Bell Esq. No.3 Company, No.11 Platoon in Royal Military College re Facilities in Sandhurst |date= 31 January 1937 |url-status= usurped |website= war-letters.com }}
Following the ending of National Service in the UK and the closing of the Mons Officer Cadet School in Aldershot in 1972, the RMAS became the sole establishment for male initial officer training in the British Army,{{cite web | title=Mons Officer Cadet School|url= http://www.sandhurst.mod.uk/history/history9.htm | access-date= 6 July 2009}} taking over the responsibilities of Mons for training Short Service Officer Cadets, Territorial Army officers, and those joining the Regular Army as graduates.[http://www.churchill-society-london.org.uk/Shst2Chr.htm Some key dates in the history of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst and its predecessors] The Churchill Society For nearly half-a-century the welfare of overseas cadets was handled by Sandhurst volunteer Margaret Jones.{{Cite news |date=2023-12-12 |title=Margaret Jones |newspaper=The Times |language=en |url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/margaret-jones-tjq7g0g09 |access-date=2023-12-12 |issn=0140-0460}} In 1984, the Women's Officer Training College Bagshot was also merged into Sandhurst. In 1992, a new Commissioning Course finally unified the training of male, female, and overseas cadets.{{cite book | title= Sovereign's Parade Programme | publisher=RMA Sandhurst | date= April 2012 }}
The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst Collection illustrates the history of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, and the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. The collection includes the Gentlemen Cadet registers, historic archives, uniforms, paintings, photographs, and other artefacts.{{cite web| title=RMAS Archive| url=http://www.sandhurst.mod.uk/tour/archives.htm| access-date=29 June 2009| archive-date=30 April 2009| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090430115122/http://www.sandhurst.mod.uk/tour/archives.htm| url-status=dead}}
For the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, the newly created Academy hosted the running leg of the modern pentathlon competition.[http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1948/OR1948.pdf 1948 Summer Olympics official report.] p. 47.
In 2012, Sandhurst accepted a £15 million donation from the government of United Arab Emirates for the Zayed Building, an accommodation block, named after the UAE's founding ruler.{{cite news |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-28896860 |title= Sandhurst's sheikhs: Why do so many Gulf royals receive military training in the UK? |author=Matthew Teller |publisher=BBC |date= 26 August 2014 |access-date= 27 August 2014}} In 2013, Sandhurst accepted a donation of £3 million from the Government of Bahrain for the refurbishment of Mons Hall, named in honour of the men who fell in the Battle of Mons. It was renamed as King Hamad Hall in honour of the King of Bahrain, which generated some controversy in the United Kingdom.{{cite news |url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/defence/9875995/Row-over-renaming-of-Sandhurst-hall-after-Bahrain-donation.html |archive-url= https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/defence/9875995/Row-over-renaming-of-Sandhurst-hall-after-Bahrain-donation.html |archive-date= 12 January 2022 |url-access= subscription |url-status= live |title=Row over renaming of Sandhurst hall after Bahrain donation |author=Tom Whitehead |newspaper=Daily Telegraph |date=17 February 2013 |access-date= 27 August 2014}}{{cbignore}}
In 2015, Sandhurst appointed Colonel Lucy Giles as the first female college commander in its history.{{cite web |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-berkshire-35082705 |title= Royal Military Academy Sandhurst to get first female college commander |work= BBC News |date=12 December 2015 |access-date=13 December 2015}}
In 2019, Sandhurst gained widespread media attention in Britain after cadet Olivia Perks took her own life after an alleged affair with a superior at Sandhurst and amid fears she was going to be dismissed.{{Cite news |last=Brown |first=Larisa |date= 25 October 2021 |title= Seven could be charged over Sandhurst cadet's suicide |work= The Times |url= https://www.thetimes.com/article/seven-may-be-charged-over-sandhurst-cadets-suicide-k0zjgj0k6 |access-date= 5 November 2021}}{{Cite news |last= Southworth |first= Phoebe|date=26 September 2021 |title=Sandhurst Cadet Took Her Own Life After Alleged Affairs |work= The Sunday Telegraph |url= https://www.pressreader.com/uk/the-sunday-telegraph/20210926/281543704074119 |access-date= 5 November 2021}}{{Cite news |last=Nicholls |first=Dominic |date= 2 November 2021 |title='Exasperated' Ben Wallace summons Army chiefs over sex and bullying scandals |work= The Telegraph |url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/11/02/ben-wallace-summons-army-chiefs-sex-bullying-scandals/ |archive-url= https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/11/02/ben-wallace-summons-army-chiefs-sex-bullying-scandals/ |archive-date= 12 January 2022 |url-access= subscription |url-status= live |access-date= 5 November 2021}}{{cbignore}}{{Cite news |date=18 October 2021 |title= Sandhurst death cadet Olivia Perks 'thought she faced discharge' |work=BBC |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-berkshire-50102280 |access-date= 5 November 2021}} In May 2023, an inquest into her death found that the army missed chances to prevent Perks's suicide in failing to recognise signs of stress.{{cite news|title=Army missed chances to prevent suicide of Sandhurst cadet Olivia Perks, inquest finds|newspaper=The Guardian|date=26 May 2023|access-date=15 July 2023|last=Davies|first=Caroline|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/may/26/army-missed-chances-to-prevent-suicide-of-sandhurst-cadet-olivia-perks-inquest-finds}}
File:RMAS-17Je7-8145a.jpg|The Wellington Room, named after Field Marshal The 1st Duke of Wellington, showing a depiction of the Battle of Waterloo and the Duke's bust—RMAS Collection
File:RMAS-17Je7-8146a.jpg|Marlborough Room showing triptych on leather of the Battle of Blenheim by Horensburg RMAS Collection
Selection
Potential officers, for regular, reserve, or professional qualified service, are identified by the Army Officer Selection Board (formerly the Regular Commissions Board, or RCB) situated in Westbury in Wiltshire.{{cite web|title=AOSB Site |url=http://www.army.mod.uk/join/selection/officer.aspx |access-date=29 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090517135949/http://www.army.mod.uk/join/selection/officer.aspx |archive-date=17 May 2009 }} Assessment for regular or reserve direct entry service is undertaken at the same time, in the same groups, to the same standard. Nearly 10 per cent of British cadets are female and nearly 10 per cent of all cadets come from overseas. More than eighty percent of entrants are university graduates, although a degree is not required for admission.[http://www.sandhurst.mod.uk/courses/cadets.htm RMAS: The Officer Cadet] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070722210956/http://www.sandhurst.mod.uk/courses/cadets.htm |date=22 July 2007 }}.
Instructors
The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst instructors' cadre (group of trainers) is run once every year. The aim is to select 30 senior non-commissioned officers (SNCOs) from 60 over the course of 3–4 weeks. Instructors can come from any part of the British Army although most are historically from the Infantry. Typically before the 60 candidates arrive on the cadre, they would have had to have passed a 'Divisional pre-selection' course, meaning it would not be unusual for over double the 60 places to be contested. Sergeants, Staff/Colour Sergeants (Colour Sergeants from Infantry units) attend the Instructors Cadre. The Instructors Cadre is known to be demanding, both physically and mentally, compressing all the prominent physical tests and mental assessments that each Officer Cadet undertakes over the year course, into 3/4 weeks. No other instructor posting has a selection to pass in order to be a part of a training team.{{cite web|url=https://bootcampmilitaryfitnessinstitute.com/military-training/armed-forces-of-the-united-kingdom/british-army-phase-1-initial-military-training/the-sandhurst-group-snco-instructor-cadre/ |title=The Sandhurst Group SNCO Instructors' cadre|date=18 September 2015|publisher=Boot Camp Military Fitness Institute|access-date=25 August 2017}}
Courses
File:Sandhurst Royal Military Academy - geograph.org.uk - 44912.jpg
File:Royal Military Academy Sandhurst inspection of new Colours, June 2005.jpg (As Officer Cadet Wales at attention, to left of horse) is on parade.]]
There are three commissioning courses run at the academy. All are accredited by various academic and professional institutions, in particular the Chartered Management Institute. The Regular Commissioning Course, and increasingly the Short Course, are attended by international officer cadets from other nations' land forces. The three courses are:
1. The Regular Commissioning Course, which lasts 44 weeks, for Direct Entry officers into the Regular service.[https://www.army.mod.uk/who-we-are/our-schools-and-colleges/rma-sandhurst/officer-training/ Commissioning Course] Royal Military Academy Sandhurst {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623234729/http://www.army.mod.uk/training_education/training/17070.aspx |date=23 June 2011 }}
2. The Short Commissioning Course, which is for Army Reserve officers and both regular and reserve service professionally qualified officers (e.g., doctors, dentists, nurses, lawyers, pharmacists, veterinary surgeons and chaplains),[https://apply.army.mod.uk/how-to-join/entryoptions/professionally-qualified-officer PQO Course] at army.mod.uk, accessed 13 October 2018 which lasts eight weeks. The short course consists of four training modules; the first two, Modules A and B, can be completed under the supervision of RMAS with University Officers' Training Corps over a number of weekends, or at RMAS where each module lasts two weeks. The final two modules, modules C and D, of the Officers' training and assessment must be conducted at Sandhurst. This training can all be completed in an eight-week period at RMAS, or over a number of years. Upon completion, Officer Cadets become Second Lieutenants in the Army Reserve (including Officer Training Corps, OTC/UOTC), or Captains in PQO roles.{{cite web|url=http://www.army.mod.uk/infantry/regiments/12085.aspx|title=Choosing a Commission|quote=He is placed on the strength of a AR Unit but completes Modules 1–3 of the AR Commissioning Course (ARCC) with the UOTC and Module 4 at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.}}
3. The Late Entry Officer Course (LEOC) for senior soldiers commissioning from the ranks.[http://www.army.mod.uk/training_education/training/17967.aspx Late Entry Officer Course] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128070423/http://www.army.mod.uk/training_education/training/17967.aspx |date=28 January 2013 }} Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
The RMAS has an academic faculty staffed by civilian researchers with expertise in Communication and Applied Behavioural Science, Defence and International Affairs, and War Studies.{{cite web|url=http://army.mod.uk/training_education/training/17063.aspx|title=RMAS site|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091227122147/http://www.army.mod.uk/training_education/training/17063.aspx|archive-date=27 December 2009}}
Unlike some other national military academies such as West Point in the United States, the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr in France, the Royal Military College of Canada in Canada, the Pakistan Military Academy in Pakistan, the Nigerian Defence Academy in Nigeria or the Australian Defence Force Academy in Australia, Sandhurst is not a university. It only works with the Open University to award the Regular Commissioning Course 120 credit points towards a distance learning Honours Degree in International Studies which ultimately requires 360 points. Graduate entrants can gain a Postgraduate Certificate in Leadership and Conflict Studies from the Regular Commissioning Course and then embark on a pathway post-commissioning to complete a full master's degree from a university through further electives and a dissertation.{{cite web|url=http://www.army.mod.uk/training_education/24488.aspx|title=Academic departments|publisher=Royal Military Academy Sandhurst|access-date=23 January 2016}} Alternatively, non-graduate cadets have the opportunity to earn a BSc in Leadership and Strategic Studies through their military service, which is awarded by the University of Reading.{{cite web|date=3 January 2021|title=Officer Skills and Learning|url=https://apply.army.mod.uk/what-we-offer/regular-officer/skills}}
Sandhurst Group
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name = Sandhurst Group
Royal Military Academy Sandhurst Group
| dates =
| country = {{flagcountry|United Kingdom}}
| branch = {{army|United Kingdom}}
| type = Training and Leadership Development
| size = 1 Star Command
| command_structure = Home Command
| garrison = RMA Sandhurst
| commander1 = Brigadier Nick Wight-Boycott
| commander1_label = Commander RMAS Group
}}
Under the reforms outlined in the British Army's restructuring plan Future Soldier, the Sandhurst Group formation was reorganised, and is under the control of Home Command. The Commander RMAS Group holds the rank of Brigadier and is the overall commander of the Group and the operations of the Royal Military Academy.
The Group is Headquartered at RMA Sandhurst, and takes its name from the Academy. The units that make up Sandhurst Group are:
Royal Military Academy Sandhurst Group (RMAS Gp) HQ - RMA Sandhurst
- Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (RMAS)
- University Officers Training Corps (UOTC)
- General Staff Centre (GSC)
- Centre for Army Leadership (CAL)
The insignia used for Sandhurst Group is the same used by the Royal Military Academy and the badge of the Academy features on the Formation Flash for Sandhurst Group.{{Citation |last=Imagery |first=Defence |title=Northern Lights 2017 |date=2017-03-25 |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/defenceimages/25498832218 |access-date=2025-02-11}}{{Cite web |title=Ministry of Defence Directorate of Personnel Operations |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5e3ab528e5274a08e745c904/Army_Dress_Committee_meeting_minutes_March_2011_to_November_2013__Annex_J_.pdf |website=mod.uk}}
Organisation
In overall command of the RMAS is the Commander - a post established in January 2025 as part of the Sandhurst Group re-organisation where RMAS became a brigadier post as opposed to a major-general post. Whilst there is still a Commandant above the Commander, their post is now a mainly ceremonial one. The Commandant's day-to-day job is now to be in charge of the new initial training command. The Commander RMAS is supported by a Deputy Commander (colonel). The senior warrant officer, the Academy Sergeant Major (AcSM), is one of the most senior warrant officers in the British Army. The regular commissioning course is split into three terms, each lasting fourteen weeks (referred to as the Junior, Intermediate and Senior Divisions, identified by differently coloured badges). Basic army training is covered in the first five weeks, which, by reputation, are the most gruelling (the families of the cadets are encouraged to support the cadets' morale by maintaining home contacts). The main RMAS Commissioning Courses start in January, May and September of each year. Each intake numbers approximately 200 cadets, each of whom is assigned to a platoon within one of two/three companies. Platoons are commanded by captains, with a colour sergeant who takes the main burden of day-to-day training, especially during the first term (unlike West Point, RMAS entrusts the majority of officer training to Senior Non-Commissioned Officers). There can be as many as seven companies within RMAS at any one time. There can be additional companies of Army Reserve or 'professionally qualified officers' in the Academy who take part in shorter (1–2 months) commissioning courses. Each company is commanded by a major and named after a famous battle or campaign in which the British Army fought.{{cite journal|last=Robins|first= Colin |title=Recording The Commonplace – Sandhurst in the 1950s|journal= Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research|volume=94|year=2016|issue= 377 |pages=54–64|jstor= 44233100 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/44233100|access-date=28 September 2022}}
Officer cadets on the regular commissioning course nominate two regiments or corps that they seek to join during Junior Term. This choice may be influenced by their instructors, by family connections, or by regimental history, among other factors. Each regiment is looking for different qualities in its officers, and each cadet is considered on a case-by-case basis. At the beginning of Senior Term corps and regiments hold interviews, known as Regimental Selection Boards, to assist the corps and regiments in making offers to Officer Cadets. There can be competition among units for strong cadets and, conversely, among cadets for prestigious or specialised units. In the past, cadets might have been offered a so-called "confirmed cadetship", whereby they would effectively accept a commission into a given regiment prior to commencing the Commissioning Course. As of the January 2023 intake, Confirmed Cadetships are no longer offered to Officer Cadets, other than in very rare cases including technical expertise or a cadet being aged 30 or older when they start the commissioning course. Cadets on the short course will have already been sponsored by a reserve unit, a professionally qualified unit, or a University Officers' Training Corps, and will return to their unit post completion of the course.{{cite web |title=Officer class? |url=https://www.royalmarines.uk/threads/officer-class.54563/ |website=Royal Marines – Join the Regular and RMR Commandos}}
=Regular Army=
File:Open Day at the Royal Military Academy - geograph.org.uk - 251505.jpg
A small number of regular army units are based at the RMAS to provide support for the colleges and their training:
- Gurkha Demonstration Company (Sittang): this is a company-sized unit drawn from all units of the Brigade of Gurkhas, to provide an opposing force in battle training for the cadets.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FLWdCwAAQBAJ&q=gurkha+demonstration+company+%28sittang%29&pg=PA39|page=39|title=The British Army since 2000|first=James |last=Tanner|publisher=Osprey|year=2014|isbn=978-1782005933}}
- 44 Support Squadron, Royal Logistic Corps: this is the RMAS's permanently based transport, logistic and signals support unit.{{cite web|url=http://british-army-units1945on.co.uk/royal-logistics-corps/squadrons-41-to-60.html|title=44 Support Squadron|publisher=British Army Units 1945 on|access-date=8 July 2019}}
- Until 1984, the RMAS had its own band—The RMAS Band Corps.{{cite web| title=Memorial Chapel| url=http://www.royal-memorial-chapel-sandhurst.org.uk/History%20of%20the%20Organ.pdf| access-date=20 February 2008| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228223122/http://www.royal-memorial-chapel-sandhurst.org.uk/History%20of%20the%20Organ.pdf| archive-date=28 February 2008}}
Sovereign's Parade
The first Sovereign's Parade was held on 14 July 1948, in front of King George VI. Three Sovereign's Parades are held each year outside the Old College to mark the "passing-out" and the final parade at Sandhurst of the Senior Division. All cadets, except for those who have been back-termed through injury or other reasons, are inspected by the Sovereign (or their representative), participate in the Trooping the Colour and parade past the Sovereign (or his representative) and guests. Guests consist of invited dignitaries and friends and families of the graduating cadets.
One of the highlights of the Parade is Trooping the Colour. The Colour trooped is the Sovereign's Banner and the current banner is the third generation of itself, presented by Elizabeth II in March 1999;{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MXk77JDT3mo| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211107/MXk77JDT3mo| archive-date=2021-11-07 | url-status=live|website=YouTube|title=New Banner Parade of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (CC 982)| date=25 August 2012}}{{cbignore}} the first Sovereign's Banner, known as the "King George V's Banner", was presented by George V on 6 November 1918{{cite web|title=Court Circular|date=7 November 1918|work=The Times|page=9|url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CS151325543/TTDA?u=glo_earl&sid=bookmark-TTDA&xid=525d2c6b|access-date=27 September 2022}} and the second one was presented by Queen Elizabeth on 27 October 1978.{{cite web|title=Court Circular|work=The Times|date=28 October 1978|page=14|url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CS235111260/TTDA?u=glo_earl&sid=bookmark-TTDA&xid=58d5f945|access-date=27 September 2022}}
The honour of Trooping the Colour falls to the Sovereign's Platoon, the then-Champion Company/Platoon. The Sovereign's Platoon, which wears multi-coloured lanyards, using the colours of all three Divisions, is selected on merit and is the best platoon amongst the Division; these officer cadets are chosen from a competition in drill, orienteering, shooting and a cross-country race, ensuring they are of the best in endurance and teamwork.{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QntoTGiz8VM| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211107/QntoTGiz8VM| archive-date=2021-11-07 | url-status=live|title=The Sovereign's Parade, April 1985|website=YouTube| date=15 October 2015}}{{cbignore}}
In the past, the Sovereign's Platoon from the Senior Division formed the Colour Party with the Banner on the left flank of the parade; after the inspecting officer had completed inspection, the Colour Party would move to the centre place of the parade before the Saluting Base, awaiting the new Sovereign's Platoon to take possession of the Banner.{{cite web|url=http://www.aparchive.com/metadata/youtube/1d1a5f3bea90447cb0d7490b62abb67b|website=AP Archive|title=THE SOVEREIGN'S PARADE AT SANDHURST – SOUND – COLOUR}}{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gJuq3vXTTTE| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211107/gJuq3vXTTTE| archive-date=2021-11-07 | url-status=live|website=YouTube|title=The Sovereign's Parade At Sandhurst – 1962| date=21 July 2015}}{{cbignore}} The new Sovereign's Platoon would keep the Banner until handing it to the next Sovereign's Platoon in the next Sovereign's Parade; they had the privilege of leaving the parade before other divisions after the Senior Division officer cadets had marched into the Old College and the remainders of the parade would salute the banner while they were leaving the parade square.
Nowadays, the handover of the Sovereign's Banner from the senior Sovereign's Platoon to a new one dissipates. What replaces it is that the Sovereign's Platoon of Senior Division, instead of the new one, marches to receive the Banner. The Ensign, at the end of the parade, also marches into the Old College whilst carrying the Banner.{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rNU5IA6r5c0| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211107/rNU5IA6r5c0| archive-date=2021-11-07 | url-status=live|website=YouTube|title=Sandhurst Commissioning Parade – 15/04/16 – CC152| date=18 April 2016}}{{cbignore}}
At the end of the Parade, the Colours and the Senior Division leave the parade ground via the Grand Steps of the Old College building. They are followed by the Academy Adjutant on horseback (the origins of this tradition are unclear).
Awards
Each Commissioning Course has awards granted to outstanding cadets. The following awards are presented during the Sovereign's Parade. Others are merely listed in the Parade programme. A system of Cadet Government also recognises merit by the appointment of Senior Under Officers, Junior Under Officers, Cadet Sergeants and Cadet Corporals.
class=wikitable
|+List of awards !width=200|Name!!Details!!Refs | ||
Sword of Honour | Awarded to the Officer Cadet considered by the Commandant to be the best of the intake. The Sword of Honour is donated and crafted by Pooley Sword. | {{cite web|url=https://www.radioexe.co.uk/news-and-features/local-news/exeter-man-awarded-sword-of-honour/|title=Exeter man awarded Sword of Honour|publisher=Radio Exe|date=3 October 2018}} |
King's Medal | Awarded to the Officer Cadet who has achieved the best overall results in military, academic and practical studies. Presented on behalf of The Sovereign. | {{cite web|url=http://www.army.mod.uk/training_education/24563.aspx|title=178th Sovereign's Parade|publisher=Ministry of Defence|access-date=21 August 2016}} |
International Sword | Awarded to the International Cadet considered by the Commandant to be the best of the intake. Donated by the Ministry of Defence, the State of Kuwait, in memory of Sheikh Ali Al Sabah, the former Defence Minister, the State of Kuwait. | |
International Award | Awarded to the International Cadet who has achieved the best overall results in military, academic and practical studies. The International Award is donated by the State of Qatar. | |
MacRobert Sword | Awarded to the Officer Cadet considered by the Commandant to be, overall, the best of the Short Commissioning Course. This sword is also donated by the MacRobert Trust and produced by Pooley Sword. | {{cite web|url=http://www.glrfca.org/news/detail/216|title=London Officer Cadet tops course at RMA Sandhurst|publisher=The Reserve Forces' and Cadets' Association for Greater London|access-date=9 August 2016}} |
King Hussein Award | Awarded to the most improved International Cadet. Donated by the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in memory of the late King Hussein of Jordan. | The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst "The Sovereign's Parade" |
The Hodson's Horse Merit Award | Awarded to the International Cadet who has produced an overall performance of particular merit. Donated by the Hodson's Horse British Officers' Memorial Trust. | |
The Commandant's Merit Award | Awarded at the discretion of the Commandant for exceptional achievement. | |
The Commandant's Coin | In recognition of sustained and exemplary performance of merit and superb representation of their countries the Royal Military Academy. | |
Sandhurst Medal | In December 2016, the academy and its charitable trust created the Sandhurst Medal. Unlike most British medals, it is not awarded or authorised by the Sovereign and is instead awarded privately by the Sandhurst Trust. It may only be awarded to international cadets who have passed out from Sandhurst, not British graduates, and must be purchased for £250. Notable graduates such as Abdullah II of Jordan have mounted the medal on their military uniforms. | {{Cite web|title=Sandhurst Medal – RMAS INTERNATIONAL GRADUATES ONLY|url=https://shop.sandhursttrust.org/pages/sandhurst-medal}}{{Cite web|date=2020-01-13|title=King Abdullah of Jordan warns Daesh on the rise again|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/1612286/middle-east|access-date=2020-07-13|website=Arab News|language=en}} |
Alumni
{{main|List of alumni of Sandhurst}}
Chapel
There are two chapels within the academy, the Roman Catholic Chapel (Christ the King) and the Royal Memorial Chapel, dedicated as Christ Church, which also contains the South Africa Chapel, which was originally the sanctuary of the second Chapel before it was enlarged. The original chapel was what is now known as the British Indian Army Memorial Room. The Royal Engineers designed the original Chapel, which features red brick, terracotta moulding, interlocking pediment copies and corbels in 1879. The chapel was dedicated by King George VI on 2 May 1937, after architect Captain Arthur C. Martin enlarged the building in a Byzantine style. The Memorial stained glass and Windows in the chapel honour the Brigade of Guards, Rifle Brigade, Royal Fusiliers, and the Hampshire Regiment, among other units. Some memorials, including one honouring alumni of the US Military Academy at West Point, are carved into the black marble flooring.{{Cite web|url=http://www.royalmemorialchapel.com/|title=Royal Memorial Chapel Sandhurst|website=royalmemorialchapel.com}} On panels devoted to the particular campaigns in which they died, are the names of former cadets killed in action. At intervals above the panels are circular tablets to the memory of College Governors. The names of former cadets who have died on active service in the field, or elsewhere are listed in the spaces between the panels. Other tablets on the walls of the porch of the Church were moved there from the old Chapel. At the nave near the chancel steps, old Regimental colours hang from the pillars.{{Cite book |url=https://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/augustus-ferryman-mockler-ferryman/annals-of-sandhurst--a-chronicle-of-the-royal-military-college-from-its-foundat-hci.shtml |title=Annals of Sandhurst: a chronicle of the Royal Military College from its foundation to the present day, with a sketch of the history of the Staff College |first=Augustus Ferryman |last=Mockler-Ferryman |location=London |publisher=William Heinemann |date=1900 |via=ebooksread.com}}
The college cemetery has (in 2017) 21 graves and headstones maintained by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.{{cite web|url=https://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/71544/SANDHURST%20ROYAL%20MILITARY%20ACADEMY%20CEMETERY|title=Sandhurst Royal Military Academy Cemetery|access-date=19 October 2017}}
File:Dedication to General G T C Carter-Campbell at Sandhurst.jpg|The dedication to Major-General George Carter-Campbell in The Royal Memorial Chapel
File:RMAS18Je6-4758.jpg|Royal Memorial Chapel portico
File:RMA-wyrdlight-831451.jpg|Entrance to the cemetery
File:RMAS-wyrdlight-831433.jpg|Foreground: some of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission maintained headstones & graves
Lineage
{{s-start}}
|- style="text-align: center; background: #ADD8E6;"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"|Lineage
|-
| rowspan="5" style="width:25%; text-align:center;"| Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
| rowspan="2" style="width:25%; text-align:center;"| Royal Military Academy
| style="width:25%; text-align:center;"| Royal Military Academy
|-
| style="width:25%; text-align:center;"| East India Company Military Seminary
|-
| colspan="2" style="width:25%; text-align:center;"| Royal Military College, Sandhurst
|-
| colspan="2" style="width:25%; text-align:center;"| Mons Officer Cadet School
|-
| colspan="2" style="width:25%; text-align:center;"| Women's Royal Army Corps College
{{s-end}}
See also
{{Portal|Berkshire|United Kingdom}}
References
=Notes=
{{Reflist}}
=Bibliography=
- Mockler-Ferryman, A. F. Annals of Sandhurst: A Chronicle of the Royal Military College From Its Foundation to the Present. Whitefish, Montana: Kessinger Publishing, 2007 (reprint; original 1900). {{ISBN|1-4326-6558-8}}.
- Thomas, Hugh, 1931– The story of Sandhurst London, Hutchinson 1961
- Christchurch the Chapel of The Royal Military College: Enlarged and Beautified to the Glory of God and in memory of The Sandhurst Cadets who have died in the service of their country Gale & Polden Ltd, Aldershot, 1937.
- Goodley, Heloise An Officer and a Gentlewoman Constable and Robinson, London, 2012
External links
{{Commons}}
- [https://www.army.mod.uk/who-we-are/our-schools-and-colleges/rma-sandhurst/ Royal Military Academy Sandhurst Official website]
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{{British Military IOT}}
{{NATO Military Academies}}
{{1948 Summer Olympic venues}}
{{Olympic venues modern pentathlon}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Military academies of the United Kingdom
Category:Training establishments of the British Army
Category:1947 establishments in the United Kingdom
Category:Venues of the 1948 Summer Olympics