Ruby-throated bulbul
{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Ruby-throated Bulbul - Meru Bethiri - East Java MG 7018 (29809426055).jpg
| image_caption = East Java, Indonesia
| status = VU
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| taxon = Rubigula dispar
| authority = (Horsfield, 1821)
| synonyms = * Pycnonotus melanicterus dispar
- Turdus dispar
- Pycnonotus dispar
}}
The ruby-throated bulbul (Rubigula dispar), or yellow bulbul, also known as flame throated bulbul is a member of the bulbul family of passerine birds.{{cite web | title=Bulbuls – IOC World Bird List | website=IOC World Bird List – Version 14.2 | date=2024-08-17 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/bulbuls/ | access-date=2025-01-04}} It is found on Sumatra, Java, and Bali.
Taxonomy and systematics
The ruby-throated bulbul was originally described in the genus Turdus and later moved to genus Pycnonotus. Pycnonotus was found to be polyphyletic in recent molecular phylogenetic studies and five bulbul species, including the ruby-throated bulbul, moved to Rubigula.{{cite journal|last1=Shakya|first1=Subir B.|last2=Sheldon|first2=Frederick H.|title=The phylogeny of the world's bulbuls (Pycnonotidae) inferred using a supermatrix approach|journal=Ibis|volume=159|issue=3|year=2017|pages=498–509|issn=0019-1019|doi=10.1111/ibi.12464|doi-access=free}} Until 2008, the ruby-throated bulbul was considered as conspecific with the black-capped, black-crested, flame-throated and Bornean bulbuls,{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/updates/archives/species-v1/|title=Species Version 1 IOC World Bird List (archive)|website=www.worldbirdnames.org|access-date=2017-03-11}} but these are all now treated as distinct.
- Rubigula dispar dispar. Iris yellow. Java, Bali.
- Rubigula dispar matamerah. Iris red. Sumatra.
Description
It is 17–20 cm long, virtually crestless, has a black head with a deep red throat, greenish-yellow back and wings, yellow underparts, and a greenish-black tail. The bill and legs are black.{{cite book | last=Hoyo | first=Josep del | title=All the birds of the world | publisher=Lynx edicions | publication-place=Barcelona | date=2020 | isbn=978-84-16728-37-4 | page=620}}
Distribution and habitat
This is a bird of forest and dense scrub.
Behaviour and ecology
It builds its nest in a bush; two to four eggs are a typical clutch. The ruby-throated bulbul feeds on fruit and insects.
References
{{Commons category|Pycnonotus dispar}}
{{Reflist}}
- Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. (2005). Birds of South Asia. The Ripley Guide. Volume 2: Attributes and Status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona
{{Taxonbar|from=Q82979237|from2=Q9171664}}
{{pycnonotidae-stub}}