Rucinates
{{Short description|Gallic tribe}}
The Rucinates (Gaulish: *Rucinatis) or Rucantii (Gaulish: *Rucantioi) were a Gallic tribe dwelling in near the confluence of the Isar and Danube rivers during the Roman period.
Name
They are mentioned as R̔oukántioi (Ῥουκάντιοι) by Strabo (early 1st c. AD),Strabo. Geōgraphiká, 4:6:8. as Rucinates (var. irucina-) by Pliny (1st c. AD),Pliny. Naturalis Historia, [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/pliny_elder-natural_history/1938/pb_LCL352.103.xml 3:20]. as R̔ounikátai (Ῥουνικάται) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD),Ptolemy. Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis, 2:12:4. and as Rucinates on an inscription.CIL 5:7817.{{Harvnb|Falileyev|2010}}, s.v. Runicates.
The meaning of the name remains uncertain. It has been translated as 'the blushing (i.e. shameful or shaming) people', by connecting the first element to the Gaulish *rucco- ('shame, blush of shame'). Alternatively, Patrizia de Bernardo Stempel has proposed to derive the name from a form *roukkina (cf. Welsh rhuchen 'jerkin, jacket, coat'), itself from *roukka (cf. Welsh rhuch 'garment, cloak, mantle'). In this view, the variant R̔oukántioi handed down by Strabo could be explained as 'those who wear a roukka'.{{Sfn|de Bernardo Stempel|2015|p=94}} The form given by Ptolemy (Runicates) is a metathesis of the original form (Rucinates).
Geography
The Rucinates lived near the confluence of the Isar and Danube rivers. Their territory was located north of the Catenates, east of the Raetovarii, south of the Iuthungi.{{harvnb|Talbert|2000}}, Map 12: Mogontiacum-Reginum-Lauriacum. They were part of the Vindelici.{{Sfn|Schumacher|Dietz|Zanier|2007}}
History
They are mentioned by Pliny the Elder as one of the Alpine tribes conquered by Rome in 16–15 BC, and whose name was engraved on the Tropaeum Alpium.
References
{{Reflist}}
= Primary sources =
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- {{Cite book|last=Pliny|title=Natural History|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=1938|isbn=978-0674993648|series=Loeb Classical Library|translator-last=Rackham|translator-first=H.|author-link=Pliny the Elder}}
- {{Cite book|last=Strabo|title=Geography|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=1923|isbn=978-0674990562|series=Loeb Classical Library|translator-last=Jones|translator-first=Horace L.|author-link=Strabo}}
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= Bibliography =
{{refbegin}}
- {{Cite book|last=de Bernardo Stempel|first=Patrizia|title=Der obere Donauraum 50 v. bis 50 n. Chr.|publisher=Frank & Timme|year=2015|isbn=978-3-7329-0143-2|editor-last=Lohner-Urban|editor-first=Ute|chapter=Zu den keltisch benannten Stämmen im Umfeld des oberen Donauraums|author-link=Patrizia de Bernardo Stempel|editor-last2=Scherrer|editor-first2=Peter}}
- {{Cite book|last=Falileyev|first=Alexander|title=Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-names: A Celtic Companion to the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World|publisher=CMCS|year=2010|isbn=978-0955718236}}
- {{Cite book|last=Schumacher|first=Stefan|title=Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde|last2=Dietz|first2=Karlheinz|last3=Zanier|first3=Werner|publisher=De Gruyter|year=2007|isbn=978-3110187847|editor-last=Beck|editor-first=Heinrich|edition=2|volume=35|chapter=Vindeliker}}
- {{Cite book|last=Talbert|first=Richard J. A.|title=Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=2000|isbn=978-0691031699|author-link=Richard Talbert}}
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{{Gallic peoples}}
{{Authority control}}