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Rytigynia

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}

{{automatic taxobox

|image = Rytigynia uhligii DSCN5154.jpg

|image_caption = Rytigynia uhligii in Tanzania

|display_parents = 2

|taxon = Rytigynia

|authority = Blume

|type_species = Rytigynia senegalensis

|type_species_authority = Blume

}}

Rytigynia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is found in tropical and southern Africa. The genera Rytigynia and Fadogia form a strongly supported clade but neither of these genera is monophyletic.{{cite journal|vauthors=Lantz H, Bremer B |year=2004|title=Phylogeny inferred from morphology and DNA data: characterizing well-supported groups in Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae)|journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society|volume=146|issue=3|pages=257–283|doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00338.x|doi-access=free}}

Distribution

Rytigynia is found in Tropical Africa. R. senegalensis and R. umbellulata are the two most widespread species and they are found from Senegal to Sudan to Botswana. R. celastroides has the southernmost distribution and occurs as far south as KwaZulu-Natal. However, most species are more restricted in distribution area and they are often found in either West or East Africa. Half of the species is even endemic to one country. One-third of all Rytigynia species is found in Tanzania, and many of them are endemics.{{cite web|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Rytigynia|title=Rytigynia in the World Checklist of Rubiaceae|accessdate=October 28, 2013}}

Bacterial leaf symbiosis

Endophytic bacteria are housed in the intercellular space of the leaf mesophyll tissue. The presence of these bacteria can only be microscopically ascertained. The bacteria are identified as Burkholderia, which is a genus that is also found in the leaves of other Rubiaceae species.{{cite journal|vauthors=Verstraete B, Janssens S, Smets E, Dessein S|year=2013|title=Symbiotic beta-proteobacteria beyond legumes: Burkholderia in Rubiaceae|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=8|issue=1|pages=e55260|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0055260|pmid=23372845|pmc=3555867|doi-access=free}}{{cite journal|vauthors=Verstraete B, Janssens S, Lemaire B, Smets E, Dessein S|year=2013|title=Phylogenetic lineages in Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae) associated with Burkholderia bacteria in sub-Saharan Africa|journal=American Journal of Botany|volume=100|issue=12|pages=2380–2387|doi=10.3732/ajb.1300303|pmid=24275705}} The hypothesis is that these endophytic bacteria provide chemical protection against insect herbivory.{{cite journal|vauthors=Sieber S, Carlier A, Neuburger M, Grabenweger G, Eberl L, Gademann K|year=2015|title=Isolation and total synthesis of kirkamide, an aminocyclitol from an obligate leaf nodule symbiont|journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition|volume=54|issue=27|pages=7968–7970|doi=10.1002/anie.201502696|pmid=26033226|url=https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/120735/7/angewandte_authac.pdf}}

Species

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References

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External links

  • [http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Rytigynia Rytigynia in the World Checklist of Rubiaceae]
  • [http://www.botany.si.edu/ing/INGsearch.cfm?searchword=Rytigynia Rytigynia] At:[http://www.botany.si.edu/ing/ Index Nominum Genericorum] At: [http://www.botany.si.edu/index.htm?references References] At: [http://www.botany.si.edu/index.htm NMNH Department of Botany]

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Category:Rubiaceae genera

Category:Vanguerieae

Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot